ISO 14649-12:2005

Industrial automation systems and integration — Physical device control — Data model for computerized numerical controllers — Part 12: Process data for turning

ISO 14649-12:2005 specifies the technology-specific data elements needed as process data for turning. Together with the general process data described in ISO 14649-10, it describes the interface between a computerized numerical controller and the programming system (i.e. CAM system or shop floor programming system) for turning. The subject of the turning schema, which is described in ISO 14649-12:2005, is the definition of technology-specific data types representing machining features and processes for turning operations on lathes.

Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Commande des dispositifs physiques — Modèle de données pour les contrôleurs numériques informatisés — Partie 12: Données de procédé pour le tournage

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 06-Dec-2005
• ICS: 25.040.20 - Numerically controlled machines
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 184/SC 1 - Industrial cyber and physical device control
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 184/SC 1 - Industrial cyber and physical device control
• Current Stage: 9093 - International Standard confirmed
• Completion Date: 08-Oct-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14649-12
First edition
2005-12-15

Industrial automation systems and
integration — Physical device control —
Data model for computerized numerical
controllers —
Part 12:
Process data for turning
Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Commande des
dispositifs physiques — Modèle de données pour les contrôleurs
numériques informatisés —
Partie 12: Données de procédé pour le tournage




Reference number
ISO 14649-12:2005(E)
©
ISO 2005

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ISO 14649-12:2005(E)
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ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

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ISO 14649-12:2005(E)
Contents Page
Foreword.vi
Introduction.vii
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .2
3.1 Roughing .2
3.2 Finishing .2
4 Process data for turning .2
4.1 Header and references .2
4.2 Manufacturing features for turning.3
4.2.1 General.3
4.2.2 Turning feature.3
4.2.3 Outer round .4
4.2.3.1 General.4
4.2.3.2 Outer diameter .4
4.2.3.3 Outer diameter to shoulder .5
4.2.4 Revolved feature .6
4.2.4.1 General.6
4.2.4.2 Revolved flat.7
4.2.4.3 Revolved round .7
4.2.4.4 Groove.8
4.2.4.5 General revolution.9
4.2.5 Knurl.10
4.2.5.1 General.10
4.2.5.2 Straight knurl .11
4.2.5.3 Diagonal knurl .11
4.2.5.4 Diamond knurl .11
4.2.5.5 Tool knurl.12
4.3 Machining workingstep for turning.12
4.3.1 Turning workingstep.12
4.4 Machining operations for turning .13
4.4.1 General.13
4.4.2 Turning technology.13
4.4.2.1 General.13
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ISO 14649-12:2005(E)
4.4.2.2 Speed select.14
4.4.2.3 Const spindle speed.14
4.4.2.4 Const cutting speed.14
4.4.2.5 Feed select.15
4.4.2.6 Feed velocity type .15
4.4.2.7 Feed per rev type .15
4.4.3 Turning machine functions.15
4.4.3.1 General.15
4.4.3.2 Coolant select.16
4.4.4 Turning machining strategy.17
4.4.4.1 General.17
4.4.4.2 Unidirectional turning.18
4.4.4.3 Bidirectional turning.19
4.4.4.4 Contour turning.20
4.4.4.5 Thread strategy .21
4.4.4.5.1 General .21
4.4.4.5.2 Thread cut depth type.21
4.4.4.5.3 Threading direction type .22
4.4.4.6 Grooving strategy .22
4.4.4.6.1 General .22
4.4.4.6.2 Multistep grooving strategy.23
4.4.4.7 Explicit turning strategy .24
4.4.5 Turning machining operation .24
4.4.5.1 General.24
4.4.5.2 Facing.25
4.4.5.2.1 General .25
4.4.5.2.2 Facing rough.25
4.4.5.2.3 Facing finish.26
4.4.5.3 Grooving.26
4.4.5.3.1 General .26
4.4.5.3.2 Grooving rough.26
4.4.5.3.3 Grooving finish.27
4.4.5.3.4 Cutting in.27
4.4.5.3.5 Dwell select.28
4.4.5.3.6 Dwell time .28
4.4.5.3.7 Dwell revolution .28
4.4.5.4 Contouring.28
4.4.5.4.1 General .28
4.4.5.4.2 Contouring rough.29
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ISO 14649-12:2005(E)

4.4.5.4.3 Contouring finish.29
4.4.5.5 Threading .29
4.4.5.5.1 General.29
4.4.5.5.2 Threading rough .30
4.4.5.5.3 Threading finish .30
4.4.5.6 Knurling .30
Annex A: (normative) EXPRESS expanded listing.31
Annex B: (informative) EXPRESS-G diagram.39
Annex C: (informative) Turning specific features .44
C.1 General .44
C.2 Circular face.44
C.2.1 General .44
C.2.2 Face radiused.45
C.2.3 Bottom transition.46
C.2.3.1 Bottom_transition_slope .46
C.2.3.2 Bottom_transition_round.46
C.3 Cut in.47
Annex D: (informative) Simple turning example .49
Annex E: (informative) Complex turning example .52
Index .58

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ISO 14649-12:2005(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 14649-12 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Industrial automation systems and
integration, Subcommittee SC 1, Physical device control.
ISO 14649 consists of the following parts, under the general title Industrial automation systems and
integration — Physical device control — Data model for computerized numerical controllers:
— Part 1: Overview and fundamental principles
— Part 10: General process data
— Part 11: Process data for milling
— Part 12: Process data for turning
— Part 111: Tools for milling machines
— Part 121: Tools for turning machines
Gaps in the numbering were left to allow further additions. ISO 14649-10 is the ISO 10303 Application
Reference Model (ARM) for process-independent data. ISO 10303 ARMs for specific technologies are added
after part 10.
ISO 14649 is harmonized with ISO 10303 in the common field of Product Data over the whole life cycle.

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ISO 14649-12:2005(E)
Introduction

Modern manufacturing enterprises are built from facilities spread around the globe, which contain equipment from
hundreds of different manufacturers. Immense volumes of product information must be transferred between the
various facilities and machines. Today's digital communications standards have solved the problem of reliably
transferring information across global networks. For mechanical parts, the description of product data has been
standardized by ISO 10303. This leads to the possibility of using standard data throughout the entire process chain
in the manufacturing enterprise. Impediments to realizing this principle are the data formats used at the machine
level. Most computer numerical control (CNC) machines are programmed in the ISO 6983 “G and M code”
language. Programs are typically generated by computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) systems that use computer-
aided design (CAD) information. However, ISO 6983 limits program portability for three reasons. First, the language
focuses on programming the tool center path with respect to machine axes, rather than the machining process with
respect to the part. Second, the standard defines the syntax of program statements, but in most cases leaves the
semantics ambiguous. Third, vendors usually supplement the language with extensions that are not covered in the
limited scope of ISO 6983.
ISO 14649 is a new model of data transfer between CAD/CAM systems and CNC machines, which replaces ISO
6983. It remedies the shortcomings of ISO 6983 by specifying machining processes rather than machine tool
motion, using the object-oriented concept of Workingsteps. Workingsteps correspond to high-level machining
features and associated process parameters. CNCs are responsible for translating Workingsteps to axis motion
and tool operation. A major benefit of ISO 14649 is its use of existing data models from ISO 10303. As ISO 14649
provides a comprehensive model of the manufacturing process, it can also be used as the basis for a bi- and multi-
directional data exchange between all other information technology systems.
ISO 14649 represents an object oriented, information and context preserving approach for NC-programming, that
supersedes data reduction to simple switching instructions or linear and circular movements. As it is object- and
feature oriented and describes the machining operations executed on the workpiece, and not machine dependent
axis motions, it will be running on different machine tools or controllers. This compatibility will spare all data
adaptations by postprocessors, if the new data model is correctly implemented on the NC controllers. If old NC
programs in ISO 6983 are to be used on such controllers, the corresponding interpreters shall be able to process
the different NC program types in parallel.
ISO TC 184/SC 1/WG 7 envisions a gradual evolution from ISO 6983 programming to portable feature-based
programming. Early adopters of ISO 14649 will certainly support data input of legacy “G and M codes” manually or
through programs, just as modern controllers support both command-line interfaces and graphical user interfaces.
This will likely be made easier as open-architecture controllers become more prevalent. Therefore, ISO 14649 does
not include legacy program statements, which would otherwise dilute the effectiveness of the standard.
Figure 1 of ISO 14649-1 shows the different fields of standardization between ISO 14649, ISO 10303 and CNC
manufacturers with respect to implementation and software development.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14649-12:2005(E)

Industrial automation systems and integration — Physical
device control — Data model for computerized numerical
controllers —
Part 12:
Process data for turning
1 Scope
This part of ISO 14649 specifies the technology specific data elements needed as process data for turning.

Together with the general process data described in ISO 14649-10, it describes the interface between
a computerized numerical controller and the programming system (i.e. CAM system or shop floor
programming system) for turning. It can be used for turning operations on all types of machines including turning
machine or lathe, or turning centers. In this version, feature and operation data models for conventional turning,
involving only x and z movements, are covered. Features and operations for the composite machining including c-
axis operation will be covered in the later version of this document or in a separate document. Also, the scope of
this part of ISO 14649 does not include any other technologies, like milling, grinding, contour cutting, or EDM.
These technologies will be described in other parts of the ISO 14649 series.
The subject of the turning schema, which is described in this document, is the definition of technology specific data
types representing machining features and processes for turning operation on lathes. Not included in this schema
are representations, executable objects, and base classes which are common for all technologies. They are
referenced from ISO 10303’s generic resources and ISO 14649-10. The description of process data is done
using the EXPRESS language as defined in ISO 10303-11. The encoding of the data is done using ISO 10303-21.

2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
ISO 10303-11:2004, Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange —
Part 11: Description methods: The EXPRESS language reference manual
ISO 10303-21:2002, Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange —
Part 21: Implementation methods: Clear text encoding of the exchange structure
ISO 10303-224: 2001, Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange —
Part 224: Application protocol: Mechanical product definition for process planning using machining features

ISO 14649-1:2003, Industrial automation systems and integration — Physical device control — Data model
for computerized numerical controllers — Part 1: Overview and fundamental principles
ISO 14649-10:2003, Industrial automation systems and integration — Physical device control — Data model
for computerized numerical controllers — Part 10: General process data
ISO 14649-11:2004, Industrial automation systems and integration — Physical device control — Data model
for computerized numerical controllers — Part 11: Process data for milling
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ISO 14649-12:2005(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 14649-10 and the following apply.
3.1
Roughing
machining operation used to cut a part

NOTE  While the aim of roughing is to remove large quantities of material in a short time, the surface quality is usually
not important. The roughing operation is usually followed by a finishing operation, cf. finishing.

3.2
Finishing
machining operation used to cut a par

NOTE The finishing operation usually follows a roughing operation. The goal of finishing is to reach the surface quality
required, cf. roughing.

4 Process data for turning
4.1 Header and references
The following listing gives the header for the turning schema and the list of types and entities, which are referenced
within this schema.
SCHEMA turning_schema;

(*
  Version : 15
  Date  : 05.01.2005
  Author : ISO TC184/SC1/WG7
  Contact : Suk-Hwan Suh
       Stefan Heusinger
*)


(* ************************************************************************ *)
(* Types from machining_schema         ISO 14649-10         *)
(* ************************************************************************ *)

REFERENCE FROM machining_schema(
  axis2_placement_3d,
  bounded_curve,
  cartesian_point,
  direction,
  general_profile,
  identifier
  in_process_geometry,
  label,
  length_measure,
  linear_profile,
  machine_functions,
  machining_operation,
  manufacturing_feature,
  material,
  open_profile,
  partial_area_definition,
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ISO 14649-12:2005(E)
  partial_circular_profile,
  plane_angle_measure,
  positive_length_measure,
  positive_ratio_measure,
  pressure_measure,
  property_parameter,
  rot_speed_measure,
  round_hole,
  speed_measure,
  taper_select,
  technology,
  thread,
  time_measure,
  toleranced_length_measure,
  two5D_manufacturing_feature,
  vee_profile,
  workingstep);

(* ************************************************************************ *)
(* Types from milling_ schema         ISO 14649-11         *)
(* ************************************************************************ *)

REFERENCE FROM milling_schema(
  adaptive_control,
  approach_retract_strategy,
  process_model_list);

4.2 Manufacturing features for turning
4.2.1 General
The base class of all features used for turning is the turning_feature. The turning_feature is a subclass of the
two5D_manufacturing_feature described in ISO 14649-10. The turning features described in this clause are fully
harmonized with ISO 10303 AP224. Features that can be obtained by turning operation, as well as milling
operation, such as round_hole and thread, are not described in this part of ISO 14649; but users can use these
features by referencing ISO 14649-10. Also, toolpath_feature which is defined in ISO 14649-10 can be used for the
toolpath type features in turning.

4.2.2 Turning feature
The entity turning_feature is the abstract base class for all features used for turning. The defined turning features
are classified geometric shapes that can be obtained by turning the cylindrical workpiece with 2-axis (x and z)
operation or 3-axis (x, z, and c) operation (Figure 1). In this versio
...