ISO 15704:2019
(Main)Enterprise modelling and architecture — Requirements for enterprise-referencing architectures and methodologies
Enterprise modelling and architecture — Requirements for enterprise-referencing architectures and methodologies
This document specifies a reference base of concepts and principles for enterprise architectures that enable enterprise development, enterprise integration, enterprise interoperability, human understanding and computer processing. This document further specifies requirements for models and languages created for expressing such enterprise architectures. This document specifies those terms, concepts and principles considered necessary to address stakeholder concerns and to carry out enterprise creation programmes as well as any incremental change projects required by the enterprise throughout the whole life of the enterprise. This document forms the basis by which enterprise architecture and modelling standards can be developed or aligned. This document does not define standard enterprises, standard organizational structures, standard enterprise processes, or standard enterprise data. In addition, this standard does not specify enterprise modelling processes.
Modélisation et architecture d'entreprise — Exigences pour les architectures et les méthodologies de référencement d'entreprise
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15704
Second edition
2019-12
Enterprise modelling and
architecture — Requirements for
enterprise-referencing architectures
and methodologies
Modélisation et architecture d'entreprise — Exigences pour les
architectures et les méthodologies de référencement d'entreprise
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 5
5 Requirements for enterprise-referencing architectures and models .6
5.1 General requirements . 6
5.2 Applicability and coverage of enterprise architecture . 7
5.2.1 Kinds of enterprise. 7
5.2.2 Characterizing enterprise architecture . 7
5.2.3 Enterprise engineering and architecting methodology . 7
5.2.4 Enterprise design . 8
5.2.5 Enterprise operation . 8
5.3 Essential concepts for enterprise-referencing architecture . 8
5.3.1 Span of conceptual orientation . 8
5.3.2 Human oriented . 8
5.3.3 Process oriented . 8
5.3.4 Interoperation oriented . 8
5.3.5 Decision oriented . 8
5.3.6 Realization oriented . 9
5.3.7 Technology oriented . 9
5.3.8 Environment oriented . 9
5.3.9 Lifetime oriented . 9
5.3.10 Stakeholder oriented . .10
5.3.11 Viewpoint oriented .10
5.3.12 Model oriented .11
5.3.13 Model view oriented .12
5.3.14 Enterprise interoperation oriented .13
5.3.15 Verification and validation oriented .13
6 Components of enterprise-referencing architectures.13
6.1 Enterprise-referencing models .13
6.1.1 Purpose of enterprise-referencing models .13
6.1.2 Kinds of enterprise-referencing models .14
6.2 Modelling languages .16
6.2.1 Requirements for modelling languages and constructs .16
6.2.2 Expressiveness .16
6.2.3 Semantics and syntax of an enterprise-referencing model.16
6.2.4 Names, labels and glossary .17
6.2.5 Elements of interoperation .17
6.3 Models as representations .18
6.3.1 Representing enterprise characteristics .18
6.3.2 Concepts of internal structure .18
6.3.3 Compatibility of structuring approaches .18
6.3.4 Concepts of enterprise-referencing behaviour .19
6.3.5 Short-term and long-term behavioural change .19
6.3.6 Representation of behaviour .20
6.3.7 Concepts of hierarchy .20
6.3.8 Recursion in decomposition .21
6.3.9 Iteration .22
6.3.10 Availability and format of model information .22
6.3.11 Management of constituent parts .23
6.4 Impact of genericity .23
6.4.1 Generic enterprise elements .23
6.4.2 Partial enterprise models .23
6.4.3 Particular enterprise models .23
6.5 Enterprise perspectives and viewpoints .24
6.5.1 Primary concern perspectives .24
6.5.2 Additional concern perspectives .26
6.6 Enterprise-referencing modelling framework .26
6.7 Tools .27
6.8 Modules .27
6.9 Enterprise operational systems .27
6.10 Representation .27
Annex A (informative) Key principles of enterprise integration and interoperation .28
Annex B (informative) Generalized Enterprise Reference Architecture and Methodology
(GERAM) .32
Annex C (informative) Relationship of this document with other International Standards
related to architecture for enterprise systems .67
Bibliography .70
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the volu
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15704
Second edition
2019-12
Enterprise modelling and
architecture — Requirements for
enterprise-referencing architectures
and methodologies
Modélisation et architecture d'entreprise — Exigences pour les
architectures et les méthodologies de référencement d'entreprise
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 5
5 Requirements for enterprise-referencing architectures and models .6
5.1 General requirements . 6
5.2 Applicability and coverage of enterprise architecture . 7
5.2.1 Kinds of enterprise. 7
5.2.2 Characterizing enterprise architecture . 7
5.2.3 Enterprise engineering and architecting methodology . 7
5.2.4 Enterprise design . 8
5.2.5 Enterprise operation . 8
5.3 Essential concepts for enterprise-referencing architecture . 8
5.3.1 Span of conceptual orientation . 8
5.3.2 Human oriented . 8
5.3.3 Process oriented . 8
5.3.4 Interoperation oriented . 8
5.3.5 Decision oriented . 8
5.3.6 Realization oriented . 9
5.3.7 Technology oriented . 9
5.3.8 Environment oriented . 9
5.3.9 Lifetime oriented . 9
5.3.10 Stakeholder oriented . .10
5.3.11 Viewpoint oriented .10
5.3.12 Model oriented .11
5.3.13 Model view oriented .12
5.3.14 Enterprise interoperation oriented .13
5.3.15 Verification and validation oriented .13
6 Components of enterprise-referencing architectures.13
6.1 Enterprise-referencing models .13
6.1.1 Purpose of enterprise-referencing models .13
6.1.2 Kinds of enterprise-referencing models .14
6.2 Modelling languages .16
6.2.1 Requirements for modelling languages and constructs .16
6.2.2 Expressiveness .16
6.2.3 Semantics and syntax of an enterprise-referencing model.16
6.2.4 Names, labels and glossary .17
6.2.5 Elements of interoperation .17
6.3 Models as representations .18
6.3.1 Representing enterprise characteristics .18
6.3.2 Concepts of internal structure .18
6.3.3 Compatibility of structuring approaches .18
6.3.4 Concepts of enterprise-referencing behaviour .19
6.3.5 Short-term and long-term behavioural change .19
6.3.6 Representation of behaviour .20
6.3.7 Concepts of hierarchy .20
6.3.8 Recursion in decomposition .21
6.3.9 Iteration .22
6.3.10 Availability and format of model information .22
6.3.11 Management of constituent parts .23
6.4 Impact of genericity .23
6.4.1 Generic enterprise elements .23
6.4.2 Partial enterprise models .23
6.4.3 Particular enterprise models .23
6.5 Enterprise perspectives and viewpoints .24
6.5.1 Primary concern perspectives .24
6.5.2 Additional concern perspectives .26
6.6 Enterprise-referencing modelling framework .26
6.7 Tools .27
6.8 Modules .27
6.9 Enterprise operational systems .27
6.10 Representation .27
Annex A (informative) Key principles of enterprise integration and interoperation .28
Annex B (informative) Generalized Enterprise Reference Architecture and Methodology
(GERAM) .32
Annex C (informative) Relationship of this document with other International Standards
related to architecture for enterprise systems .67
Bibliography .70
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the volu
...
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