ISO 18383:2025

Digital imaging - Specification guideline for digital cameras

This document identifies a set of features that describes digital still cameras (DSCs), and it specifies their definitions, measurement methods, and presentation methods. This document applies to DSCs designed and produced for and promoted to general consumers and need not be applied to those DSCs designed and produced to meet individual and special specifications agreed upon by particular business or industrial users and the manufacturer. The presentation methods specified in this document are intended for use as notations on camera bodies, on product packaging, on promotional materials for advertising and at the point of purchase, in electronic or printed catalogues and other materials, and in the relevant software.

Imagerie numérique — Ligne directrice de spécification pour caméras numériques

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 06-Oct-2025
• ICS: 37.040.10 - Photographic equipment. Projectors
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 42 - Photography
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 42 - Photography
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 07-Oct-2025
• Due Date: 02-May-2026
• Completion Date: 07-Oct-2025

Relations

• Revises: ISO 18383:2015 - Photography - Digital cameras - Specification guideline
• Effective Date: 06-May-2023

Overview

ISO 18383:2025 - Digital imaging: Specification guideline for digital cameras - defines a common framework for describing digital still cameras (DSCs). The document identifies a set of camera features, and specifies definitions, measurement methods, and presentation methods so manufacturers, retailers, reviewers and consumers can understand and compare product specifications. It applies to consumer-targeted DSCs (not bespoke industrial/business-only cameras) and is intended for notations on camera bodies, packaging, advertising, catalogues and related software.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Feature definitions: Standardized terminology for DSC characteristics (e.g., number of effective/recorded/output pixels, image area, sensor picture size, ring pixels, pixel and file-size concepts).
• Measurement methods: Normative methods for quantifying camera attributes, including non-image-quality features (see Annex A) and references to established image-quality measurement standards.
• Presentation methods: Rules for how feature names and values should be presented as primary notations on product labels, packaging and promotional material.
• Scope of specifications: The standard provides definitions and methods but does not mandate numeric performance thresholds or require features to be included on every product.
• Structured content: Detailed sections cover optical systems, camera control systems, key components, recording systems, image quality, response time and miscellaneous features.
• Terms and examples: Clarifies terms such as factory shipping conditions, 35 mm equivalent focal length, sensor optical format, image compression and image file size.

Practical applications and users

• Camera manufacturers: Use the guideline to label product specifications consistently across models and markets.
• Product managers & marketers: Ensure promotional claims and packaging follow standardized presentation methods for transparency and comparability.
• Retailers & e‑commerce: Display consistent specification data at point-of-sale and in online catalogs.
• Test labs & reviewers: Adopt common measurement definitions to compare camera performance objectively.
• Software developers: Align in-app system info and metadata displays with standardized presentation methods.
• Procurement and consumers: Benefit from clearer, comparable product data to support buying decisions.

Related standards (examples)

ISO 18383 references and coordinates with several photography standards, including:

• ISO 12232 - Determination of exposure index and ISO speed ratings
• ISO 12233 - Resolution and spatial frequency response
• ISO 15739 - Noise measurements
• ISO 15781 - Measuring shooting time lag and related timing metrics
• ISO 20087 - Battery life measurement It also incorporates guidance from CIPA and ANSI/IS&T guidelines to reflect current industry practice.

Keywords: ISO 18383:2025, digital imaging standard, digital camera specifications, DSC guideline, camera measurement methods, sensor format, pixels, image quality, camera presentation methods.

Standards Content (Sample)

International
Standard
ISO 18383
Second edition
Digital imaging — Specification
2025-10
guideline for digital cameras
Imagerie numérique — Ligne directrice de spécification pour
caméras numériques
Reference number
© ISO 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
3.1 General terms relating to products .2
3.2 Terms in pixel related specifications (See B.2.1) .2
4 Definition set of the product specifications of DSCs . 4
4.1 Basic requirements .4
4.2 Definitions of specifications .5
4.2.1 General .5
4.2.2 Optical system .6
4.2.3 Camera control system .10
4.2.4 Key components .16
4.2.5 Recording system .24
4.2.6 Image quality .27
4.2.7 Response time . . . 34
4.2.8 Miscellaneous features .37
Annex A (normative) Measurement methods of features not related to image quality . 41
Annex B (normative) Related standards .48
Annex C (informative) Commentary .69
Bibliography . 74

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 42, Photography.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 18383:2015), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— Annex B was revised with taking the CIPA DCG-001: 2018, “Individual Guidelines for noting digital camera
specifications on Number of pixels, Image file and Focal length of the lens” and ANSI/IS&T IT10.7000:
2015, “Digital Still Cameras – Guidelines for Reporting Pixel-Related Specifications” into account.
— Item 1, 2, 4 were revised in accordance with the revision of Annex B.
— Item 3 was revised.
— Item 8 was revised with taking the newly published CIPA DCG-008-2022 “Guideline for Presentation
Method of Shutter Speed on Digital Cameras” into account.
— The provision for item 24 was added as (f) magnification with taking the newly published CIPA DCG-002-
2023 “Specification Guideline for Digital Cameras” into account.
— Item 48 was revised in accordance with progress in standardization of referenced ISO standard.
— New Note 1 was added in A.4.2 to explain the relation of AF standards; ISO 15781, ISO/TS 20490.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
The digital still camera (DSC) marketplace continuously produces and promotes new and competitive
cameras. Requiring that manufacturers produce DSCs with standard numerical specifications impedes the
technical progress, interferes with fair market competition, hinders the sound development of the industry,
reduces camera innovation, and limits the customer's choice. On the other hand, standardized definitions of
a fundamental set of camera specifications can help consumers to choose, purchase, and use these cameras
because they provide the information needed to understand and compare the numerical specifications
offered by the manufacturers and, thus, contribute to the fair competition in the market.
The various fundamental features of DSCs have close relationships with other features, such as camera
size or cost. Nonetheless, these features, their relationships, and their numerical values vary with time and
technological evolution. Manufacturers design and build their cameras to numerical specifications that
balance performance with their estimation of the competitiveness of the product in and the feedback from
the marketplace.
This document identifies a set of fundamental features that describe DSCs, along with their accepted
definitions, measurements, and presentation methods, but it does not define nor specify numerical values
for the features, functions for calculating these values, nor limiting values required for these features.
This document is based on Reference [1] prepared by Camera and Imaging Products Association (CIPA).

v
International Standard ISO 18383:2025(en)
Digital imaging — Specification guideline for digital cameras
1 Scope
This document identifies a set of features that describes digital still cameras (DSCs), and it specifies their
definitions, measurement methods, and presentation methods. This document applies to DSCs designed
and produced for and promoted to general consumers and need not be applied to those DSCs designed and
produced to meet individual and special specifications agreed upon by particular business or industrial
users and the manufacturer.
The presentation methods specified in this document are intended for use as notations on camera bodies,
on product packaging, on promotional materials for advertising and at the point of purchase, in electronic or
printed catalogues and other materials, and in the relevant software.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 516, Camera shutters — Timing — General definition and mechanical shutter measurements
ISO 517, Photography — Apertures and related properties pertaining to photographic lenses — Designations
and measurements
ISO 2720, Photography — General purpose photographic exposure meters (photoelectric type) — Guide to
product specification
ISO 12232, Photography — Digital still cameras — Determination of exposure index, ISO speed ratings, standard
output sensitivity, and recommended exposure index
ISO 12233, Digital cameras — Resolution and spatial frequency responses
ISO 14524, Photography — Electronic still-picture cameras — Methods for measuring opto-electronic conversion
functions (OECFs)
ISO 15739, Photography — Electronic still-picture imaging — Noise measurements
ISO 15781, Photography — Digital still cameras — Measuring shooting time lag, shutter release time lag,
shooting rate, and start-up time lag
ISO 17850, Photography — Digital cameras — Geometric distortion (GD) measurements
ISO 17957, Photography — Digital cameras — Shading measurements
ISO 18844, Photography — Digital cameras — Image flare measurement
ISO 19084, Photography — Digital cameras — Chromatic displacement measurements
ISO 19567-1, Photography — Digital cameras — Texture reproduction measurements
ISO 20087, Photography — Digital still cameras — Battery life measurement
ISO 20954-1, Digital cameras — Measurement method for image stabilization performance — Part 1:
Optical systems
IEC 61747-6:2003, Liquid crystal and solid-state display devices — Part 6: Measuring methods for liquid crystal
modules — Transmissive type
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 General terms relating to products
3.1.1
factory shipping conditions
factory shipping settings
factory shipping values
factory shipping mode
camera settings and parameters as configured by the manufacturer for shipping from the factory
3.1.2
primary notation
notation which describes feature name and value presented solely or most noticeably
3.2 Terms in pixel related specifications (See B.2.1)
3.2.1
35 mm film equivalent focal length
measured focal length of a DSC camera lens multiplied by a normalization factor
Note 1 to entry: This is defined in B.2.1.5.11.
Note 2 to entry: The normalization factor is equal to the ratio of the diagonal length of the picture size used for 35 mm
film photography and the diagonal length of the sensor picture size of the image sensor used in the DSC.
Note 3 to entry: 35 mm film equivalent focal length is an approximation of the film camera focal length that provides
a similar field of view. However, the fields of view can be different even if the values are the same, if the DSC produces
images having an image aspect ratio other than 3:2, or if the two lenses have different geometric distortions, or if
geometric distortion compensation is used.
3.2.2
image area
region of an image sensor in the focal plane that captures the part of the incident image and that corresponds
to the output image data
3.2.3
image compression
process that alters the way digital image data are encoded, to reduce the size of an image file
3.2.4
image data compression ratio
ratio of the size of the compressed image data to the size of the image data that was input to the image
compression (3.2.3) process
3.2.5
image file size
amount of data that comprises one image frame stored by a DSC
Note 1 to entry: This is defined in B.2.1.5.6.

3.2.6
number of effective pixels
number of photoelements included the image area (3.2.2), optionally also including the ring pixel area.
Note 1 to entry: This is defined in B.2.1.5.2
3.2.7
number of output pixels
number of luminance pixels comprising one picture frame which is output by the DSC via a cable or wireless
connection
Note 1 to entry: Horizontal and vertical pixels should be reported separately in this order. (See, B.2.1.5.5).
3.2.8
number of recorded pixels
number of luminance pixels comprising one picture frame stored by the DSC
Note 1 to entry: Horizontal and vertical pixels should be reported separately in this order. (See B.2.1.5.4).
3.2.9
number of total pixels
number of pixels in the image sensor array, including the total number of image
sensor photoelements plus the number of optical black pixels
Note 1 to entry: This is defined in B.2.1.5.3.
3.2.10
output image
image created by a DSC through capture of an optical image by an image sensor followed by processing and
then output through any communication means
3.2.11
pixel
contraction of picture element, smallest geometric unit of information in a digital representation of an
image, corresponding to a single spatial sample
Note 1 to entry: For a single-channel (e.g. monochrome) image, a pixel value can be represented as a single digital
code value.
Note 2 to entry: The number of pixels in a digital image can be arbitrarily increased or decreased by resampling the image.
Note 3 to entry: It is common to also use the term pixel to mean a photoelement on an image sensor, a display element
on an image display, or a printed element on a hardcopy print.
3.2.12
ring pixel
light-sensitive pixels in the image sensor of a DSC, that are outside of, and adjacent to the image area (3.2.2)
and are used for image processing
Note 1 to entry: Examples of image processing are demosaicing, noise reduction, and spatial filtering.
3.2.13
sensor optical format
classification of the sensor picture size of an image sensor
Note 1 to entry: This is defined in B.2.1.5.12.

3.2.14
sensor picture size
horizontal and vertical dimensions of the image area (3.2.2), where it is assumed that no geometric distortion
compensation is used
Note 1 to entry: The sensor picture size gives the nominal physical dimensions of the rectangular image area frame of
a camera. It can be used when calculating an equivalent focal length of the lens.
3.2.15
total number of image sensor photoelements
total number of light-sensitive pixels on the image sensor
4 Definition set of the product specifications of DSCs
4.1 Basic requirements
This document does not mandate the inclusion and reporting of any features but provides a reference on what
presentation methods and written expressions should be used for particular features. The requirements for
the definition, measurement, and presentation of the set of DSC features established in this document are
described below. Note well that the requirements do not specify numerical values for any features that DSCs
shall achieve. There are features included in this document with the paradoxical statement, “This document
does not cover this feature.” These features are commonly found on many cameras. They are included
for completeness and to explicitly recognize that these features are only specified at the discretion of the
manufacturer.
a) When a feature is described on the product, in catalogues, or in other documents, the presentation
method of the feature and its measured values shall comply with the following requirements:
1) Features and their values with factory shipping settings or modes shall be presented as the primary
notation of those features. The primary notation need not include the description of the setting and
measurement conditions. When additional values with different settings are described, they shall
include the details of the settings and measurement conditions.
2) The descriptions of features and their values that are not available through factory shipping
settings shall include the settings or modes that make these features available. Features available
in multiple settings or modes shall be made available with the setting or mode that is assumed to be
the most likely used and shall be presented if they affect the functionality.
3) Features with no default parameters or modes in the factory shipping setting shall be assigned
parameters or modes that are assumed to be the most likely used. They shall be presented if they
affect the functionality.
4) Exceptions to the priority on the factory shipping setting may be given to certain features defined in
4.2. They may be given when the above requirements are redundant or when the descriptions with
the other settings, parameters, or modes give the users more accurate and definitive information.
b) For cameras with interchangeable lenses, the presentation of any features affected by the choice of lens
shall include information that identifies the lens (for instance, the model name of lens, type of lens)
attached to the camera and that produces, requires, or otherwise affects that feature. The choice of the
lens used in the specification of the feature is left to the discretion of the manufacturer.
c) The reported numerical values of features shall be based on measurements using the actual camera
and the standard methods of measurement and calculation. The values designed and verified by the
manufacturer may be used when the feature does not have an established measurement and/or
calculation method.
d) Variations in names and expressions for features in this fundamental set of features, such as customary
names and company-used names, may be used unless
1) the standard explicitly requires a name or an expression;

2) a variation in a name or expression could cause confusion with the name or expression of any other
feature in the set of features in this standard;
3) a variation in a name or an expression could cause a misunderstanding.
e) Specific requirements explicitly stated for any particular feature of this set shall have precedence over
any of these basic requirements.
f) Regardless of the specified number of significant figures for each feature in the definition set, the
number of decimal places may be omitted for integer values in the presentation.
EXAMPLE 4,0 times -> 4 times; 2,0 s -> 2 s; 2,0 m -> 2 m.
4.2 Definitions of specifications
4.2.1 General
Tables 1 to 7 specify the definition, the measurement, and the presentation of a set of fundamental features
of DSCs.
In the documents for individual features developed by ISO or CIPA, detailed ways of indicating specifications
and various characteristics are presented; however, they tend to be too complicated for descriptions in
catalogues and other materials for general consumers. Therefore, Tables 1 to 7 give compact notations for
individual features that are consistent with official standards and are presented with examples of notation.
The following are conventions used in Tables 1 to 7.
a) The notation {xxx} means that xxx may be omitted from the description.
b) The notation [yyy | zzz] means that either yyy or zzz may be used in the description.
c) The word “company” used in the “Specifications (Definitions)” column refers to any supplier of the DSC.
d) The phrase “depress the shutter button” refers to the operation of fully pressing the shutter button as
well as any other general means for starting exposure.

4.2.2 Optical system
Table 1 specifies the definition, the measurement, and the presentation of a set of features for optical
systems.
Table 1 — Definitions of specifications and presentation method for optical system
No. Features Guidelines and requirements for specifications (defi- Remarks
nitions) and presentation
1 available focal Range of the available focal length of the lens, where —  These items are mainly based
length {of the the focal length is the distance along the optical axis be- on B.2.1.5.10.
lens} tween the secondary (back) principal point and the focal
—  For commonly used lenses,
point when the lens is focused at infinity.
field of view can be calculated by
Measurement method: the formula:
—  Shall comply with ISO 517. 2 × arctan[diagonal length of the
sensor picture size /(2 × focal
Presentation method
length of lens)].
—  The value shall be reported in units of millimetres,
and the focal length of the actual product shall be within
+/- 5 % of the reported value.
For DSCs which include a zoom lens, the minimum and
—  maximum focal lengths should be reported, regard-
less of the factory shipping values.
Presentation examples:
—  3,5 mm
—  3,5 {mm} to 10,5 mm
2 available Focal length of a digital camera lens converted into that —  “These items are mainly
{35 mm film} of a 35 mm {film} camera lens based on B.2.1.5.11. (See 3.2.1
equivalent focal also)
Method for converting the focal length of a DSC lens to
length {of the
35 mm {film} equivalent focal length:
lens}
35 mm {film} equivalent focal length = focal length of
DSC lens × [diagonal length of the picture size of 35 mm
film (43,27 mm)]/(diagonal length of the sensor picture
size of the image sensor)
Presentation methods:
—  ”35 mm {film} equivalent” or a term to describe it
shall be used.
—  The value shall be reported in units of millimetres
and may be rounded off (up on 5 and down on 4) to the
nearest whole number or may be rounded with +/-2 %.
Notwithstanding the above provisions, only for the tele-
photo end of the zoom lens, the value may be calculated
as follows: after determining the reported value of the
widest-angle, multiplying the value by the reported value
of the optical zoom magnification.
—  For DSCs with a zoom lens, the range of values
provided by zooming may be listed, or the value of the
widest angle may be listed along with the zoom range,
regardless of the factory shipping setting.
—  When reporting the 35 mm film equivalent focal
length of an interchangeable lens, the sensor picture
size or the model of the DSC used to determine the value
should be identified.
TTabablele 1 1 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
No. Features Guidelines and requirements for specifications (defi- Remarks
nitions) and presentation
3 available aper- Range of available apertures identified by their f-num- —  The reporting of f-numbers
tures {(f-num- bers (f/D), where f is the focal length of the lens and D is for available apertures shall com-
bers)} an available, effective aperture of the lens ply with ISO 517 as outlined to
the left and the items listed under
Presentation methods:
“Presentation methods”.
—  Presenting either the f-number of the fully open
—  A clear or accurate measure-
aperture alone or the range of available f-numbers (for a
ment method in product form
zoom lens) is acceptable.
has not been established for DSCs
—  When presenting a range of available apertures, the
with built-in lens.
f-numbers for both the extreme wide angle of view and
the extreme narrow (telephoto) angle of view shall be re-
ported with the designations “(W)” and “(T)”, respective-
ly. In addition, the minimum f-number for the fully open
aperture across the entire range of angles of view (focal
lengths) shall be reported with the designation “(Min)”.
—  When a neutral density filter has been used with the
aperture, the equivalent f-number(s) may be reported
with the designation “(ND)” or “(ND filter used)”. The
equivalent f-number is the f-number of the aperture
without the neutral density filter, which applies the same
light value as the aperture with the neutral density filter
does.
—  When an f-number is reported that depends upon an
unusual or particular feature of the DSC, the designation
“(DSC-specific)” shall be used with a reporting of the
dependent feature.
Presentation examples:
—  F2.8 (W); F4.8 (T); F5.6 (Min)
—  F2.8 (W); 5,6 (Min); 4,8 (T)
—  F2.8 (W); F5.6 (T) (ND filter used)
4 Zoom [ratio | —  If the camera has only an optical zoom function,
magnification] select description b).
—  If the camera has only a digital zoom function, select
description c).
—  If the camera has both functions, the optical zoom
function shall be reported with higher priority.
—  Regardless of the factory shipping values, available
values of zoom magnification may be reported.
a) Available, maximum combined magnifications of the
optical zoom and the digital zoom
[total | com-
bined] zoom Presentation methods:
[ratio |
—  The optical zoom magnification shall be reported
magnification]
conspicuously.
—  The number of significant digits to be reported shall
be two or more (round the value to the nearest decimal).
—  Regardless of the factory shipping values, available
values of zoom magnification may be reported.
Presentation examples:
—  3× optical zoom (12× total zoom magnification)
—  3× optical zoom (12× total zoom magnification, 4× by
digital zoom)
—  3× optical zoom, 4× by digital zoom (12× total zoom
magnification)
TTabablele 1 1 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
No. Features Guidelines and requirements for specifications (defi- Remarks
nitions) and presentation
b) optical zoom Available ratios of focal length of the lens at the extreme The measured “effective zoom
[ratio | wide angle of view (W) and the extreme narrow (tele- ratio (by the ratio of the size of
magnification] photo) angle of view (T) captured image)” at a measurable
subject distance significantly dif-
Presentation methods:
fers from the real zoom ratio cal-
—  The number of significant digits to be reported shall
culated from the real focal length
be two or more (round the value to the nearest decimal).
for the subject at infinity, that is,
—  The value of the focal length shall be used in the cal-
at an extremely large distance.
culation of optical zoom ratio.
—  Regardless of the factory shipping values, available
values of zoom magnification may be reported.
Presentation examples:
—  3,8×
—  5×
c) digital zoom Available ratios of the length of the diagonal of the sensor
[ratio | picture size without digital zoom to that with full digital
magnification] zoom
Presentation methods:
—  The number of significant digits to be reported shall
be two or more (round the value to the nearest decimal).
—  The term “shooting digital zoom” may be shortened
to “digital zoom” (refer to the feature 60).
—  Regardless of the factory shipping values, available
values of zoom magnification may be reported.
Presentation examples:
—  3,5×
—  5×
5 [focus | shoot- Subject distance at which shooting results in an
ing] [range | in-focus image of the subject
distance]
The shortest shooting distance means the smallest
subject distance that results in an in-focus image of the
subject.
The distance from the front surface of the lens or the
distance from the effective image area of the image
sensor shall be used. The manufacture may select either
of the two distance, and which distance is selected shall
be presented.
Presentation methods:
—  For the AF mode, report the subject distances for
which the AF function works, and for the MF mode,
report the subject distances for which an in-focus image
can manually be obtained at the most open aperture.
—  If the longest shooting distance is infinity, only the
shortest shooting distance need be reported.
—  Regardless of the factory shipping values, available
subject distance may be reported. The shooting mode
(for example, macro mode) and/or the shooting condi-
tions (for example, maximum wide-angle) that achieve
the available subject distance shall be reported.

TTabablele 1 1 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
No. Features Guidelines and requirements for specifications (defi- Remarks
nitions) and presentation
—  The conditions for the f-number of the lens are not
specified, i.e. the shooting distance of any f-number can
be reported.
—  The number of significant digits to be reported
should be one or more for less than 1 m distance and two
or more for 1 m or longer distance (round the value to
the nearest decimal).
Presentation examples:
—  50 cm to ∞ (W); 1,5 m to ∞ (T) (from lens surface)
—  Shortest shooting distance 50 cm (W); 1,5 m (T)
(from lens front)
—  0,5 m to ∞ (W-end); 1,5 m to ∞ (T-end) (from effec-
tive image area)
—  1 {cm} to 50 cm (W) (from lens surface when in
macro mode)
6 lens [construc- The number of components, for instance, lenses, ele-
tion | ments, or groups of lenses, in a compound lens
configuration]
Presentation method:
Manufacturers may use any expression (conventional
or otherwise) to describe their lens construction and
configuration.
Presentation examples:
—  14 elements in 10 groups (3 aspherical lenses, 1 low
dispersion lens)
—  7 elements in 6 groups (1 double-side aspherical lens,
1 set of cemented lens)
4.2.3 Camera control system
Table 2 specifies the definition, the measurement, and the presentation of a set of features for camera control
systems.
Table 2 — Definitions of specifications and presentation method for camera control system
No. Features Guidelines and requirements for specifications (defi- Remarks
nitions) and presentation
7 shutter type Type of shutter mechanism
Presentation method:
The common expressions or designations of the relevant
company may be used.
Presentation examples:
—  Electronic system along with the mechanical shutter
—  Focal-plane shutter
8 available shutter Range of available shutter speeds {(exposure times)} The reporting of available
speeds {(expo- shutter speed shall comply with
Presentation methods:
sure times)} ISO 516 as outlined to the left and
—  Available shutter speeds shall be reported in sec-
the items listed under “Presenta-
onds.
tion methods”.
—  Shutter speeds produced by any mode other than by
the factory setting mode may be reported along with the
shutter speeds with the factory setting mode. If the case,
they shall include a designation of that particular mode.
—  The whole available shutter speeds may be reported
along with the shutter speeds with the factory setting
mode. If the case, a note that describes they are whole
shutter speeds with all the available settings shall be
presented.
Shutter speed display values are specified as follows. Since ISO 516 does not specify
any presentation method other
—  TV values -5 to 23 are specified in Table B.4 in
than 1 step value, CIPA DCG-008
B.3.1.2.
provides the details.
—  TV values 23 or higher are specified by the formula
CIPA DCG-008 is listed in B.3.1
given later.
These items are an outline of the
—  Times longer than TV-5 are not specified.
materials in B.3.1.
In the case of shutter speeds for which the TV value is an
integer, shutter speeds shall be indicated by numerical
values specified to TV ±0 in Table B.4 or numerical values
that are calculated by the formula described later.
In the case of shutter speeds for which the TV value is

TTabablele 2 2 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
No. Features Guidelines and requirements for specifications (defi- Remarks
nitions) and presentation
not an integer and that are indicated by an integer ±1/3
or an integer +1/2, shutter speeds should be indicated by
numerical values specified to TV-1/3, TV+1/3 or TV+1/2
in Table B.4 or numerical values that are calculated by
the formula described later.
Either of the numerical values may be used for shutter
speed display values for which multiple numerical values
are given in Table B.4.
Example: Either of “0.5” or “1/2” may be used as the shut-
ter speed display value of TV = 1.
When performing indication with the numerator omitted
(e.g. “1/4” indicated as “4”), the indication can sometimes
be confused with shutter speed display values longer
than one second, and so confusion should be avoided by,
for example, changing the indication color (same as ISO
516 provisions).
Abbreviated indication may be used for numerical values
having many digits. For details on abbreviated indica-
tion, see B.3.1.3.
The formulas described in B.3.1.4 are used to calculate
faster shutter speed display values outside the ranges in
Table B.4.
Presentation examples:
—  1 {second} to 1/2 000 second, 15 {seconds} to 1 s
(long shutter mode)
—  1/2 000 {second} to 8 seconds (automatic),
60 seconds at maximum (bulb mode)
—  1 {second} to 1/1 500 second (automatic mode),
15 {second} to 1/1 500 second (throughout all shooting
modes)
9 [light | expo- Metering system and modes of exposure control
sure] metering
Presentation methods:
[system | mode]
—  The customary expressions or designations of the
relevant company may be used, as long as such expres-
sions or designations are defined in either a published
standard or in the literature supplied by the company
and shipped with the DSC.
—  Regardless of the factory shipping conditions, any
metering system and modes used for available exposure
control may be reported.
Presentation examples:
—  TTL open-aperture metering
—  Centre-weighted metering
—  Spot metering
—  Multiple pattern metering
—  Evaluative metering
10 available ex- Available exposure control system and modes
posure [mode |
Presentation methods:
control]
—  The common expressions or designations of the
relevant company may be used, as long as such expres-
sions or designations are defined in either a published
standard or in the literature supplied by the company
and shipped with the DSC.
TTabablele 2 2 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
No. Features Guidelines and requirements for specifications (defi- Remarks
nitions) and presentation
—  A description of this feature may be included in the
feature 16 “shooting mode”.
—  Any available systems and modes of exposure control
may be reported in addition to the factory shipping
mode.
Presentation examples:
—  Program AE
—  Shutter (speed) priority AE
—  Aperture priority AE
—  Manual exposure
11 range of avail- Range of subject brightness (luminance) that allows the The definition of what consti-
able effective user to shoot practically exposed image without using a tutes a “practical exposure” is left
subject bright- flash to the discretion of the manufac-
ness values turer.
The brightness value is the binary logarithm of a lumi-
nance representative of the scene, B, multiplied by a
standard exposure time t of one second and divided by
o
−2
an exposure meter constant K in the range 10,6 cd s m
s
to 13,4 based on information in ISO 2720.
BV = log (B t /K )
2 o s
Presentation methods:
—  The minimum and maximum luminances opera-
tionally available and the available increment(s) that
determine intermediate adjustments shall be reported as
brightness values with the prefix “BV”.
—  The DSC shall be set to the factory shipping condi-
tions with flash trigger prohibited. If it is not possible to
prohibit the flash from being triggered, the value should
be evaluated with the subject at a distance that is too far
for the flash beam to reach the subject.
—  The available range values may be reported together
or in primacy to the value with the factory setting mode.
The available range of values shall present a note that
describes they are combined values with all the available
settings.
—  If any value available in modes other than the factory
shipping mode is also reported, the shooting mode to
which the value applies shall also be reported.
Presentation example:
—  BV3 to 13 (W), BV4 to 14 (T)
12 range of avail- Range of exposures controllable by available settings
able exposure available of the lens aperture and of the shutter speed
settings
Presentation methods:
—  The extreme values of the available exposure set-
tings (values) shall be reported as a sum of the binary
logarithm of an f-number of the aperture and the binary
logarithm of a shutter speed expressed in seconds;
EV = AV + TV
AV = log (f-number)
TV = log (t /t)
2 0
= -log (exposure time)
Where t is the shutter speed expressed in seconds (=
exposure time), t is the nominal shutter speed: one-sec-
ond, which cancels the units of time (seconds) of the
shutter speed expressed in seconds.

TTabablele 2 2 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
No. Features Guidelines and requirements for specifications (defi- Remarks
nitions) and presentation
—  The available range values may be reported together
or in primacy to the value with the factory setting mode.
The available range values shall present a note that
describes they are combined values with all the available
settings.
—  When exposure settings (values) produced by modes
other than the factory shipping mode, are reported, the
modes that produce those values shall also be reported.
Presentation examples:
—  EV 6 to 16 (W), EV 7 to 17 (T)
—  EV 3 to 17 (W), EV 4 to 18 (T) (shooting mode: P)
13 exposure com- Available range and step size of the exposure compensa-
pensation tion feature
Presentation methods:
—  The range of steps shall be reported as ± followed by
the magnitude of the range in stops (powers of two) and
followed by “stops” or “EV”.
—  The step size shall be in stops followed by “stop” or
“EV” and the word “steps” all enclosed in parentheses.
—  When the DSC is not equipped with exposure com-
pensation, the value shall be reported as “none” or as “0”.
Presentation examples:
—  ±2 stops (1/3 stop steps)
—  ±2 EV (1/3 EV steps)
14 focus [system | Available system and modes of focus control
mode | type]
Presentation methods:
—  The common expressions or designations of the
relevant company may be used, as long as such expres-
sions or designations are defined in either a published
standard or in the literature supplied by the company
and shipped with the DSC.
—  Regardless of the factory shipping conditions, any
available system and modes of focus control may be
reported.
Presentation examples:
—  Central one-point AF
—  Multiple point AF (9 points)
—  9-points AF
—  Manual focusing
—  One-shot AF
—  TTL phase difference detection system (Manual
focusing, One-shot AF, Continuous AF)

TTabablele 2 2 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
No. Features Guidelines and requirements for specifications (defi- Remarks
nitions) and presentation
15 white balance Available modes that control multiple DSC settings
[system | mode | whose values are generally used to capture scenes in a
control] particular type of light
Presentation methods:
—  The names of any modes placed on the DSC by the
manufacturer shall be used, as long as such expressions
or designations are defined in either a published stand-
ard or in the literature supplied by the company and
shipped with the DSC.
—  An explanation of any listed mode may be included.
Presentation examples:
—  Auto, Fine, Cloudy, Fluorescent, Incandescent, Flash,
Set mode, Manual
—  Pre-set (Sunlight, Cloudy, Fluorescent,
Incandescent, Flash)
16 [scene | shoot- Available modes that control multiple DSC settings May be broadly interpreted to
ing] whose values are generally used to capture a type of mean exposure control mode.
[mode | con- scene
trols]
Presentation methods:
—  The names of any modes placed on the DSC by the
manufacturer shall be used, as long as such expressions
or designations are defined in either a published stand-
ard or in the literature supplied by the company and
shipped with the DSC.
—  An explanation of any listed mode may be included.
Presentation example:
—  Normal, Easy shooting, Macro, Portrait, Sports,
Nightscape, Night-scene portrait, Fireworks, Snow, Star-
ry sky
17 blur suppression Function to supp
...