ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016

Information technology — Test methods for machine readable travel documents (MRTD) and associated devices — Part 2: Test methods for the contactless interface

ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016 defines the test plan, based on ISO/IEC 10373‑6, for the contactless interface of eMRTDs and eMRTD associated readers compliant with ICAO Doc 9303. Application requirements for eMRTD and eMRTD reader are outside of the scope of ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016.

Technologies de l'information — Méthodes d'essai pour les documents de voyage lisibles par machine (MRTD) et dispositifs associés — Partie 2: Méthodes d'essai de l'interface sans contact

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 07-Aug-2016
• Withdrawal Date: 07-Aug-2016
• ICS: 35.240.15 - Identification cards. Chip cards. Biometrics
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17 - Cards and security devices for personal identification
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17/WG 3 - Traveller identification
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Completion Date: 16-Sep-2021

Relations

• Revised: ISO/IEC 18745-2:2021 - Test methods for machine readable travel documents (MRTD) and associated devices — Part 2: Test methods for the contactless interface
• Effective Date: 23-Apr-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 18745-2
First edition
2016-08-15
Information technology — Test
methods for machine readable travel
documents (MRTD) and associated
devices —
Part 2:
Test methods for the contactless
interface
Technologies de l’information — Méthodes d’essai pour les documents
de voyage lisibles par machine (MRTD) et dispositifs associés —
Partie 2: Méthodes d’essai de l’interface sans contact
Reference number
ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2016

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ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/IEC 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
[e-mail]
www.iso.org
ii © ISO/IEC 2016 – All rights reserved

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ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definition . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
5 Test methods for eMRTD . 2
5.1 General test conditions . 2
5.1.1 Test setup . 3
5.1.2 Values unless otherwise specified . 3
5.1.3 Test report . 4
5.1.4 Applicant declaration . . 5
5.2 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-1 parameters . 6
5.2.1 “Class 1” verification test (optional) . 6
5.2.2 Static electricity test . 6
5.2.3 Alternating magnetic field test . 7
5.3 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-2 parameters . 7
5.3.1 eMRTD transmission . 7
5.3.2 Operating field strength. 8
5.3.3 eMRTD reception . 9
5.3.4 eMRTD resonance frequency (optional) . 9
5.3.5 eMRTD maximum loading effect .10
5.4 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-3 and ISO/IEC 14443-4 parameters .10
5.5 List of the test command sequences .10
5.5.1 Test commands for eMRTD without access control (plain) .10
5.5.2 Test commands for eMRTD supporting BAC .12
5.5.3 Test commands for eMRTD supporting PACE .15
5.6 Functionality check test .17
5.6.1 General.17
5.6.2 Optional procedure 1: Application functionality check test.17
5.6.3 Optional procedure 2: Electrical functionality check test .18
6 Test methods for eMRTD reader .19
6.1 General test requirements .19
6.1.1 Test setup .19
6.1.2 Values unless otherwise specified .19
6.1.3 Test report .20
6.1.4 Applicant declaration . .20
6.1.5 Definition of measurement points .21
6.2 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-1 parameters .21
6.2.1 Purpose .21
6.2.2 Test procedure .22
6.2.3 Test report .22
6.3 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-2 parameters .22
6.3.1 eMRTD reader field strength .22
6.3.2 Modulation index and waveform .22
6.3.3 Load modulation reception .23
6.4 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-3 and ISO/IEC 14443-4 parameters .24
6.5 List of test command sequences .24
6.5.1 Test commands sequence for scenarios without eMRTD reader chaining .24
6.5.2 Test commands sequence for scenarios dealing with eMRTD reader chaining .25
6.6 Measurement positions .25
7 Additional eMRTD test methods .27
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ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016(E)

7.1 Test conditions .27
7.2 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-2 parameters for eMRTD .28
7.2.1 Operating field strength for bit rates higher than fc/16 .28
7.2.2 eMRTD reception for bit rates higher than fc/16 .29
7.2.3 eMRTD EMD level and low EMD time test (optional) .30
7.3 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-2 parameters for eMRTD reader . .31
7.3.1 eMRTD reader field strength for additional classes .31
7.3.2 Modulation index and waveform for bit rates higher than fc/16 or
additional classes .31
7.3.3 Load modulation reception for bit rates higher than fc/16 or additional classes 31
7.3.4 eMRTD reader EMD immunity test (optional) .32
7.3.5 eMRTD reader EMD recovery test (optional) .32
7.4 Additional tests of ISO/IEC 14443-3 and ISO/IEC 14443-4 parameters for PICC .33
7.5 Additional tests of ISO/IEC 14443-3 and ISO/IEC 14443-4 parameters for PCD .33
8 Specific access control test sequences .33
8.1 General .33
8.2 List of the test command sequences with EAC for eMRTD .33
8.2.1 Test commands for eMRTD supporting EAC .33
8.2.2 Test commands for eMRTD supporting PACE and EAC .34
Bibliography .37
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ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee,
ISO/IEC JTC 1.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, SC 17, Cards and
personal identification.
ISO/IEC 18745 consists of the following parts, under the general title, Test methods for machine readable
travel documents (MRTD) and associated devices:
— Part 1: Physical test methods for passport books (durability)
— Part 2: Test methods for the contactless interface
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ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016(E)

Introduction
This part of ISO/IEC 18745 defines the test plan regarding contactless interface for eMRTDs and eMRTD
associated readers compliant to ICAO Doc 9303.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016(E)
Information technology — Test methods for machine
readable travel documents (MRTD) and associated
devices —
Part 2:
Test methods for the contactless interface
1 Scope
This part of ISO/IEC 18745 defines the test plan, based on ISO/IEC 10373-6, for the contactless interface
of eMRTDs and eMRTD associated readers compliant with ICAO Doc 9303.
Application requirements for eMRTD and eMRTD reader are outside of the scope of this part of
ISO/IEC 18745.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 7810:2003/Amd 1:2009, Identification cards — Physical characteristics
1)
ISO/IEC 10373-6:2016, Identification cards — Test methods — Part 6: Proximity cards
ISO/IEC 14443-1:2016, Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Proximity cards —
1)
Part 1: Physical characteristics
ISO/IEC 14443-2:2016, Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Proximity cards —
1)
Part 2: Radio frequency power and signal interface
ISO/IEC 14443-3, Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Proximity cards — Part 3:
1)
Initialization and anticollision
ISO/IEC 14443-4:2016, Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Proximity cards —
1)
Part 4: Transmission protocol
ICAO Doc 9303, Machine Readable Travel Documents — Seventh Edition, 2015
3 Terms and definition
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
test method
method for testing the characteristics of eMRTDs and eMRTD associated readers for the purpose of
assessing their conformance with International Standards
1) If ISO/IEC 10373 or ISO/IEC 14443 series are referred, read with replacing PICC with eMRTD and PCD with
eMRTD associated reader.
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ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016(E)

3.2
sample
one piece of the total number of eMRTDs or eMRTD associated readers required and presented for
testing according to this specification
3.3
room temperature
convenient temperature within the range of 23 °C ± 3 °C (73 °F ± 5 °F)
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply.
AA active authentication
BAC basic access control
CVCA country verifying certification authority
DV document verifier
EAC extended access control (throughout this part of ISO/IEC 18745, the term EAC refers to EAC v1)
IS inspection system
LDS logical data structure
PACE password authenticated connection establishment (throughout this part of ISO/IEC 18745,
the term PACE refers to PACE v2)
DUT device under test
H minimum field strength as defined in ISO/IEC 14443-2
min
H maximum field strength as defined in ISO/IEC 14443-2
max
eMRTD electronic machine readable travel document
“XY” hexadecimal notation, equal to XY in base 16
5 Test methods for eMRTD
5.1 General test conditions
The test methods defined in Clause 5 are in line with the test methods defined in ISO/IEC 10373-
6:2001/Amd 7:2010, but updated in accordance with ISO/IEC 10373-6:2016.
Test conditions and procedures in this Clause are based on ISO/IEC 10373-6 taking into account specific
needs of eMRTD application.
Clause 7 addresses only requirements introduced by amendments on ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011 published
after 2011 and integrated in the third edition of ISO/IEC 10373-6:
— ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011/Amd.1:2012;
— ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011/Amd.2:2012;
— ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011/Amd.3:2012;
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ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016(E)

— ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011/Amd.4:2012;
2)
— ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011/Amd.5:2015;
2)
— ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011/Amd.6:2015;
2)
— ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011/Amd.7:2015.
The following subclauses specify the different test setups, the values used for the tests, and a
recommendation for the format of the test report.
Depending on the implementation statement of the applicant, Type A or Type B tests shall be performed.
For tests of ISO/IEC 14443-1 and ISO/IEC 14443-2 parameters, the minimum number of samples
provided for testing is three, unless explicitly defined otherwise. The applicant may request that a
larger number of samples are tested. The samples provided by the applicant should be personalized and
marked each with a unique serial number. Serial numbers shall be reported in the test report.
It is not mandatory to use the same samples to run all the tests defined in this standard. For example,
an applicant can provide:
— 3 samples for static electricity test;
— 3 samples for alternating magnetic field test;
— 3 samples for ISO/IEC 14443-2 parameters;
— 1 sample for ISO/IEC 14443-3 and ISO/IEC 14443-4 parameters.
For tests where mandatory field strength values are specified, a transition period for eMRTD requiring
higher field strength may apply.
5.1.1 Test setup
The Test PCD assembly that is defined in ISO/IEC 10373-6 is the basis for the physical and electrical
tests. The matching network defined in ISO/IEC 10373-6:2016, A.2.2 is used together with the Test PCD
assembly.
The Test PCD assembly shall be adapted to carry an eMRTD with the additional ability to center an ID-1
sized antenna of an eMRTD in the Test PCD assembly.
Some of the following tests are assuming an antenna size within ID-1 outline. If antenna is greater than
ID-1 size, those tests might not generate accurate results.
5.1.2 Values unless otherwise specified
The values defined in Table 1 are typical values for communication parameters.
Unless otherwise specified, the following environmental parameters and values defined in Table 1 shall
be used.
Table 1 — Values unless otherwise specified
Parameter Value To be applied to
Parameters applicable for all bit rates
Environment temperature room temperature Type A and Type B
a
Relative humidity 25 % to 75 % Type A and Type B
a
Any convenient relative humidity within the specified range.
2) Not published but integrated in the third revision of ISO/IEC 10373-6.
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ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016(E)

Table 1 (continued)
Parameter Value To be applied to
Start Of Frame timing (SOF) 10 etu “0” followed by 2 etu “1” Type B
End Of Frame timing (EOF) 10 etu “0” Type B
Extra Guard Time (EGT) 0 etu Type B
Maximum Frame Size Code 8 Type B
in ATTRIB
FSDI 8 Type A
Parameters applicable for eMRTD reader to eMRTD bit rate fc/128
Modulation 100 % Type A
t 40/fc Type A
1
t 7/fc Type A
2
t 12/fc Type A
3
t 6/fc Type A
4
Overshoot 0 % Type A and Type B
Modulation index m 12 % Type B
Rise time, t , fall time, t 12/fc Type B
r f
Parameters applicable for eMRTD reader to eMRTD bit rate fc/64
a 0,1 Type A
t 18/fc Type A
1
t 15/fc Type A
5
t 9/fc Type A
6
Overshoot 0 % Type A and Type B
Modulation index m 12 % Type B
Rise time t , fall time t 10/fc Type B
r f
Parameters applicable for eMRTD reader to eMRTD bit rate fc/32
a 0,2 Type A
t 9/fc Type A
1
t 7/fc Type A
5
t 8/fc Type A
6
Overshoot 0 % Type A and Type B
Modulation index m 12 % Type B
Rise time t , fall time t 8/fc Type B
r f
Parameters applicable for eMRTD reader to eMRTD bit rate fc/16
a 0,4 Type A
t 5/fc Type A
1
t 4/fc Type A
5
t 5/fc Type A
6
Overshoot 0 % Type A and Type B
Modulation index m 12 % Type B
Rise time t , fall time t 6/fc Type B
r f
a
Any convenient relative humidity within the specified range.
5.1.3 Test report
The test report shall include the number of successful evaluations versus the total number of evaluations
for each sample and for each test. A description of each test, the information whether the result was a
pass or a fail, and the date of the tests shall be included.
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ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016(E)

For all functionality check tests, the report shall state what tools and methods have been used to verify
the functionality of the eMRTD.
5.1.4 Applicant declaration
In order to set up the tests properly, the applicant shall provide the information specified in Table 2.
Table 2 — Applicant information on eMRTD product
Product characteristic Standard reference Applicant declaration
a
Physical Size of Product ICAO Doc 9303-2 ID-1: YES/NO
Location of antenna within eMRTD ICAO Doc 9303-9
ISO/IEC 14443-1 PICC Class 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6
b
Claimed PICC class
ISO/IEC 14443-2
Application Profile for Contact- YES/NO
(Optional) shielding of eMRTD less
If yes, precise where shielding is applied
Interface Doc9303 v1.3
Application Profile for Contact- Minimum and maximum resonance
(Optional) eMRTD resonance fre-
less frequency in MHz
quency range
Interface Doc9303 v1.3
ISO/IEC 14443-2 Type A/Type B
Type ISO/IEC 14443-3
ISO/IEC 14443-4
Random or fixed UID (Type A) or ISO/IEC 14443-3 Indicate if the UID (Type A) or PUPI
PUPI (Type B) (Type B) is random or fixed
ISO/IEC 14443-2 List of supported optional eMRTD read-
(Optional) eMRTD reader to eMRTD er to eMRTD bit rates
ISO/IEC 14443-3
supported bit rates
ISO/IEC 14443-4
ISO/IEC 14443-2 List of supported optional eMRTD to
(Optional) eMRTD to eMRTD reader eMRTD reader bit rates
ISO/IEC 14443-3
supported bit rates
ISO/IEC 14443-4
(Optional) support of exchange of ISO/IEC 14443-4 YES/NO
additional parameters
ISO/IEC 14443-3 Declare the maximum frame size integer
Maximum frame size supported
in reception supported by the eMRTD
ISO/IEC 14443-4
(Optional) Frames with error cor- ISO/IEC 14443-4 YES/NO
rections supported
ISO/IEC 14443-4 NAD: YES/NO
(Optional) support of NAD and CID
CID: YES/NO
ISO/IEC 14443-4 Provide a command needing more than
FWT time for execution.
If the eMRTD does not support any
Command requesting S(WTX)
command needing more than FWT time
for execution, the scenarios using this
command are not applicable.
a
If eMRTD size is ID-2 or ID-3, select NO.
b
If no PICC Class is claimed, PICC Class 1 is used in the test methods.
c
Information required to perform authentication will be provided by the applicant (Machine Readable Zone (MRZ)/
Card Access Number (CAN), EAC certificates chain with IS private key, static/dynamic binding). If no access control is
selected by the applicant, eMRTD supports plaintext access.
d
Information required to perform Active Authentication will be provided by the applicant (Extended Length).
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ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016(E)

Table 2 (continued)
Product characteristic Standard reference Applicant declaration
ICAO Doc 9303-11 BAC: YES/NO
c
Access control applied EAC: YES/NO
PACE: YES/NO
d
Active Authentication ICAO Doc 9303-11 YES/NO
(Optional) Extended Length APDU ISO/IEC 7816-4 YES/NO
supported
(Optional) EMD ISO/IEC 14443-2
a
If eMRTD size is ID-2 or ID-3, select NO.
b
If no PICC Class is claimed, PICC Class 1 is used in the test methods.
c
Information required to perform authentication will be provided by the applicant (Machine Readable Zone (MRZ)/
Card Access Number (CAN), EAC certificates chain with IS private key, static/dynamic binding). If no access control is
selected by the applicant, eMRTD supports plaintext access.
d
Information required to perform Active Authentication will be provided by the applicant (Extended Length).
5.2 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-1 parameters
5.2.1 “Class 1” verification test (optional)
5.2.1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this test is to check if the physical coil dimensions meet the requirements according to
ISO/IEC 14443-1.
This test is optional and shall be applied if the applicant claims compliance with “Class 1” in Table 2.
5.2.1.2 Test procedure
Determine whether the eMRTD antenna is within the PICC antenna zone as described in
ISO/IEC 14443-1:2016, A.1.1. The applied method (for example, X-ray) is under responsibility of test
laboratory.
5.2.1.3 Test report
The test report shall state whether the coil geometry of the antenna is in accordance with “Class 1”
definition.
5.2.2 Static electricity test
5.2.2.1 Purpose
See ISO/IEC 10373-6:2016, 6.2.2.
5.2.2.2 Test procedure
Apply ISO/IEC 10373-6:2016, 6.2.2. The discharge value is selected according to
ISO/IEC 7810:2003/Amd 1, 9.4.2.
In case the physical size of the eMRTD is different from ID-1, the test procedure shall be applied at the
centers of a two dimensional 1 cm × 1 cm mesh placed over the DUT.
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ISO/IEC 18745-2:2016(E)

5.2.2.3 Test report
The test report shall state whether or not the eMRTDs operate as described in 5.6 after the applied test
procedure.
5.2.3 Alternating magnetic field test
5.2.3.1 Purpose
See ISO/IEC 10373-6:2016, 6.2.1.
5.2.3.2 Test procedure
Apply ISO/IEC 10373-6:2016, 6.2.1.
5.2.3.3 Test report
The test report shall state whether or not the eMRTDs operate as described in 5.6 after the applied test
procedure.
5.3 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-2 parameters
5.3.1 eMRTD transmission
5.3.1.1 Purpose
See ISO/IEC 10373-6:2016, 7.2.1.1.
5.3.1.2 Test procedure
Apply ISO/IEC 10373-6:2016, 7.2.1 under the following conditions:
At temperatures −10 °C and room temperature:
— mandatory: 1,5 A/m(rms), 2,5 A/m(rms), 3,5 A/m(rms), 4,5 A/m(rms), 7,5 A/m(rms);
— optional: 5,5 A/m(rms), 6,5 A/m(rms).
At temperature 50 °C:
— mandatory: 1,5 A/m(rms), 2,5 A/m(rms), 3,5 A/m(rms), 4,5 A/m(rms), 6,0 A/m(rms);
— optional: 5,5 A/m(rms).
NOTE Optional and mandatory field strength values are chosen in line with the following reasons:
— most of eMRTD associated readers operate between 1,5 A/m(rms) and 4,5 A/m(rms);
— check that there is no potential communication hole betwe
...

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/IEC DIS 18745-2.2
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17 Secretariat: BSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2015-11-06 2016-01-06
Test methods for machine readable travel documents
(MRTD) and associated readers —
Part 2:
Test methods for the contactless interface
Méthodes d’essai pour les documents de voyage lisibles par machine (MRTD) —
Partie 2: Méthodes d’essai de l’interface sans contact
ICS: 35.240.15
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/IEC DIS 18745-2.2:2015(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO/IEC 2015

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ISO/IEC DIS 18745-2.2:2015(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/IEC 2015, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
[e-mail]
www.iso.org
ii © ISO/IEC 2015 – All rights reserved

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ISO/IEC FCD 18745-2.2
 Contents Page
Foreword . v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definition . 2
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
5 Test methods for eMRTD . 3
5.1 General test conditions . 3
5.1.1 Test setup . 4
5.1.2 Values unless otherwise specified . 4
5.1.3 Test report . 5
5.1.4 Applicant declaration . 5
5.2 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-1 parameters . 7
5.2.1 "Class 1" verification test . 7
5.2.2 Static electricity test . 7
5.2.3 Alternating magnetic field test . 7
5.3 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-2 parameters . 8
5.3.1 eMRTD transmission . 8
5.3.2 Operating field strength . 8
5.3.3 eMRTD reception . 9
5.3.4 eMRTD resonance frequency (Optional) . 10
5.3.5 eMRTD maximum loading effect . 10
5.4 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-3 and ISO/IEC14443-4 parameters . 11
5.5 List of the test command sequences . 11
5.5.1 Test commands for eMRTD without access control (plain) . 11
5.5.2 Test commands for eMRTD supporting BAC . 13
5.5.3 Test commands for eMRTD supporting PACE . 15
5.6 Functionality check test . 19
5.6.1 General . 19
5.6.2 Optional Procedure 1: Application functionality check test . 19
5.6.3 Optional Procedure 2: Electrical functionality check test . 19
6 Test methods for eMRTD reader . 20
6.1 General test requirements . 20
6.1.1 Test setup . 21
6.1.2 Values unless otherwise specified . 21
6.1.3 Test report . 22
6.1.4 Applicant declaration . 22
6.1.5 Definition of measurement points . 23
6.2 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-1 parameters . 23
6.2.1 Purpose . 23
6.2.2 Test procedure . 23
6.2.3 Test report . 23
6.3 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-2 parameters . 23
6.3.1 eMRTD reader field strength . 23
6.3.2 Modulation index and waveform . 24
6.3.3 Load modulation reception . 25
6.4 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-3 and ISO/IEC 14443-4 parameters . 26
6.5 List of test command sequences . 26
6.5.1 Test commands sequence for scenarios without eMRTD reader chaining . 26
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ISO/IEC FCD 18745-2.2
6.5.2 Test commands sequence for scenarios dealing with eMRTD reader chaining . 27
6.6 Measurement positions . 28
7 Additional eMRTD test methods . 30
7.1 Test conditions . 30
7.2 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-2 parameters for eMRTD . 31
7.2.1 Operating field strength for bit rates higher than fc/16 . 31
7.2.2 eMRTD reception for bit rates higher than fc/16 . 31
7.2.3 eMRTD EMD level and low EMD time test . 32
7.3 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-2 parameters for eMRTD reader . 33
7.3.1 eMRTD reader field strength for additional classes . 33
7.3.2 Modulation index and waveform for bit rates higher than fc/16 or additional classes . 33
7.3.3 Load modulation reception for bit rates higher than fc/16 or additional classes . 34
7.3.4 eMRTD reader EMD Immunity Test . 34
7.3.5 eMRTD reader EMD Recovery Test . 35
7.4 Additional tests of ISO/IEC 14443-3 and ISO/IEC14443-4 parameters for PICC . 35
7.5 Additional tests of ISO/IEC 14443-3 and ISO/IEC 14443-4 parameters for PCD . 35
8 Specific access control test sequences . 35
8.1 Scope . 35
8.2 List of the test command sequences with EAC for eMRTD . 35
8.2.1 Test commands for eMRTD supporting EAC . 36
8.2.2 Test commands for eMRTD supporting PACE and EAC . 37

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ISO/IEC FCD 18745-2.2
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 18745-2 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 17, Cards and personal identification.
ISO/IEC 18745 consists of the following parts, under the general title Test methods for machine readable
travel documents (MRTD) and associated readers:
 Part 1: Physical Test Methods for Passport Books (durability)
 Part 2: Test methods for the contactless interface
The test methods dates back on the test methods of e-passports, which was deliberated as ISO/IEC
10373-6:2001/Amd.7:2010.
 Part 3: LDS and security protocols
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ISO/IEC FCD 18745-2.2
Introduction
ISO/IEC 18745-2 defines the test plan regarding contactless interface for eMRTDs and eMRTD associated
readers compliant to ICAO Doc 9303 .
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Draft International Standard ISO/IEC FCD 18745-2.2

Test methods for machine readable travel documents (MRTD)
and associated readers — Part 2: Test methods for the
contactless interface
1 Scope
ISO/IEC 18745-2 defines the test plan, based on ISO/IEC 10373-6, for the contactless interface of eMRTDs
and eMRTD associated readers compliant with ICAO Doc 9303 .
Application requirements for eMRTD and eMRTD reader are outside of the scope of this standard.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 10373-6:2015, Identification cards — Test methods — Part 6: Proximity cards
ISO/IEC 14443-1:2015, Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Proximity cards — Part
1: Physical characteristics
ISO/IEC 14443-2:2015, Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Proximity cards — Part
2: Radio frequency power and signal interface
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2015, Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Proximity cards — Part
3: Initialization and anticollision
ISO/IEC 14443-4:2015, Identification cards — Contactless integrated circuit cards — Proximity cards — Part
4: Transmission protocol
ISO/IEC 7816-4:2013, Identification cards — Integrated circuit cards — Part 4: Organization, security and
commands for interchange
ISO/IEC 7810:2003/Amd1:2009, Identification cards — Physical characteristics — Criteria for cards containing
integrated circuits
ICAO Doc 9303 Machine Readable Travel Documents — Seventh Edition, 2015
Technical Guideline TR-03110-1 “Advanced Security Mechanisms forMachine Readable Travel Documents -
Part 1: eMRTDs with BAC/PACEv2 and EACv1”, Version 2.10, March 2012
(https://www.bsi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/EN/BSI/Publications/TechGuidelines/TR03110/TR-
03110_v2.1_P1pdf.pdf)
TECHNICAL REPORT "Supplemental Access Control for Machine Readable Travel Documents" Version -
1.01 Date – November 11, 2010
(http://www.icao.int/Security/mrtd/Downloads/Technical%20Reports/Technical%20Report.pdf)
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ISO/IEC FCD 18745-2.2
If ISO/IEC 10373 or ISO/IEC 14443 series are referred, read with replacing PICC with eMRTD and PCD with
eMRTD associated reader
3 Terms and definition
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
test method
method for testing the characteristics of eMRTDs and eMRTD associated readers for the purpose of
assessing their conformance with International Standards
3.2
sample
a sample is one piece of the total number of eMRTDs or eMRTD associated readers required and presented
for testing according to this specification
3.3
room temperature
room temperature is defined as any convenient temperature within the range of 23 °C ± 3 °C (73 °F ± 5 °F)
3.4
intended operation
operation as defined in ISO/IEC 14443-1 3.4

4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply:
AA Active Authentication
BAC Basic Access Control
CVCA Country Verifying Certification Authority
DV Document Verifier
Extended Access Control
EAC
Throughout this document, the term EAC refers to EAC v1
IS Inspection System
LDS Logical Data Structure
Password Authenticated Connection Establishment
PACE
Throughout this document, the term PACE refers to PACE v2
DUT Device Under Test
H Minimum field strength as defined in ISO/IEC 14443-2
min
H Maximum field strength as defined in ISO/IEC 14443-2
max
eMRTD Electronic Machine Readable Travel Document
'XY' Hexadecimal notation, equal to XY in base 16

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ISO/IEC FCD 18745-2.2
5 Test methods for eMRTD
5.1 General test conditions
The test methods defined in clause 5 are in line with the test methods defined in ISO/IEC 10373-
rd
6:2001/Amd.7:2010, but updated in accordance with the 3 Edition of ISO/IEC 10373-6.
Test conditions and procedures in this clause are based on ISO/IEC 10373-6:2015 taking into account specific
needs of eMRTD application.
nd
The clause 7 addresses only requirements introduced by amendments on the 2 edition of ISO/IEC 10373-6
rd
published after 2011 and integrated in the 3 edition of ISO/IEC 10373-6:
- ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011/Amd.1:2012, Identification cards — Test methods — Part 6: Proximity cards,
AMENDMENT 1: Additional PICC classes
- ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011/Amd.2:2012, Identification cards — Test methods — Part 6: Proximity cards,
AMENDMENT 2: Test methods for electromagnetic disturbance
- ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011/Amd.3:2012, Identification cards — Test methods — Part 6: Proximity cards,
AMENDMENT 3: Exchange of additional parameters, block numbering, unmatched AFI and TR2
- ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011/Amd.4:2012, Identification cards — Test methods — Part 6: Proximity cards,
AMENDMENT 4: Bit rates of fc/8, fc/4 and fc/2 and frame size from 512 to 4096 bytes
- ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011/Amd.5:2015, Identification cards — Test methods — Part 6: Proximity cards,
1
AMENDMENT 5: Bit rates of 3fc/4, fc, 3fc/2, 2fc from PCD to PICC
- ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011/Amd.6:2015, Identification cards — Test methods — Part 6: Proximity cards,
1
AMENDMENT 6: Alternating between PICC and PCD functionalities
- ISO/IEC 10373-6:2011/Amd.7:2015, Identification cards — Test methods — Part 6: Proximity cards,
1
AMENDMENT 7: Frame with error correction
The following subclauses specify the different test setups, the values used for the tests, and a
recommendation for the format of the test report.
Depending on the implementation statement of the applicant, Type A or Type B tests shall be performed.
For tests of ISO/IEC 14443-1 and ISO/IEC 14443-2 parameters, the minimum number of samples provided for
testing is three, unless explicitly defined otherwise. The applicant may request that a larger number of
samples are tested. The samples provided by the applicant should be personalized and marked each with a
unique serial number. Serial numbers shall be reported in the test report.
It's not mandatory to use the same samples to run all the tests defined in this standard. For example, an
applicant can provide:
- 3 samples for static electricity test,
- 3 samples for alternating magnetic field test
- 3 samples for ISO/IEC 14443-2 parameters
- 1 sample for ISO/IEC 14443-3 and ISO/IEC 14443--4 parameters


rd
1
Not published but integrated in the 3 revision of ISO/IEC 10373-6
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ISO/IEC FCD 18745-2.2
5.1.1 Test setup
The Test PCD assembly that is defined in ISO/IEC 10373-6 is the basis for the physical and electrical tests.
The matching network defined in ISO/IEC 10373-6:2015, A.2.2 is used together with the Test PCD assembly.
The Test PCD assembly shall be adapted to carry an eMRTD with the additional ability to center an ID-1 sized
antenna of an eMRTD in the Test PCD assembly.
NOTE Some of the following tests are assuming an antenna size within ID-1 outline. If antenna is greater than ID-1 size,
those tests might not generate accurate results.
5.1.2 Values unless otherwise specified
The values defined in Table 1 are typical values for communication parameters.
Unless otherwise specified, the following environmental parameters and values defined in Table 1 shall be
used.
Table 1 — Values unless otherwise specified
Parameter Value To be applied to
Parameters applicable for all bit rates
Environment temperature room temperature Type A and Type B
a
Relative humidity Type A and Type B
25 % to 75 %
Start Of Frame timing (SOF) 10 etu "0" followed by 2 etu "1" Type B
End Of Frame timing (EOF) 10 etu "0" Type B
Extra Guard Time (EGT) 0 etu Type B
Maximum Frame Size Code 8 Type B
in ATTRIB
FSDI 8 Type A
Parameters applicable for eMRTD reader to eMRTD bit rate fc/128
Modulation 100 % Type A
t 40/fc Type A
1
t 7/fc
2 Type A
t 12/fc
3 Type A
t 6/fc Type A
4
Overshoot 0 % Type A and Type B
Modulation index m
12 % Type B
Rise time t , fall time t 12/fc Type B
r f
Parameters applicable for eMRTD reader to eMRTD bit rate fc/64
a 0,1 Type A
t 18/fc
1 Type A
t 15/fc Type A
5
t 9/fc
6 Type A
Overshoot 0 % Type A and Type B
Modulation index m 12 % Type B
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ISO/IEC FCD 18745-2.2
Parameter Value To be applied to
Rise time t , fall time t 10/fc Type B
r f
Parameters applicable for eMRTD reader to eMRTD bit rate fc/32
a 0,2 Type A
t 9/fc Type A
1
t 7/fc Type A
5
t 8/fc Type A
6
Overshoot 0 % Type A and Type B
Modulation index m 12 % Type B
Rise time t , fall time t 8/fc Type B
r f
Parameters applicable for eMRTD reader to eMRTD bit rate fc/16
a 0,4 Type A
t 5/fc Type A
1
t 4/fc Type A
5
t 5/fc Type A
6
Overshoot 0 % Type A and Type B
Modulation index m 12 % Type B
Rise time t , fall time t 6/fc Type B
r f
a
Any convenient relative humidity within the specified range.

5.1.3 Test report
The test report shall include the number of successful evaluations versus the total number of evaluations for
each sample and for each test. A description of each test, the information whether the result was a pass or a
fail, and the date of the tests shall be included.
For all functionality check tests, the report shall state what tools and methods have been used to verify the
functionality of the eMRTD.
5.1.4 Applicant declaration
In order to set up the tests properly, the applicant shall provide the information specified in Table 2.
Table 2 — Applicant information on eMRTD product
Product Characteristic Standard Reference Applicant Declaration

a
ICAO Doc 9303 ID-1: YES/NO
Physical Size of Product
ICAO Doc 9303-10
Location of antenna within eMRTD
ISO/IEC 14443-1:2015 PICC Class 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6
b
ISO/IEC 14443-2:2015
Claimed PICC class
ICAO Doc 9303-10
ICAO Doc 9303-10 YES/NO
(Optional) shielding of eMRTD
If yes, precise where shielding is applied
ICAO doc 9303-10 Minimum and maximum resonance
(Optional) eMRTD resonance frequency
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ISO/IEC FCD 18745-2.2
frequency in MHz
range
ISO/IEC 14443-2:2015 Type A / Type B
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2015
Modulation type
ISO/IEC 14443-4:2015
ISO/IEC14443-3:2015 Indicate if the UID (Type A) or PUPI (Type
Random or fixed UID (Type A) or PUPI
B) is random or fixed
(Type B)
ISO/IEC14443-2:2015 List of supported optional eMRTD reader to
eMRTD bit rates
(Optional) eMRTD reader to eMRTD
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2015
supported bit rates
ISO/IEC 14443-4:2015
List of supported optional eMRTD to
(Optional) eMRTD to eMRTD reader
eMRTD reader bit rates
supported bit rates
(Optional) support of exchange of ISO/IEC 14443-4:2015 YES/NO
additional parameters
ISO/IEC 14443-3: 2015 Declare the maximum frame size integer in
Maximum frame size supported
reception supported by the eMRTD
ISO/IEC 14443-4:2015
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2015 YES/NO
(Optional) Frames with error corrections
supported
ISO/IEC 14443-3:2015 NAD: YES/NO
(Optional) support of NAD and CID
CID: YES/NO
ISO/IEC 14443-4:2015 Provide a command needing more than FWT
time for execution.
If the eMRTD does not support any command
Command requesting S(WTX)
needing more than FWT time for execution,
the scenarios using this command are not
applicable.
ICAO Doc 9303 -11 BAC: YES/NO

c
EAC: YES/NO
Access control applied
PACE: YES/NO

d
ICAO Doc 9303-11 YES/NO
Active Authentication
ISO/IEC 7816-4:2013 YES/NO
(Optional) Extended Length APDU
supported
a
If eMRTD size is ID-2 or ID-3, select NO.
b
If no PICC Class is claimed, PICC Class 1 is used in the test methods
c
Information required to perform authentication will be provided by the applicant (Machine Readable Zone (MRZ) /Card Access
Number (CAN), EAC certificates chain with IS private key, static/dynamic binding). If no access control is selected by the applicant,
eMRTD supports plaintext access.
d
Information required to perform Active Authentication will be provided by the applicant (Extended Length).
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ISO/IEC FCD 18745-2.2
5.2 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-1 parameters
5.2.1 "Class 1" verification test
5.2.1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this test is to check if the physical coil dimensions meet the requirements according to
ISO/IEC 14443-1:2015.
This test is optional and shall be applied if the applicant claims compliance with "Class 1" in Table 2.
5.2.1.2 Test procedure
Determine whether the eMRTD antenna is within the PICC antenna zone as described in ISO/IEC 14443-
1:2015 A.1.1. The applied method (e.g. X-Ray) is under responsibility of test laboratory.
5.2.1.3 Test report
The test report shall state whether the coil geometry of the antenna is in accordance with "Class 1" definition.
5.2.2 Static electricity test
5.2.2.1 Purpose
See ISO/IEC 10373-6:2015, 6.2.2.
5.2.2.2 Test procedure
Apply the test ISO/IEC 10373-6:2015, 6.2.2. The discharge value is selected according to ISO/IEC 7810:2003
Amd.1, 9.4.2.
In case the physical size of the eMRTD is different from ID-1, the test procedure shall be applied at the
centers of a two dimensional 1 cm by 1 cm mesh placed over the DUT.
5.2.2.3 Test report
The test report shall state whether or not the eMRTDs operate as described in 5.6 after the applied test
procedure.
5.2.3 Alternating magnetic field test
5.2.3.1 Purpose
See ISO/IEC 10373-6:2015, 6.2.1.
5.2.3.2 Test procedure
Apply the test ISO/IEC 10373-6:2015, 6.2.1.
5.2.3.3 Test report
The test report shall state whether or not the eMRTDs operate as described in 5.6 after the applied test
procedure.
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ISO/IEC FCD 18745-2.2
5.3 Test of ISO/IEC 14443-2 parameters
5.3.1 eMRTD transmission
5.3.1.1 Purpose
See ISO/IEC 10373-6:2015, 7.2.1.1.
5.3.1.2 Test procedure
Apply the test ISO/IEC 10373-6:2015, 7.2.1 under following conditions:
At temperatures −10 °C and room temperature:
- Mandatory: 1,5 A/m(rms), 2,5 A/m(rms), 3,5 A/m(rms), 4,5 A/m(rms), 7,5 A/m(rms)
- Optional: 5,5 A/m(rms), 6,5 A/m(rms)
At temperature 50 °C:
- Mandatory: 1,5 A/m(rms), 2,5 A/m(rms), 3,5 A/m(rms), 4,5 A/m(rms), 6,0 A/m(rms)
- Optional: 5,5 A/m(rms)
NOTE Optional and mandatory field values are chosen in line with following reasons:
- most of eMRTD associated readers operate between 1,5 A/m(rms) and 4,5 A/m(rms)
- check that there is no potential communication hole between 1,5 A/m(rms) and 4,5 A/m(rms).
5.3.1.3 Test report
The test report shall give the load modulation amplitudes of the upper and lower sidebands at fc + fs and fc -
fs and the applied fields and modulations.
5.3.2 Operating field strength
5.3.2.1 Purpose
The purpose of this test is to check if the eMRTD operates its application with
...