ISO/IEC 22275:2018

Information technology - Programming languages, their environments, and system software interfaces - ECMAScript® Specification Suite

This International Standard defines the ECMAScript Specification Suite containing the ECMAScript programming language and its required and optional built-in libraries. It defines all the necessary components (both normative and informative) that is needed to implement this suite of standards. This suite does not change if one or more components are updated by a new standard edition. The Suite changes only when new components are added and / or old components are removed from it.

Technologies de l'information — Langages de programmation, leur environnement et interfaces des logiciels de systèmes — Suite de spécifications ECMAScript®

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 08-May-2018
• ICS: 35.060 - Languages used in information technology
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1 - Information technology
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1 - Information technology
• Current Stage: 9093 - International Standard confirmed
• Start Date: 10-May-2025
• Completion Date: 30-Oct-2025

Relations

• Revises: ISO/IEC 16262:2011 - Information technology - Programming languages, their environments and system software interfaces - ECMAScript language specification
• Effective Date: 18-Feb-2017

Overview

ISO/IEC 22275:2018 defines the ECMAScript Specification Suite, a consolidated set of standards that together specify the ECMAScript programming language, its required and optional built-in libraries, and related components. The Suite aggregates normative and informative references (rather than embedding full text) so that the Suite only changes when components are added or removed. This approach supports consistent implementations and stable conformance expectations across web browsers, server runtimes and other ECMAScript environments.

Why this standard matters:

• Establishes a clear collection of documents that constitute the ECMAScript Specification Suite
• Ensures implementers target the correct language and library specifications
• Supports portability, interoperability and predictable behavior across environments

Key Topics

• ECMAScript language core: The Suite relies on the ECMA-262 language specification to define syntax, semantics and the execution environment for ECMAScript programs.
• Built-in libraries: Required and optional libraries are part of the Suite. Implementations must conform to ECMA-262 for the required library and may include optional libraries such as the internationalization API.
• Internationalization (i18n): Where included, the ECMAScript Internationalization API (ECMA-402) is the optional library for adapting programs to linguistic and cultural conventions.
• JSON interchange: The Suite references ISO/IEC 21778 (adoption of ECMA-404) for the JSON data interchange syntax, ensuring data portability between systems.
• Test support: ECMA TR/104 (ECMAScript Test Suite) provides non-normative tests to help verify conformance of implementations.

Applications

The ECMAScript Specification Suite is directly applicable to implementers, tool vendors and organizations that rely on ECMAScript-based technologies:

• Web browsers and browser engine developers ensuring ECMAScript behavior parity
• Server-side JavaScript platforms and runtimes seeking standard conformance
• Embedded scripting environments (IoT, devices) that implement ECMAScript
• Library authors and framework maintainers ensuring compatibility with language and built-in APIs
• Internationalized applications that depend on consistent locale-sensitive behavior

Adopting the Suite helps teams reduce interoperability issues, speed cross-platform development, and rely on a stable set of referenced specifications.

Related Standards

• ECMA-262 - ECMAScript Language Specification (core language and required library)
• ECMA-402 - ECMAScript Internationalization API Specification (optional)
• ISO/IEC 21778 - The JSON data interchange syntax (adoption of ECMA-404)
• ECMA TR/104 - ECMAScript Test Suite (non-normative test resources)

For implementers and QA teams, ISO/IEC 22275:2018 provides a practical reference to the components that collectively define ECMAScript behavior, enabling reliable, interoperable JavaScript ecosystems.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 22275
First edition
2018-05
Information technology —
Programming languages, their
environments, and system software
interfaces — ECMAScript®
Specification Suite
Technologies de l'information — Langages de programmation, leur
environnement et interfaces des logiciels de systèmes — Suite de
spécifications ECMAScript®
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2018
© ISO/IEC 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2018 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 ECMAScript . 1 ®
4.1 ECMA-262, ECMAScript Language Specification . 2 ®
4.2 ECMA-402, ECMAScript Internationalization API Specification . 2
4.3 ISO/IEC 21778, The JSON data interchange syntax . 2
5 ECMAScript Test Suite . 2
Bibliography . 3
© ISO/IEC 2018 – All rights reserved iii

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee,
ISO/IEC JTC 1.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
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For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This first edition of ISO/IEC 22275 was prepared by Ecma International (as ECMA-414) and was
adopted, un
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