ISO 4892-4:2004

Plastics — Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 4: Open-flame carbon-arc lamps

ISO 4892-4:2004 specifies methods for exposing specimens to open-flame carbon-arc lamps in the presence of moisture to reproduce the weathering effects that occur when materials are exposed in actual end-use environments in daylight or daylight filtered through window glass. The specimens are exposed to filtered open-flame carbon-arc light under controlled environmental conditions (temperature, moisture). Various filters are described.

Plastiques — Méthodes d'exposition à des sources lumineuses de laboratoire — Partie 4: Lampes à arc au carbone

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 06-Sep-2004
• Withdrawal Date: 06-Sep-2004
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 61/SC 6 - Ageing, chemical and environmental resistance
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 61/SC 6/WG 2 - Exposure to light
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Completion Date: 05-Aug-2013

Relations

• Revised: ISO 4892-4:2013 - Plastics — Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 4: Open-flame carbon-arc lamps
• Effective Date: 09-Mar-2013
• Revises: ISO 4892-4:1994 - Plastics — Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 4: Open-flame carbon-arc lamps
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4892-4
Second edition
2004-09-01
Plastics — Methods of exposure to
laboratory light sources —
Part 4:
Open-flame carbon-arc lamps
Plastiques — Méthodes d'exposition à des sources lumineuses de
laboratoire —
Partie 4: Lampes à arc au carbone

Reference number
ISO 4892-4:2004(E)
©
ISO 2004

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ISO 4892-4:2004(E)
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ISO 4892-4:2004(E)
Contents Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Principle . 1
4 Apparatus . 2
5 Test specimens . 5
6 Test conditions . 5
7 Procedure . 6
8 Exposure report . 7
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ISO 4892-4:2004(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 4892-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 6, Ageing, chemical
and environmental resistance.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4892-4:1994), which has been technically
revised.
ISO 4892 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics — Methods of exposure to laboratory
light sources:
— Part 1: General guidance
— Part 2: Xenon-arc sources
— Part 3: Fluorescent UV lamps
— Part 4: Open-flame carbon-arc lamps
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4892-4:2004(E)
Plastics — Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources —
Part 4:
Open-flame carbon-arc lamps
1Scope
This part of ISO 4892 specifies methods for exposing specimens to open-flame carbon-arc lamps in the
presence of moisture to reproduce the weathering effects that occur when materials are exposed in actual
end-use environments in daylight or daylight filtered through window glass.
The specimens are exposed to filtered open-flame carbon-arc light under controlled environmental conditions
(temperature, moisture). Various filters are described.
Specimen preparation and evaluation of the results are covered in other International Standards for specific
materials.
General guidance is given in ISO 4892-1.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4582, Plastics — Determination of changes in colour and variations in properties after exposure to daylight
under glass, natural weathering or laboratory light sources
ISO 4892-1:1999, Plastics — Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 1: General guidance
CIE Publication No. 85:1989, Solar spectral irradiance
3 Principle
3.1 Specimens of the materials to be tested are exposed to glass-filtered open-flame carbon-arc light, to heat
and to moisture continuously or in repetitive cycles.
3.2 The exposure conditions may be varied by selection of:
a) the light filter;
b) the type of exposure to moisture/humidity;
c) the length of exposure to light and moisture/humidity;
d) the temperature of the exposure;
e) the relative lengths of the light and dark periods.
The effect of moisture is usually produced by controlling the humidity of the air or by spraying the test
specimens with demineralized/deionized water or by condensation of water vapour onto the surfaces of the
specimens.
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ISO 4892-4:2004(E)
3.3 The procedure may include measurements of the irradiance and radiant exposure at the surface of the
specimens.
3.4 It is recommended that a similar material of known behaviour (a control) be exposed simultaneously with
the test specimens to provide a reference standard for comparative purposes.
3.5 Intercomparison of results obtained from specimens exposed in different apparatus should not be made
unless an appropriate statistical relationship has been established between the devices for the particular
material tested.
4 Apparatus
4.1 Laboratory light source
4.1.1 Open-flame carbon-arc light sources typically use three or four pairs of carbon rods which contain a
mixture of rare-earth metal salts and have a surface coating of a metal such as copper. An electric current is
passed between the carbon rods which burn, giving off ultraviolet, visible and infrared radiation. The pairs of
carbon rods are burned in sequence, with one pair burning at any one time. Use the carbon rods recommended
by the manufacturer of the apparatus. The radiation reaching the specimens passes through glass filters. Three
types of glass filter are used in practice. Tables 1 and 2 show the typical relative spectral power distribution for
open-flame carbon-arc lamps with daylight and window-glass filters, respectively. When extended-UV filters are
used, the relative spectral power distribution shall meet the requirements of Table 3.
4.1.2 Spectral irradiance of open-flame carbon-arc lamps with daylight filters (type 1): The data in
Table 1 are typical of an open-flame carbon-arc lamp with glass filters used to simulate daylight (see CIE
Publication No. 85:1989, Table 4).
Table 1 — Typical ultraviolet spectral power distribution for open-flame carbon-arc lamps with daylight
a,b
filters (type 1)
Typical distribution for open-flame
d,e
Spectral passband carbon-arc lamp with daylight CIE No. 85:1989, Table 4
c
filters
(λ= wavelength in nm) %%
λ< 290 0,05
290�λ� 320 2,9 5,4
320<λ� 360 20,5 38,2
360<λ� 400 76,6 56,4
a
This table gives the irradiance in the given passband, expressed as a percentage of the total irradiance between 290 nm and 400 nm.
To determine the relative spectral power distribution for a specific daylight filter or set of filters for an open-flame carbon-arc lamp, the
spectral power distribution must be measured from 250 nm to 400 nm. Typically, this is done in 2 nm increments. The total irradiance in
each passband is then summed and divided by the total irradiance between 290 nm and 400 nm.
b
The table gives typical data for an open-flame carbon-arc lamp with borosilicate-glass daylight filters. There is currently not enough data
available to develop a specification for the open-flame carbon-arc lamp with a daylight filter.
c
For any individual spectral power distribution, the calculated percentages for the passbands in this table will sum to 100 %.
d
The data from Table 4 in CIE Publication No. 85:1989 are the global solar irradiance on a horizontal surface for an air mass of 1,0, an
ozone column of 0,34 cm at STP, 1,42 cm of precipitable water vapour and a spectral optical depth of aerosol extinction of 0,1 at 500 nm.
These data are provided for comparison purposes only.
e
For the solar spectrum represented by Table 4 in CIE No. 85:1989, the UV irradiance (290 nm to 400 nm) is 11 % and the visible
irradiance (400 nm to 800 nm) is 89 %, expressed as a percentage of the total irradiance from 290 nm to 800 nm.
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ISO 4892-4:2004(E)
Table 2 — Typical ultraviolet spectral power distribution for open-flame carbon-arc lamps
a,b
with window-glass filters (type 2)
Typical distribution for open-flame
CIE No. 85:1989, Table 4
Spectral passband carbon-arc lamp
d,e
plus effect of window glass
c
with window-glass filters
(λ= wavelength in nm) %%
λ< 300 0,0
300�λ� 320 0,3 � 1
320<λ� 360 18,7 33,1
360<λ� 400 81,0 66,0
a
This table gives the typical irradiance in the given passband, expressed as a percentage of the total irradiance between 290 nm and
400 nm. To determine the irradiance in each passband for an open-flame carbon-arc lamp with a specific set of window-glass filters, the
spectral power distribution must be measured from 250 nm to 400 nm. Typically, this is done in 2 nm increments. The total irradiance in
each passband is then summed and divided by the total irradiance between 290 nm and 400 nm.
b
The table gives typical data for an open-flame carbon-arc lamp with window-glass filters. There is currently not enough data available to
develop a specification for the spectral power distribution.
c
For any individual spectral power distribution, the calculated percentages for the passbands in this table will sum to 100 %. Contact the
manufacturer of the carbon-arc apparatus for the spectral power distribution data for the particular carbon arcs and window-glass filters
used.
d
The data from Table 4 in CIE No. 85:1989 plus the effect of window glass was determined by multiplying the CIE No. 85:1989, Table 4,
data by the upper and lower transmission ranges typical for window glass used in the USA and Europe. These data are provided for
comparison purposes only.
e
For the CIE No. 85:1989 plus window glass data, the UV irradiance between 300 nm and 400 nm ranges from 7,7 % to 10,6 % and the
visible radiation ranges from 89,4 % to 92,3 %, expressed as a percentage of the total irradiance between 300 nm and 800 nm.
Table 3 — Ultraviolet spectral power distribution for open-flame carbon-arc lamps
a,b
with extended-UV filters (type 3)
c c d,e
Spectral passband Minimum Maximum CIE No. 85:1989, Table 4
(λ= wavelength in nm) %% %
λ< 290 4,9
290�λ� 320 2,3 6,7 5,4
320<λ� 360 16,4
...