ISO/IEC 25434:2008

Information technology - Data interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm optical disk using +R DL format - Capacity: 8,55 Gbytes and 2,66 Gbytes per side (recording speed up to 16X)

ISO/IEC 25434:2008 specifies the mechanical, physical and optical characteristics of 120 mm recordable optical disks with capacities of 8,55 Gbytes and 17,1 Gbytes. It specifies the quality of the recorded and unrecorded signals, the format of the data and the recording method, thereby allowing for information interchange by means of such disks. The data can be written once and read many times using a non-reversible method. These disks are identified as +R DL. ISO/IEC 25434:2008 also specifies 80 mm disks with capacities of 2,66 Gbytes and 5,32 Gbytes. These disks have the same characteristics as the 120 mm disks, except for some parameters related to the smaller dimensions. All parameters unique for the 80 mm disks are specified in an annex. ISO/IEC 25434:2008 specifies the following: two related but different Types of this disk; the conditions for conformance; the environments in which the disk is to be tested, operated and stored; the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the disk, so as to provide mechanical interchange between data processing systems; the format of the information on the disk, including the physical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the error correcting codes and the coding method; the characteristics of the signals recorded on the disk, thus enabling data processing systems to read the data from the disk. ISO/IEC 25434:2008 provides for the interchange of disks between optical disk drives. Together with a standard for volume and file structure, it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems.

Technologies de l'information — Échange de données sur disque optique de 120 mm et 80 mm utilisant le format +R DL — Capacité: 8,55 Go et 2,66 Go par face (vitesse d'enregistrement inférieure ou égale à 16X)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 24-Nov-2008
• ICS: 35.220.30 - Optical storage devices
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 23 - Digitally recorded media for information interchange and storage
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 23 - Digitally recorded media for information interchange and storage
• Current Stage: 9060 - Close of review
• Completion Date: 04-Jun-2030

Relations

• Revises: ISO/IEC 25434:2007 - Information technology - Data interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm optical disk using +R DL format - Capacity: 8,55 Gbytes and 2,66 Gbytes per side (recording speed up to 8x)
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2008

Overview

ISO/IEC 25434:2008 defines the mechanical, physical and optical characteristics for recordable +R DL optical disks (write-once, read-many) sized 120 mm and 80 mm. The standard covers disks with capacities of 8.55 Gbytes and 2.66 Gbytes per side (full-disc capacities include dual-side variants) and supports recording speeds up to 16X. ISO/IEC 25434:2008 enables reliable data interchange between optical disk drives by specifying signal quality, data format, recording methods and conformance conditions for +R DL media.

Key Topics

• Media types and capacities: Defines two related Types of +R DL disks for 120 mm and 80 mm form factors and their per-side capacities.
• Mechanical and dimensional requirements: Detailed dimensions, clamping zones, mass, moment of inertia, axial/radial runout and tolerances to ensure mechanical interchange between systems.
• Optical and physical characteristics: Substrate thickness, refractive index, reflectivity, birefringence and optical beam/read-channel requirements for reliable reading of recorded signals.
• Data format and recording: Physical layout of tracks and sectors, data frames, ECC blocks, modulation, NRZI conversion and recording frames required for interoperable data storage.
• Signal and servo characteristics: Reference drive definitions, read channels, wobble/tracking channels and normalized servo transfer functions to ensure consistent read/write behavior.
• Conformance and environmental conditions: Test, operating, storage and transportation environments; conformance criteria for optical disks, generating systems and receiving systems.
• Disc addressing and metadata: Includes ADIP (address-in-pre-groove) and physical format information to support addressing and disk identity.

Applications

ISO/IEC 25434:2008 is used by:

• Optical media manufacturers to design and produce compliant +R DL discs.
• Drive and firmware engineers to implement compatible read/write mechanisms and servo systems.
• Test labs and QA teams for conformance testing, environmental qualification and interoperability validation.
• Organizations exchanging large data sets on optical media (archival backups, content distribution, offline data transfer) that require standardized, readable media across systems.
• Systems integrators and preservation specialists building long-term storage or distribution workflows relying on write-once optical media.

Related standards

ISO/IEC 25434:2008 is intended to be used in combination with a volume and file-structure standard to provide full data interchange between data processing systems. When implementing +R DL media solutions, pair ISO/IEC 25434:2008 with appropriate file-system and application-level standards to ensure end-to-end interoperability.

Keywords: ISO/IEC 25434:2008, +R DL, optical disk, 120 mm, 80 mm, 8.55 Gbytes, 2.66 Gbytes, data interchange, recordable optical media, 16X recording.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 25434
Third edition
2008-12-15
Information technology — Data
interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm
optical disk using +R DL format —
Capacity: 8,55 Gbytes and 2,66 Gbytes
per side (recording speed up to 16X)
Technologies de l'information — Échange de données sur disque
optique de 120 mm et 80 mm utilisant le format +R DL —
Capacité: 8,55 Go et 2,66 Go par face (vitesse d'enregistrement
inférieure ou égale à 16X)
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2008
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©  ISO/IEC 2008
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
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ii © ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .viii
Introduction.ix
1 Scope.1
2 Conformance .1
2.1 Optical Disk.1
2.2 Generating system .1
2.3 Receiving system .2
2.4 Compatibility statement.2
3 Normative references.2
4 Terms and definitions .2
5 Conventions and notations .5
5.1 Representation of numbers.5
5.2 Names.5
6 Abbreviated terms .6
7 General description of the optical disk .6
8 General Requirements .7
8.1 Environments.7
8.1.1 Test environment.7
8.1.2 Operating environment.8
8.1.3 Storage environment.8
8.1.4 Transportation .8
8.2 Safety requirements.8
8.3 Flammability.8
8.4 Light fastness .8
9 Reference Drive .9
9.1 Optical system .9
9.2 Optical beam .9
9.3 Read channel 1 .10
9.4 Disk clamping .10
9.5 Rotation of the disk .11
9.6 Wobble channel (Read channel 2) .11
9.7 Tracking channel (Read channel 2) .11
9.8 Reference servo systems .11
9.8.1 Normalized servo transfer function.11
9.8.2 Reference Servo for Axial Tracking.12
9.8.3 Reference Servo for Radial Tracking .13
10 Dimensional characteristics.14
10.1 Reference Planes.15
10.2 Overall dimensions .16
10.3 First transition area .16
10.4 Second transition area.17
10.5 Clamping Zone.17
10.6 Third transition area.17
10.7 Information Zone .17
10.7.1 Sub-division of the Information Zone.18
10.7.2 Track mode .19
10.8 Rim area.19
10.9 Remark on tolerances.19
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved iii

11 Mechanical characteristics .19
11.1 Mass .19
11.2 Moment of inertia.19
11.3 Dynamic imbalance .19
11.4 Axial runout.19
11.4.1 Tracking requirements at the Reference velocity (CLV).20
11.4.2 Tracking requirements at 3 000 RPM (CAV).20
11.5 Radial runout.20
11.5.1 Tracking requirements at the Reference velocity (CLV).20
11.5.2 Tracking requirements at 3 000 RPM (CAV).21
12 Optical characteristics in the Information Zone .21
12.1 Index of refraction.21
12.2 Thickness of the substrate .22
12.3 Reflectivity.22
12.4 Birefringence.22
12.5 Angular deviation.22
13 Data format .24
13.1 Data Frames .24
13.1.1 Identification Data (ID).24
13.1.2 ID Error Detection Code (IED).25
13.1.3 RSV.26
13.1.4 Error Detection Code (EDC).26
13.2 Scrambled Frames.26
13.3 ECC Blocks.27
13.4 Recording Frames .28
13.5 Modulation and NRZI conversion.29
13.6 Physical Sectors .30
13.7 Layout of a Recording UNit (RUN) .31
13.7.1 Recording Unit position .32
13.8 d.c. component suppression control .32
14 Track format .33
14.1 Track shape .33
14.2 Track path.34
14.3 Track pitch.34
14.4 Track layout.34
14.4.1 ADIP information.34
14.4.2 Physical format information in ADIP .37
15 General description of the Information Zone.66
16 Layout of the Information Zone of a Single-session disk .67
16.1 Usage of the Data Zone.68
16.1.1 Additional Testing Zone on Layer 1 (optional) .69
16.2 Physical Sector Numbers (PSNs).70
17 Inner Drive Areas .71
17.1 Initial Zone / Final Zone.71
17.2 Inner Disk Test Zones .72
17.3 Count Zone Run-in / Dummy Zone.72
17.4 Inner Disk Count Zones .72
17.5 Inner Disk Administration Zone .72
17.6 Table of Contents (TOC) Zone.73
17.6.1 Table of Contents Blocks.73
17.6.2 Recorded Area Indicators (optional).77
18 Lead-in Zone.78
18.1 Guard Zone 1.79
18.2 Reserved Zone 1 .79
18.3 Reserved Zone 2 .79
18.4 Inner Disk Identification Zone .79
iv © ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved

18.5 Reserved Zone 3.79
18.6 Reference Code Zone.80
18.7 Buffer Zone 1 .80
18.8 Control Data Zone .80
18.8.1 Physical format information.80
18.8.2 Disk manufacturing information .83
18.8.3 Content provider information.83
18.9 Buffer Zone 2 .83
19 Data Zone .83
20 Middle Zones.83
20.1 Buffer Zones 3 .85
20.2 Reserved Zones.85
20.3 Guard Zones 2 .85
21 Outer Drive Areas .85
21.1 Outer Disk Administration Zones .85
21.2 Outer Disk Count Zones .86
21.3 Dummy Zone / Count Zone Run-in .87
21.4 Outer Disk Test Zone .87
21.5 Guard Zones 3 .87
22 Lead-out Zone.87
22.1 Lead-out Zone at finalization.87
22.2 Lead-out Zone at closing of first Session.88
23 Multi-session Layout.89
23.1 Intro.90
23.1.1 Buffer Zone A.90
23.1.2 Inner Session Identification Zone.90
23.1.3 Session Control Data Zone.90
23.1.4 Buffer Zone B.90
23.2 Data Zone .90
23.3 Closure .90
23.3.1 Buffer Zone C.90
23.3.2 Outer Session Identification Zone .90
24 Sequential recording in Fragments .91
24.1 Opening a Session .91
24.1.1 Incomplete Fragment .91
24.1.2 Reserved Fragments .91
24.1.3 Recording User Data in Fragments .92
24.1.4 Closing a Fragment .92
24.2 Closing a Session.93
24.2.1 Lead-in/Intro Zone .93
24.2.2 Closure Zone.94
24.3 Finalizing the disk .94
25 Assignment of Logical Sector Numbers (LSNs) .94
26 Disk Control Blocks .94
26.1 General format of Disk Control Blocks .94
26.2 Format of the Session DCB (SDCB) .96
26.2.1 Session Items .98
27 General .100
28 Method of testing.100
28.1 Environment.100
28.2 Reference Drive .100
28.2.1 Optics and mechanics .100
28.2.2 Read power .101
28.2.3 Read channels .101
28.2.4 Tracking.101
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved v

28.3 Definition of signals.101
29 Characteristics of the groove signals .102
29.1 Phase depth.102
29.2 Push-pull signal .102
29.3 Track Cross signal.102
29.4 Normalized wobble signal.102
29.5 Characteristics of the wobble.103
30 Method of testing.103
30.1 Environment.103
30.2 Reference Drive.103
30.2.1 Optics and mechanics.103
30.2.2 Read power.103
30.2.3 Read channels.104
30.2.4 Tracking .104
30.2.5 Scanning velocity .104
30.3 Write conditions.104
30.3.1 Write pulse waveform.104
30.3.2 Write power .105
30.3.3 Write power dependency on wavelength.105
30.3.4 Write power window .106
30.3.5 Write power shift for layer L1 due to recording on layer L0 .107
30.4 Measurement conditions .107
31 Characteristics of the recorded signals .107
31.1 Channel bit length.107
31.2 Definition of signals.107
31.2.1 High frequency signals (HF).107
31.2.2 Modulated amplitude.108
31.2.3 Signal asymmetry .108
31.2.4 Normalized Slicing Level jump.108
31.2.5 Jitter .109
31.2.6 Track Cross signal.109
31.3 Read stability.109
32 Additional testing conditions .109
32.1 Test environment.109
32.1.1 Optics.109
32.2 Definition of signals.110
32.2.1 Modulated amplitude.110
32.2.2 Signal asymmetry .110
32.2.3 Jitter .110
32.2.4 Track Cross signal.110
32.2.5 Differential phase tracking error signal.111
32.2.6 Tangential push-pull signal .112
33 Quality of the recording layer.112
33.1 Defects .112
33.2 Data errors.112
34 Method of testing.113
34.1 Environment.113
34.2 Reference Drive.113
34.2.1 Optics and mechanics.113
34.2.2 Read power.113
34.2.3 Read channels.113
34.2.4 Error correction.114
34.2.5 Tracking .114
35 Minimum quality of a Recording Unit .114
35.1 Tracking .114
35.2 User-written data.114
vi © ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved

Annex A (normative) 80 mm +R DL disk.115
Annex B (normative) Structure for Extended format information in the Data Zone .119
Annex C (normative) Measurement of light reflectivity .122
Annex D (normative) Measurement of birefringence .124
Annex E (normative) Measuring conditions for operation signals.127
Annex F (normative) Measurement of the differential phase tracking error .130
Annex G (normative) The write pulse wave form for testing.134
Annex H (normative) 8-to-16 Modulation.140
Annex I (normative) Optimum Power Control and Recording Conditions .148
Annex J (informative) Running OPC .151
Annex K (informative) Wavelength dependency.152
Annex L (informative) Explanation about the usage of the reference servos .157
Annex M (informative) Measurement of the groove wobble amplitude.167
Annex N (informative) Light fastness of the disk .169
Annex O (informative) Transportation .170
Annex P (informative) Video Content Protection System.171
Annex Q (informative) How to use the Physical format information in ADIP .172
Annex R (informative) Values to be Implemented in Existing and Future Specifications.174
Bibliography.177

© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved vii

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 25434 was prepared by Ecma International (as ECMA-364) and was adopted, under a special “fast-
track procedure”, by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with its
approval by national bodies of ISO and IEC.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO/IEC 25434:2007), which has been technically
revised.
viii © ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved

Introduction
Ecma Technical Committee TC31 was established in 1984 for the standardization of Optical Disks and
Optical Disk Cartridges (ODC). Since its establishment, the Committee has made major contributions
to ISO/IEC toward the development of International Standards for 80 mm, 90 mm, 120 mm, 300 mm,
and 356 mm media. Numerous standards have been developed by TC31 and published by Ecma,
almost all of which have also been adopted by ISO/IEC under the fast-track procedure as International
Standards.
In July 2004 a group of companies proposed to TC31 to develop a standard for 120 mm dual layer
recordable optical disks using the WORM recording technology and based on the DVD − Read-Only
standard (ISO/IEC 16448), the +RW format (ISO/IEC 17341) and the +R format (ISO/IEC 17344). TC31
adopted this project and started the work that has resulted in the adoption of ISO/IEC 25434.
This International Standard specifies two Types of recordable optical disks, one (Type S9) making use
of recording on only a single side of the disk and yielding a nominal capacity of 8,55 or 2,66 Gbytes per
disk and the other (Type D18) making use of recording on both sides of the disk and yielding a nominal
capacity of 17,1 or 5,32 Gbytes per disk.
In October 2005 a proposal was made to TC31 to update ISO/IEC 25434 for recording speeds up to
eight times the Reference velocity. TC31 adopted this project which resulted in the adoption of
ISO/IEC 25434:2007.
In February 2007 a proposal was made to TC31 to update ISO/IEC 25434 for recording speeds up to
16 times the Reference velocity.
This International Standard, taken together with a standard for volume and file structure, such as, for
instance, developed in Ecma Technical Committee TC15, provides the requirements for information
interchange between systems.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved ix

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 25434:2008(E)

Information technology — Data interchange on 120 mm and
80 mm optical disk using +R DL format — Capacity: 8,55 Gbytes
and 2,66 Gbytes per side (recording speed up to 16X)
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the mechanical, physical and optical characteristics of 120 mm
recordable optical disks with capacities of 8,55 Gbytes and 17,1 Gbytes. It specifies the quality of the recorded
and unrecorded signals, the format of the data and the recording method, thereby allowing for information
interchange by means of such disks. The data can be written once and read many times using a non-
reversible method. These disks are identified as +R DL.
This International Standard also specifies 80 mm disks with capacities of 2,66 Gbytes and 5,32 Gbytes. These
disks have the same characteristics as the 120 mm disks, except for some parameters related to the smaller
dimensions. All parameters unique for the 80 mm disks are specified in Annex A.
This International Standard specifies the following:
− two related but different Types of this disk (see Clause 7);
− the conditions for conformance;
− the environments in which the disk is to be tested, operated and stored;
− the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the disk, so as to provide mechanical
interchange between data processing systems;
− the format of the information on the disk, including the physical disposition of the tracks and
sectors, the error correcting codes and the coding method;
− the characteristics of the signals recorded on the disk, thus enabling data processing systems to
read the data from the disk.
This International Standard provides for the interchange of disks between optical disk drives. Together with a
standard for volume and file structure, it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems.
2 Conformance
2.1 Optical Disk
A claim of conformance with this International Standard shall specify the Type implemented. An optical disk is
in conformance with this International Standard if it meets all mandatory requirements specified for its Type.
2.2 Generating system
A generating system is in conformance with this International Standard if the optical disk it generates is in
accordance with 2.1.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved 1

2.3 Receiving system
A receiving system is in conformance with this International Standard if it is able to handle both Types of
optical disk according to 2.1.
2.4 Compatibility statement
A claim of conformance by a generating or receiving system with this International Standard shall include a
statement listing any other standards supported. This statement shall specify the numbers of the standards,
the optical disk types supported (where appropriate) and whether support includes reading only or both
reading and writing.
3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated ref
...