ISO/IEC 10589:2002
(Main)Information technology — Telecommunications and information exchange between systems — Intermediate System to Intermediate System intra-domain routeing information exchange protocol for use in conjunction with the protocol for providing the connectionless-mode network service (ISO 8473)
Information technology — Telecommunications and information exchange between systems — Intermediate System to Intermediate System intra-domain routeing information exchange protocol for use in conjunction with the protocol for providing the connectionless-mode network service (ISO 8473)
This International Standard specifies a protocol which is used by Network Layer entities operating the protocol specified in ISO 8473 in Intermediate Systems to maintain routeing information for the purpose of routeing within a single routeing domain. The protocol specified in this International Standard relies upon the provision of a connectionless-mode underlying service.1) This International Standard specifies: a) procedures for the transmission of configuration and routeing information between network entities residing in Intermediate Systems within a single routeing domain; b) the encoding of the protocol data units used for the transmission of the configuration and routeing information; c) procedures for the correct interpretation of protocol control information; and d) the functional requirements for implementations claiming conformance to this International Standard. The procedures are defined in terms of a) the interactions between Intermediate system Network entities through the exchange of protocol data units; b) the interactions between a Network entity and an underlying service provider through the exchange of subnetwork service primitives; and c) the constraints on route determination which must be observed by each Intermediate system when each has a routeing information base which is consistent with the others.
Technologies de l'information — Communication de données et échange d'informations entre systèmes — Protocole intra-domaine de routage d'un système intermédiaire à un système intermédiaire à utiliser conjointement avec le protocole fournissant le service de réseau en mode sans connexion (ISO 8473)
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INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 10589
Second edition
2002-11-15
Information technology —
Telecommunications and information
exchange between systems — Intermediate
System to Intermediate System
intra-domain routeing information
exchange protocol for use in conjunction
with the protocol for providing the
connectionless-mode network service
(ISO 8473)
Technologies de l'information — Communication de données et échange
d'informations entre systèmes — Protocole intra-domaine de routage d'un
système intermédiaire à un système intermédiaire à utiliser conjointement
avec le protocole fournissant le service de réseau en mode sans connexion
(ISO 8473)
Reference number
ISO/IEC 10589:2002(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2002
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ISO/IEC 10589:2002(E)
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ISO/IEC 10589:2002(E)
Contents
1 Scope ___________________________________________________________________________ 1
2 Normative references ______________________________________________________________ 1
3 Definitions_______________________________________________________________________ 3
3.1 Reference model definitions____________________________________________________________ 3
3.2 Network layer architecture definitions___________________________________________________ 3
3.3 Network layer addressing definitions ____________________________________________________ 3
3.4 Local area network definitions _________________________________________________________ 3
3.5 Routeing framework definitions ________________________________________________________ 3
3.6 Additional definitions _________________________________________________________________ 3
4 Symbols and abbreviations__________________________________________________________ 5
4.1 Data units___________________________________________________________________________ 5
4.2 Protocol data units ___________________________________________________________________ 5
4.3 Addresses___________________________________________________________________________ 5
4.4 Miscellaneous _______________________________________________________________________ 5
5 Typographical conventions _________________________________________________________ 6
6 Overview of the protocol____________________________________________________________ 6
6.1 System types ________________________________________________________________________ 6
6.2 Subnetwork types ____________________________________________________________________ 7
6.3 Topologies __________________________________________________________________________ 7
6.4 Addresses___________________________________________________________________________ 8
6.5 Functional organisation _______________________________________________________________ 8
6.6 Design goals and non-goals ____________________________________________________________ 9
6.7 Environmental requirements__________________________________________________________ 11
6.8 Functional organisation of subnetwork independent components____________________________ 12
7 Subnetwork independent functions __________________________________________________ 14
7.1 Addresses__________________________________________________________________________ 15
7.2 Decision process ____________________________________________________________________ 18
7.3 Update process _____________________________________________________________________ 26
7.4 Forwarding process _________________________________________________________________ 45
7.5 Routeing constants and parameters ____________________________________________________ 48
8 Subnetwork dependent functions____________________________________________________ 49
8.1 Multi-destination circuits on ISs at a domain boundary _________________________________ 49
8.2 Point-to-point subnetworks ___________________________________________________________ 50
8.3 ISO 8208 subnetworks _______________________________________________________________ 54
8.4 Broadcast subnetworks ______________________________________________________________ 59
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ISO/IEC 10589:2002(E)
9 Structure and encoding of PDUs____________________________________________________ 65
9.1 General encoding rules_______________________________________________________________65
9.2 Encoding of network layer addresses ___________________________________________________65
9.3 Encoding of SNPA addresses__________________________________________________________65
9.4 PDU types _________________________________________________________________________66
9.5 Level 1 LAN IS to IS hello PDU _______________________________________________________66
9.6 Level 2 LAN IS to IS hello PDU _______________________________________________________69
9.7 Point-to-point IS to IS hello PDU ______________________________________________________72
9.8 Level 1 link state PDU _______________________________________________________________75
9.9 Level 2 link state PDU _______________________________________________________________79
9.10 Level 1 complete sequence numbers PDU _________________________________________________84
9.11 Level 2 complete sequence numbers PDU _________________________________________________86
9.12 Level 1 partial sequence numbers PDU___________________________________________________88
9.13 Level 2 partial sequence numbers PDU___________________________________________________90
10 System environment _______________________________________________________________ 91
10.1 Generating jitter on timers _____________________________________________________________91
10.2 Resolution of timers___________________________________________________________________92
10.3 Requirements on the operation of ISO 9542 _______________________________________________93
10.4 Requirements on the operation of ISO 8473 _______________________________________________93
11 System management_______________________________________________________________ 93
11.1 General _____________________________________________________________________________93
--11.2 GDMO definition ______________________________________________________________ 94
--11.2.1 Common GDMO definitions_________________________________________________________94
--11.3 ASN1 modules _____________________________________________________________________127
12 Conformance ___________________________________________________________________ 129
12.1 Conformance for protocol implementation_______________________________________________129
12.1.2 Dynamic conformance ______________________________________________________________131
12.2 Conformance for management information implementation ________________________________133
Annex A__________________________________________________________________________ 135
A.1 Introduction_________________________________________________________________________135
A.2 Abbreviations and special symbols ______________________________________________________135
A.3 Instructions for completing the pics pro formas ___________________________________________135
A.4 Identification ________________________________________________________________________138
A.5 Protocol summary: ISO 10589 general___________________________________________________139
A.6 Protocol summary: ISO 10589 level 1 specific functions_____________________________________143
A.7 Protocol summary: ISO 10589 level 2 specific functions_____________________________________144
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ISO/IEC 10589:2002(E)
Annex B __________________________________________________________________________ 146
B.1 Addressing and routeing ______________________________________________________________ 146
B.2 Use of the area address field in intra-domain routeing ______________________________________ 148
Annex C __________________________________________________________________________ 150
C.1 Routeing databases ___________________________________________________________________ 150
C.3 Forwarding process __________________________________________________________________ 156
Annex D__________________________________________________________________________ 158
D.1 Congestion control ___________________________________________________________________ 158
D.2 Congestion avoidance _________________________________________________________________ 159
Annex E __________________________________________________________________________ 160
--E.1 Generic managed object class definitions _______________________________________________ 160
--E.2 ASN.1 definitions ___________________________________________________________________ 167
Annex F __________________________________________________________________________ 169
Annex G__________________________________________________________________________ 170
G.1 Introduction ________________________________________________________________________ 170
G.2 Identification of the implementation_____________________________________________________ 171
G.3 Identification of the International Standard in which the management information is defined ____ 171
Annex H__________________________________________________________________________ 175
H.1 Introduction ________________________________________________________________________ 175
H.2 Instructions for completing the MICS proforma to produce a MICS__________________________ 175
H.3 Symbols, abbreviates and terms ________________________________________________________ 175
H.4 Statement of Conformance to the management information _________________________________ 175
Annex I __________________________________________________________________________ 182
I.1 Introduction _________________________________________________________________________ 182
I.2 Adjacency managed object _____________________________________________________________ 182
I.3 Virtual adjacency managed object _______________________________________________________ 185
I.4 Destination system managed object ______________________________________________________ 187
I.5 Destination area managed object ________________________________________________________ 188
I.6 reachableAddress [“ISO/IEC 10589”] ____________________________________________________ 190
Annex J __________________________________________________________________________ 195
J.1 Introduction _________________________________________________________________________ 195
J.2 Instructions for completing the MRCS proforma for name binding to produce a MRCS__________ 195
J.3 Statement of conformance to the name binding ____________________________________________ 195
Index ____________________________________________________________________________ 197
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ISO/IEC 10589:2002(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the
specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the
development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with
particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other
international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In
the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by
the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires
approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 10589 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 6,
Telecommunications and information exchange between systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 10589:1992), which has been technically revised. It
incorporates Cor.1:1993, Cor.2:1996, Cor.3:1996, Amd.1:1996 and Amd.2:1999.
Annexes A, E, G, H, I and J form a normative part of this International Standard. Annexes B, C, D and F are for information
only.
Annexes G, H, I and J provide ICS proformas associated with intra-domain routeing protocol management information.
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ISO/IEC 10589:2002(E)
Introduction
This International Standard is one of a set of International Standards produced to facilitate the interconnection of open systems.
The set of standards covers the services and protocols required to achieve such interconnection.
The protocol defined in this International Standard is positioned with respect to other related standards by the layers defined in
ISO 7498 and by the structure defined in ISO 8648. In particular, it is a protocol of the Network Layer. This protocol permits
Intermediate Systems within a routeing domain to exchange configuration and routeing information to facilitate the operation
of the routeing and relaying functions of the Network Layer.
The protocol is designed to operate in close conjunction with ISO 9542 and ISO 8473. ISO 9542 is used to establish
connectivity and reachability between End Systems and Intermediate Systems on individual subnetworks. Data is carried
using the protocol specified in ISO 8473. The related algorithms for route calculation and maintenance are also described.
The intra-domain IS-IS routeing protocol is intended to support large routeing domains consisting of combinations of many
types of subnetworks. This includes point-to-point links, multipoint links, X.25 subnetworks, and broadcast subnetworks such
as ISO 8802 LANs.
In order to support large routeing domains, provision is made for intra-domain routeing to be organised hierarchically. A large
domain may be administratively divided into areas. Each system resides in exactly one area. Routeing within an area is
referred to as Level 1 routeing. Routeing between areas is referred to as Level 2 routeing. Level 2 Intermediate Systems keep
track of the paths to destination areas. Level 1 Intermediate Systems keep track of the routeing within their own area. For an
NPDU destined to another area, a Level 1 Intermediate System sends the NPDU to the nearest level 2 IS in its own area,
regardless of what the destination area is. Then the NPDU travels via level 2 routeing to the destination area, where it again
travels via level 1 routeing to the destination End System.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 10589:2002(E)
Information technology – Telecommunications and information exchange between
systems – Intermediate System to Intermediate System intra-domain routeing
information exchange protocol for use in conjunction with the protocol for providing
the connectionless-mode network service (ISO 8473)
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a protocol which is used by Network Layer entities operating the protocol specified in
ISO 8473 in Intermediate Systems to maintain routeing information for the purpose of routeing within a single routeing
domain. The protocol specified in this International Standard relies upon the provision of a connectionless-mode underlying
1)
service.
This International Standard specifies:
a) procedures for the transmission of configuration and routeing information between network entities residing in
Intermediate Systems within a single routeing domain;
b) the encoding of the protocol data units used for the transmission of the configuration and routeing information;
c) procedures for the correct interpretation of protocol control information; and
d) the functional requirements for implementations claiming conformance to this International Standard.
The procedures are defined in terms of
a) the interactions between Intermediate system Network entities through the exchange of protocol data units;
b) the interactions between a Network entity and an underlying service provider through the exchange of subnetwork service
primitives; and
c) the constraints on route determination which must be observed by each Intermediate system when each has a routeing
information base which is consistent with the others.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this
International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not
apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of
applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the
normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International
Standards.
ISO/IEC 7498-1:1994, Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection – Basic Reference Model: The Basic Model
ISO/IEC 7498-3:1997, Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection – Basic Reference Model: Naming and
addressing
ISO/IEC 7498-4:1989, Information processing systems – Open Systems Interconnection – Basic Reference Model – Part 4:
Management framework
ISO/IEC 8208:2000, Information technology – Data communications – X.25 Packet Layer Protocol for Data Terminal
Equipment
1)
See ISO 8473 and its addendum 3 for the mechanisms necessary to realize this service on subnetworks based on ISO/IEC 8208,
ISO 8802, and the OSI Data Link Service.
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ISO/IEC 10589:2002(E)
ISO/IEC 8348:1996, Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection – Network Service Definition
ISO/IEC 8473-1:1998, Information technology – Protocol for providing the connectionless-mode network service: Protocol
specification
ISO/IEC 8473-4:1995, Information technology – Protocol for providing the connectionless-mode network service: Provision of
the underlying service by a subnetwork that provides the OSI data link service
ISO 8648:1988, Information processing systems – Open Systems Interconnection – Internal organization of the Network Layer
ISO/IEC TR 8802-1:1997, Information technology – Telecommunications and information exchange between systems – Local
and metropolitan area networks – Specific requirements – Part 1: Overview of Local Area Network Standards
ISO/IEC 8802-2:1998, Information technology – Telecommunications and information exchange between systems – Local and
metropolitan area networks – Specific requirements – Part 2: Logical link control
ISO/IEC 8802-3:2000, Information technology – Telecommunications and information exchange between systems – Local and
metropolitan area networks – Specific requirements – Part 3: Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection
(CSMA/CD) access method and physical layer specifications
ISO/IEC 8802-5:1998, Information technology – Telecommunications and information exchange between systems – Local and
metropolitan area networks – Specific requirements – Part 5: Token ring access method and physical layer specifications
ISO/IEC 8802-6:1994, Information technology – Telecommunications and information exchange between systems – Local and
metropolitan area networks – Specific requirements – Part 6: Distributed Queue Dual Bus (DQDB) access method and
physical layer specifications
ISO/IEC 9314 (all parts), Information technology – Fibre Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)
ISO 9542:1988, Information processing systems – Telecommunications and information exchange between systems – End
system to Intermediate system routeing exchange protocol for use in conjunction with the Protocol for providing the
connectionless-mode network service (ISO 8473)
ISO/IEC TR 9575:1995, Information technology – Telecommunications and information exchange between systems – OSI
Routeing Framework
ISO/IEC TR 9577:1999, Information technology – Protocol identification in the network layer
ISO/IEC 15802-1:1995, Information technology – Telecommunications and information exchange between systems – Local
and metropolitan area networks – Common specifications – Part 1: Medium Access Control (MAC) service definition
ISO/IEC 10165-1:1993, Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection – Management Information Services –
Structure of management information: Management Information Model
ISO/IEC 10165-4:1992, Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection – Structure of management information –
Part 4: Guidelines for the definition of managed objects
ISO/IEC 10733:1998, Information technology – Elements of management information related to the OSI Network Layer
ISO/IEC 8824-1:1998, Information technology – Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Specification of basic notation
ISO/IEC 8825-1:1998, Information technology – ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Basic Encoding Rules (BER),
Canonical Encoding Rules (CER) and Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER)
ISO/IEC 9646-7:1995, Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection – Conformance testing methodology and
framework – Part 7: Implementation Conformance Statements
ISO/IEC 10165-6:1997, Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection – Structure of management information:
Requirements and guidelines for implementation conformance statement proformas associated with OSI management
NOTE 1 – ISO/IEC 9646-1:1994 and ISO/IEC 9646-2:1994 supersede ISO/IEC 9646-1:1991 and ISO/IEC 9646-2:1991 respectively. However, when
this International Standard was under development, the previous editions were valid and this International Standard is therefore based on these editions,
which are listed below.
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ISO/IEC 10589:2002(E)
ISO/IEC 9646-1:1991, Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection – Conformance testing methodology and
framework – Part 1: General concepts
ISO/IEC 9646-2:1991, Information technology – Open Systems Interconnection – Conformance testing methodology and
framework – Part 2: Abstract test suite specification
3 Definitions
3.1 Reference model definitions
This International Standard makes use of the following terms defined in ISO 7498:
a) Network Layer
b) Network Service access point
c) Network Service access point address
d) Network entity
e) Routeing
f) Network protocol
g) Network relay
h) Network protocol data unit
3.2 Network layer architecture definitions
This International Standard makes use of the following terms defined in ISO 8648:
a) Subnetwork
b) End system
c) Intermediate system
d) Subnetwork service
e) Subnetwork Access Protocol
f) Subnetwork Dependent Convergence Protocol
g) Subnetwork Independent Convergence Protocol
3.3 Network layer addressing definitions
This International Standard makes use of the following terms defined in ISO 8348:
a) Subnetwork address
b) Subnetwork point of attachment
c) Network Entity Title
3.4 Local area network definitions
This International Standard makes use of the following terms defined in ISO 8802:
a) Multi-destination address
b) Media access control
c) Broadcast medium
3.5 Routeing framework definitions
This International Standard makes use of the following terms defined in ISO/IEC TR 9575:
a) Administrative Domain
b) Routeing Domain
c) Hop
d) Black hole
3.6 Additional definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply:
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ISO/IEC 10589:2002(E)
3.6.1 area: A routeing subdomain which maintains detailed routeing information about its own internal composition, and also
maintains routeing information which allows it to reach other routeing subdomains. It corresponds to the Level 1
subdomain.
3.6.2 neighbour: An adjacent system reachable by traversal of a single subnetwork by a PDU.
3.6.3 adjacency: A portion of the local routeing information which pertains to the reachability of a single neighbour ES or IS
over a single circuit.
Adjacencies are used as input to the Decision Process for forming paths through the routeing domain.
A separate adjacency is created for each neighbour on a circuit, and for each level of routeing (i.e. level 1 and level 2)
on a broadcast circuit.
3.6.4 circuit: A subset of the local routeing information base pertinent to a single local SNPA. The system management view
of a circuit is presented in a linkage managed object.
3.6.5 link: The communication path between two neighbours.
A link is “up” when communication is possible between the two SNPAs.
3.6.6 designated IS: The Intermediate system on a LAN, which is designated to perform additional duties. In particular it
generates Link State PDUs on behalf of the LAN, treating the LAN as a pseudonode.
3.6.7 pseudonode: Where a broadcast subnetwork has n connected Intermediate systems, the broadcast subnetwork itself is
considered to be a pseudonode.
The pseudonode has links to each of the n Intermediate and End systems. Each of the ISs has a single link to the
pseudonode (rather than n-1 links to each of the other Intermediate systems). Link State PDUs are generated on behalf
of the pseudonode by the Designated IS. This is depicted below in figure 1.
3.6.8 broadcast subnetwork: A subnetwork which supports an arbitrary number of End systems and Intermediate systems and
additionally is capable of transmitting a single SNPDU to a subset of these systems in response to a single
SN_UNITDATA request.
3.6.9 general topology subnetwork: A subnetwork which supports an arbitrary number of End systems and Intermediate
systems, but does not support a convenient multi-destination connectionless transmission facility, as does a broadcast
subnetwork.
3.6.10 routeing subdomain: a set of Intermediate systems and End systems located within the same Routeing domain.
3.6.11 level 2 subdomain: the set of all Level 2 Intermediate systems in a Routeing domain.
3.6.12 jitter: a small random variation introduced into the value of a timer to prevent multiple timer expirations in different
systems from becoming synchronised.
IS IS IS IS IS IS
pseudo-
node
ES ES
Figure 1 - Use of a pseudonode to collapse a LAN Topology
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ISO/IEC 10589:2002(E)
4 Symbols and abbreviations
4.1 Data units
PDU Protocol Data Unit
SNSDU Subnetwork Service Data Unit
NSDU Network Service Data Unit
NPDU Network Protocol Data Unit
SNPDU Subnetwork Protocol Data Unit
4.2 Protocol data units
ESH PDU ISO 9542 End System Hello Protocol Data Unit
ISH PDU ISO 9542 Intermediate System Hello Protocol
Data Unit
RD PDU ISO 9542 Redirect Protocol Data Unit
IIH PDU Intermediate System to Intermediate System
Protocol Data Unit
LSP Link State Protocol Data Unit
SNP Sequence Numbers Protocol Data Unit
CSNP Complete Sequence Numbers Protocol Data
Unit
PSNP Partial Sequence Numbers Protocol Data Unit
4.3 Addresses
AFI Authority and Format Indicator
DSP Domain Specific Part
IDI Initial Domain Ide
...
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