ISO/IEC 14517:1996
(Main)Information technology — 130 mm optical disk cartridges for information interchange — Capacity: 2,6 Gbytes per cartridge
Information technology — 130 mm optical disk cartridges for information interchange — Capacity: 2,6 Gbytes per cartridge
Defines a series of related 130 mm optical disk cartridges (ODCs). Gives the conditions for conformance testing and the Reference Drive, mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics, the format of the information, the magneto-optical characteristics and the minimum quality of user-written data.
Technologies de l'information — Cartouches de disque optique de 130 mm pour l'échange d'information — Capacité: 2,6 Gbytes par cartouche
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 14517
First edition
1996-12-15
Corrected and reprinted
1998-07-15
Information technology — 130 mm optical
disk cartridges for information
interchange — Capacity: 2,6 Gbytes per
cartridge
Technologies de l’information — Cartouches de disque optique de 130 mm
pour l’échange d’information — Capacité: 2,6 Gbytes par cartouche
Reference number
B C
ISO/IEC 14517:1996(E)
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ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
Contents
Page
Section 1 - General 1
1 Scope 1
2 Conformance 2
2.1 Optical Disk Cartridge (ODC) 2
2.2 Generating system 2
2.3 Receiving system 2
2.4 Compatibility statement 2
3 Normative reference 2
4 Definitions 2
4.1 band 2
4.2 case 2
4.3 clamping zone 2
4.4 control track 2
4.5 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) 2
4.6 defect management 2
4.7 direct overwrite 2
4.8 disk reference plane 2
4.9 entrance surface 2
4.10 Error Correction Code (ECC) 2
4.11 format 2
4.12 hub 2
4.13 interleaving 2
4.14 Kerr rotation 3
4.15 land and groove 3
4.16 logical track 3
4.17 mark 3
4.18 mark edge 3
4.19 mark edge recording 3
4.20 optical disk 3
4.21 optical disk cartridge (ODC) 3
4.22 physical track 3
4.23 polarization 3
4.24 pre-recorded mark 3
©ISO/IEC 1996
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be
reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
ISO/IEC Copyright Office · Case Postale 56 · CH-1211 Genève 20 · Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
4.25 read power 3
4.26 recording layer 3
4.27 Reed-Solomon code 3
4.28 space 3
4.29 spindle 3
4.30 substrate 3
4.31 track pitch 3
4.32 write-inhibit hole 3
4.33 write-once functionality 3
4.34 zone 3
5 Conventions and notations 4
5.1 Representation of numbers 4
5.2 Names 4
6 List of acronyms 4
7 General description of the optical disk cartridge 5
8 General requirements 5
8.1 Environments 5
8.1.1 Test environment 5
8.1.2 Operating environment 5
8.1.3 Storage environment 6
8.1.4 Transportation 6
8.2 Temperature shock 6
8.3 Safety requirements 6
8.4 Flammability 6
9 Reference Drive 6
9.1 Optical system 6
9.2 Optical beam 8
9.3 Read channels 8
9.4 Tracking 8
9.5 Rotation of the disk 8
Section 2 - Mechanical and physical characteristics 9
10 Dimensional and physical characteristics of the case 9
10.1 General description of the case 9
10.2 Relationship of Sides A and B 9
10.3 Reference axes and case reference planes 9
10.4 Case drawings 9
10.5 Dimensions of the case 9
10.5.1 Overall dimensions 9
10.5.2 Location hole 10
10.5.3 Alignment hole 10
10.5.4 Surfaces on Reference Planes P 11
10.5.5 Insertion slots and detent features 12
10.5.6 Gripper slots 12
10.5.7 Write-inhibit holes 13
10.5.8 Media sensor holes 13
10.5.9 Head and motor window 14
10.5.10 Shutter 14
10.5.11 Slot for shutter opener 15
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ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E) ISO/IEC
10.5.12 Shutter sensor notch 15
10.5.13 User label areas 16
10.6 Mechanical characteristics 16
10.6.1 Materials 16
10.6.2 Mass 16
10.6.3 Edge distortion 16
10.6.4 Compliance 16
10.6.5 Shutter opening force 16
10.7 Drop test 16
11 Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk 17
11.1 General description of the disk 17
11.2 Reference axis and plane of the disk 17
11.3 Dimensions of the disk 17
11.3.1 Hub dimension 17
11.4 Mechanical characteristics 18
11.4.1 Material 18
11.4.2 Mass 18
11.4.3 Moment of inertia 18
11.4.4 Imbalance 18
11.4.5 Axial deflection 19
11.4.6 Axial acceleration 19
11.4.7 Radial runout 19
11.4.8 Radial acceleration 19
11.4.9 Tilt 20
11.5 Optical characteristics 20
11.5.1 Index of refraction 20
11.5.2 Thickness 20
11.5.3 Birefringence 20
11.5.4 Vertical Birefringence 20
11.5.5 Reflectance 20
12 Interface between cartridge and drive 21
12.1 Clamping method 21
12.2 Clamping force 21
12.3 Capture cylinder 21
12.4 Disk position in the operating condition 21
Section 3 - Format of information 36
13 Track geometry 36
13.1 Track shape 36
13.2 Direction of track spiral 36
13.3 Track pitch 36
13.4 Logical track number 36
13.5 Physical track number 36
14 Track format 36
14.1 Physical track layout 36
14.2 Logical track layout 37
14.3 Radial alignment 37
14.4 Sector number 37
15 Sector format 37
15.1 Sector layout 37
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
15.2 Sector Mark 38
15.3 VFO fields 39
15.4 Address Mark (AM) 40
15.5 ID fields 40
15.6 Postamble (PA) 41
15.7 Gap 41
15.8 Flag 41
15.9 Auto Laser Power Control (ALPC) 42
15.10 Sync 42
15.11 Data field 42
15.11.1 User data bytes 42
15.11.2 CRC and ECC bytes 42
15.11.3 Bytes for the Sector Written Flag (SWF) 43
15.11.4 Bytes following the SWF in the Data field of the 512-byte sector format 43
15.11.5 Resync bytes 43
15.12 Buffer field 43
16 Recording code 43
17 Formatted Zone 44
17.1 General description of the Formatted Zone 44
17.2 Division of the Formatted Zone 44
17.2.1 Lead-in Zone 46
17.2.2 Manufacturer Zones 46
17.2.3 User Zone 47
17.2.4 Reflective Zone 47
17.2.5 Control Track Zones 47
17.3 Control Track PEP Zone 47
17.3.1 Recording in the PEP Zone 47
17.3.2 Format of the tracks of the PEP Zone 48
17.4 Control Track SFP Zones 52
17.4.1 Duplicate of the PEP information 52
17.4.2 Media information 53
17.4.3 System Information 55
18 Layout of the User Zone 57
18.1 General description of the User Zone 57
18.2 Divisions of the User Zone 57
18.3 User Area 57
18.4 Defect Management Areas (DMAs) 60
18.5 Disk Definition Structure (DDS) 60
18.6 Rewritable Zone 62
18.6.1 Location 63
18.6.2 Partitioning 63
18.7 Embossed Zone 63
18.7.1 Location 63
18.7.2 Partitioning 63
18.7.3 Parity sectors 63
18.8 Write Once Zone 64
18.8.1 Location 64
18.8.2 Partitioning 64
19 Defect Management in the Rewritable and Write Once Zones 64
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ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E) ISO/IEC
19.1 Initialization of the disk 64
19.2 Certification 64
19.2.1 Slipping Algorithm 64
19.2.2 Linear Replacement Algorithm 65
19.3 Disks not certified 65
19.4 Write procedure 65
19.5 Primary Defect List (PDL) 65
19.6 Secondary Defect List (SDL) 66
Section 4 - Characteristics of embossed information 67
20 Method of testing 67
20.1 Environment 67
20.2 Use of the Reference Drive 67
20.2.1 Optics and mechanics 67
20.2.2 Read power 68
20.2.3 Read channels 68
20.2.4 Tracking 68
20.3 Definition of signals 68
21 Signal from grooves 70
21.1 Cross-track signal 70
21.2 Cross Track Minimum Signal 70
21.3 Push-pull signal 71
21.4 Divided push-pull signal 71
21.5 Phase depth 72
21.6 Track location 72
22 Signals from Headers 72
22.1 Sector Mark Signals 72
22.2 VFO signals 72
22.3 Address Mark, ID and PA signals 72
22.4 Timing jitter 73
23 Signals from embossed Recording fields 73
23.1 Signal amplitude 73
23.2 Modulation method offset 73
23.3 Timing Jitter 74
23.4 Byte Errors 74
24 Signals from Control Track PEP marks 74
Section 5 - Characteristics of the recording layer 75
25 Method of testing 75
25.1 Environment 75
25.2 Reference Drive 75
25.2.1 Optics and mechanics 75
25.2.2 Read power 75
25.2.3 Read Channel 75
25.2.4 Tracking 75
25.2.5 Signal detection for testing purposes 75
25.3 Write conditions 75
25.3.1 Write pulse and power 75
25.3.2 Write magnetic field 76
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
25.3.3 Pulse power determination 76
25.3.4 Media power sensitivity 76
25.4 Erase conditions 77
25.4.1 Erase power 77
25.4.2 Erase magnetic field 77
25.5 Definition of signals 77
26 Magneto-optical characteristics 77
26.1 Figure of merit for magneto-optical signal 77
26.2 Imbalance of magneto-optical signal 78
27 Write characteristics 78
27.1 Resolution 78
27.2 Narrow-band signal-to-noise ratio 79
27.3 Cross-talk ratio 79
27.3.1 Rewritable track test method 79
27.3.2 Embossed track test method 80
27.4 Timing Jitter 80
27.5 Media thermal interaction 80
28 Erase power determination 81
Section 6 - Characteristics of user data 82
29 Method of testing 82
29.1 Environment 82
29.2 Reference Drive 82
29.2.1 Optics and mechanics 82
29.2.2 Read power 82
29.2.3 Read amplifiers 82
29.2.4 Mark Quality 82
29.2.5 Channel bit clock 83
29.2.6 Binary-to-digital converters 83
29.2.7 Error correction 83
29.2.8 Tracking 83
30 Minimum quality of a sector 83
30.1 Headers 83
30.1.1 Sector Mark 83
30.1.2 ID fields 83
30.2 User-written data 83
30.2.1 Recording field 83
30.2.2 Byte errors 83
30.2.3 Modulation method offset 84
30.2.4 Timing jitter 84
31 Data interchange requirements 84
31.1 Tracking 84
31.2 User-written data 84
31.3 Embossed data 84
31.4 Quality of disk 84
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ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E) ISO/IEC
Annexes
A - Air cleanliness class 100 000 85
B - Edge distortion test 86
C - Compliance test 88
D - Test method for measuring the adsorbent force of the hub 90
E - CRC for ID fields 92
F - Interleave, CRC, ECC, Resync for the data field 93
G - Determination of Resync pattern 99
H - Read Channel for measuring NBSNR and jitter 104
J - Timing jitter measuring procedure 106
K - Definition of write pulse shape 108
L - Measurement of figure of merit 110
M - Implementation Independent Mark Quality Determination (IIMQD) for the interchange of recorded media 111
N - Requirements for interchange 113
P - Measurement implementation for Cross-track signal 115
Q - Office environment 116
R - Derivation of the operating climatic environment 117
S - Transportation 122
T - Sector retirement guidelines 123
U - Track deviation measurement 124
V - Values to be implemented in existing and future standards 128
W - Measurement of the vertical birefringence of the substrate 129
X - Guidelines for the use of Type WO and WO-DOW ODCs 131
Y - Laser power calibration for evaluation of media power sensitivity 132
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the
specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the
development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with
particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other
international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. Draft
International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO/IEC 14517 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 23, Optical disk cartridges for information interchange.
Annexes A to P form an integral part of this International Standard. Annexes Q to Y are for information only.
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ISO/IEC
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
Information technology — 130 mm optical disk cartridges for information
interchange — Capacity: 2,6 Gbytes per cartridge
Section 1 - General
1 Scope
This International Standard defines a series of related 130 mm optical disk cartridges (ODCs) by using a number of Type
designations.
A disk has two sides, called Side A and Side B. Each side can have a nominal capacity of 1,3 Gbytes.
Type R/W provides for data to be written, read and erased many times over the recording surface of the corresponding
disk side, using thermo-magnetic and magneto-optical effects.
Type P-ROM provides for a part of the disk surface to be pre-recorded and reproduced by stamping or other means. This
part of the disk is read without recourse to the magneto-optical effect. All parts which are not pre-recorded
provide for data to meet the requirements of Type R/W.
Type O-ROM provides for the whole of the disk surface to be pre-recorded and reproduced by stamping or other means.
The corresponding disk sides are read without recourse to the magneto-optical effect.
Type DOW provides for data to be written and read many times over the recording surface of the corresponding disk
side, using the direct overwrite thermo-magnetic and magneto-optical effects requiring a single external
magnetic field.
Type P-DOW provides for a part of the disk surface to be pre-recorded and reproduced by stamping or other means. This
part of the disk is read without recourse to the magneto-optical effect. All parts which are not pre-recorded
provide for data to meet the requirements of Type DOW.
Type WO provides write once, read multiple functionality using the thermo-magnetic and magneto-optical effects.
Type WO-DOW
provides write once, read multiple functionality using the direct overwrite thermo-magnetic and magneto-
optical effects.
In addition, for each Type, this International Standard provides for cartridges with a sector size of 512 bytes and cartridges
with a sector size of 1 024 bytes. All sectors of a disk are the same size.
This International Standard specifies
– the conditions for conformance testing and the Reference Drive;
– the environments in which the cartridges are to be operated and stored;
– the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the cartridge, so as to provide mechanical interchangeability
between data processing systems;
the format of the information on the disk, both embossed and user-written, including the physical disposition of the tracks
–
and sectors, the error correction codes, the modulation methods used;
– the characteristics of the embossed information on the disk;
the magneto-optical characteristics of the disk, enabling processing systems to writedata onto the disk;
–
– the minimum quality of user-written data on the disk, enabling data processing systems to read data from the disk.
This International Standard provides for interchange between optical disk drives. Together with a Standard for volume and file
structure it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems.
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ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E) ISO/IEC
2 Conformance
2.1 Optical Disk Cartridge: A claim of conformance shall specify the Type of the ODC. It shall be in conformance
with this International Standard if it meets all mandatory requirements specified therein for that Type.
2.2 Generating system: A claim of conformance with this International Standard shall specify which of Types R/W,
DOW, P-ROM, P-DOW, O-ROM, WO and WO-DOW is(are) supported. A system generating an ODC for interchange shall
be in conformance with this International Standard if it meets the mandatory requirements of this Standard for the Type(s)
supported.
2.3 Receiving system: A claim of conformance with this International Standard shall specify which Type(s) is(are)
supported.
A system receiving an ODC for interchange shall be in conformance with this International Standard if it is able to process any
recording made on the cartridge according to 2.1 on the Type(s) specified.
2.4 Compatibility statement: A claim of conformance with this International Standard shall include a statement
listing any other International Optical Disk Cartridge Standard supported by the system for which conformance is claimed.
This statement shall specify the number of the standard(s), including, where appropriate, the ODC Type(s), or the Types of
side, and whether support includes reading only or both reading and writing.
3 Normative reference
The following standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International
Standard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to
agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent
edition of the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
IEC 950:1991, Safety of information technology equipment, including electrical business equipment.
4 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply.
4.1 band: An annular area within the user zone on the disk having a constant clock frequency.
4.2 case: The housing for an optical disk, that protects the disk and facilitates disk interchange.
4.3 clamping zone: The annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device.
4.4 control track: A track containing the information on media parameters and format necessary for writing, reading
and erasing the remaining tracks on the optical disk.
4.5 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC): A method for detecting errors in data.
4.6 defect management: A method for handling the defective areas on the disk.
4.7 direct overwrite: a thermo-magnetic recording method using a specially designed media that does not require a
separate erase pass.
4.8 disk reference plane: A plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the
clamping zone of the disk is clamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation.
4.9 entrance surface: The surface of the disk on to which the optical beam first impinges.
4.10 Error Correction Code (ECC): An error-detecting code designed to correct certain kinds of errors in data.
4.11 format: The arrangement or layout of information on the disk.
4.12 hub: The central feature on the disk which interacts with the spindle of the disk drive to provide radial centring and
the clamping force.
The process of allocating the physical sequence of units of data so as to render the data more immune
4.13 interleaving:
to burst errors.
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
4.14 Kerr rotation: The rotation of the plane of polarization of an optical beam upon reflection from the recording layer
as caused by the magneto-optical Kerr effect.
4.15 land and groove: A trench-like feature of the disk, applied before the recording of any information, and used to
define the track location. The groove is located nearer to the entrance surface than the land with which it is paired to form a
track.
4.16 logical track: Either 31 consecutive sectors for 512-byte sector disks or 17 consecutive sectors for disks with 1 024-
byte sector in one or more physical tracks. The first sector of each logical track is assigned sector number 0.
4.17 mark: A feature of the recording layer which may take the form of a magnetic domain, a pit, or any other type or
form that can be sensed by the optical system. The pattern of marks represents the data on the disk.
NOTE - Subdivisions of a sector which are named "mark" are not marks in the sense of this definition.
4.18 mark edge: The transition between a region with a mark and one without a mark or vice versa, along the track.
4.19 mark edge recording: A recording method which uses a mark edge to represent a Channel bit.
4.20 optical disk: A disk that will accept and retain information in the form of marks in a recording layer, that can be
read with an optical beam.
4.21 optical disk cartridge (ODC): A device consisting of a case containing an optical disk.
4.22 physical track: The path which is followed by the focus of the optical beam during one revolution of the disk. This
path is not directly addressable.
4.23 polarization: The direction of polarization of an optical beam is the direction of the electric vector of the beam.
NOTE - The plane of polarization is the plane containing the electric vector and the direction of propagation of the beam. The polarization is
right-handed when to an observer looking in the direction of propagation of the beam, the end-point of the electric vector would appear to describe an ellipse
in the clockwise sense.
4.24 pre-recorded mark: A mark so formed as to be unalterable by magneto-optical means.
The read power is the optical power, incident at the entrance surface of the disk, used when reading.
4.25 read power:
NOTE - It is specified as a maximum power that may be used without damage to the written data. Lower power may be used providing that the
signal-to-noise ratio and other requirements of this International Standard are met.
4.26 recording layer: A layer of the disk on, or in, which data is written during manufacture and/or use.
4.27 Reed-Solomon code: An error detection and/or correction code which is particularly suited to the correction of
errors which occur in bursts or are strongly correlated.
4.28 space: The area between marks along the track.
4.29 spindle: The part of the disk drive which contacts the disk and/or hub.
4.30 substrate: A transparent layer of the disk, provided for mechanical support of the recording layer, through which
the optical beam accesses the recording layer.
4.31 track pitch: The distance between adjacent track centrelines, measured in a radial direction.
4.32 write-inhibit hole: A hole in the case which, when detected by the drive to be open, inhibits both write and erase
operations.
4.33 write-once functionality: A technique whereby a rewritable MO ODC is restricted to initialization and writing
once only; erase is not permitted.
4.34 zone: An annular area of the disk.
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ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E) ISO/IEC
5 Conventions and notations
5.1 Representation of numbers
– A measured value is rounded off to the least significant digit of the corresponding specified value. It implies that a
specified value of 1,26 with a positive tolerance of +0,01, and a negative tolerance of -0,02 allows a range of measured
values from 1,235 to 1,275.
Letters and digits in parentheses represent numbers in hexadecimal notation.
–
– The setting of a bit is denoted by ZERO or ONE.
– Numbers in binary notation and bit combinations are represented by strings of digits 0 and 1.
Numbers in binary notation and bit combinations are shown with the most significant bit to the left.
–
– Negative values of numbers in binary notation are given in TWO's complement.
– In each field the data is recorded so that the most significant byte (byte 0) is recorded first. Within each byte the least
significant bit is numbered 0 and is recorded last, the most significant bit (numbered 7 in an 8-bit byte) is recorded first.
This order of recording applies also to the data input of the Error Detection and Correction circuits and their output.
– Unless otherwise stated, groups of decimal digits of the form xx . x/yy . y indicate that the value xx . x applies to 1 024-
byte sectors and that the value yy . y applies to 512-byte sectors.
5.2 Names
The names of entities, e.g. specific tracks, fields, etc., are given with a capital initial.
6 List of acronyms
ALPC Auto Laser Power Control
AM Address Mark
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Code
DDS Disk Definition Structure
DMA Defect Management Area
DMP Defect Management Pointers
DOW Direct overwrite
ECC Error Correction Code
EDAC Error Detection And Correction
ID Identifier
LBA Logical Block Address
LSB Least Significant Byte
MO Magneto-Optical
MSB Most Significant Byte
NBSNR Narrow-Band Signal-to-Noise Ratio
ODC Optical Disk Cartridge
O-ROM Optical Read Only Memory
PA Postamble
PDL Primary Defect List
PEP Phase-Encoded Part of the Control Tracks
P-DOW Partial ROM direct overwrite
P-ROM Partial Read Only Memory
RLL(1,7) Run Length Limited (code)
R-S Reed-Solomon (code)
R/W Rewritable
R-S/LDC Reed-Solomon Long Distance Code
SCSI Small Computer System Interface
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ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
SDL Secondary Defect List
SFP Standard Formatted Part of the Control Tracks
SM Sector Mark
TIA Time Interval Analyzer
VFO Variable Frequency Oscillator
WO Write Once
WO-DOW Write once direct overwrite
ZCAV Zoned Constant Angular Velocity
7 General description of the optical disk cartridge
The optical disk cartridge which is the subject of this International Standard consists of a case containing an optical disk.
The case is a protective enclosure for the disk. It has access windows covered by a shutter. The windows are automatically
uncovered by the drive when the cartridge is inserted into it.
The optical disk consists of two sides assembled together with their recording layers on the inside.
The optical disk may be recordable on both sides. Data can be written onto the disk as marks in the form of magnetic domains
in the recording layer and can be erased from it with a focused optical beam, using the thermo-magnetic effect. Data may be
written over existing data by modulating the intensity of the optical beam. The data can be read with a focused optical beam,
using the magneto-optical effect. The beam accesses the recording layer through the transparent substrate of the disk.
Part of the disk or the entire disk may contain read-only data in the form of pre-embossed pits. This data can be read using the
diffraction of the optical beam by the embossed pits.
The entire disk may be used for write once recording of data using the thermo-magnetic effect. This data can be read using the
magneto-optic effect.
8 General requirements
8.1 Environments
8.1.1 Test environment
The test environment is the environment where the air immediately surrounding the optical disk cartridge has the following
properties:
temperature : 23 °C ± 2 °C
relative humidity : 45 % to 55 %
atmospheric pressure : 60 kPa to 106 kPa
air cleanliness : Class 100 000 (see annex A)
No condensation on or in the optical disk cartridge shall occur. Before testing, the optical disk cartridge shall be conditioned in
this environment for 48 h minimum. It is recommended that, before testing, the entrance surface of the disk be cleaned
according to the instructions of the manufacturer of the disk.
Unless otherwise stated, all tests and measurements shall be made in this test environment.
8.1.2 Operating environment
This International Standard requires that an optical disk cartridge which meets all requirements of this Standard in the
specified test environment provides data interchange over the specified ranges of environmental parameters in the operating
environment. (See also annex Q).
The operating environment is the environment where the air immediately surrounding the optical disk cartridge has the
following properties:
temperature : 5 °C to 55 °C
relative humidity : 3 % to 85 %
3 3
absolute humidity : 1 g/m
to 30 g/m
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ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E) ISO/IEC
atmospheric pressure : 60 kPa to 106 kPa
temperature gradient : 10 °C/h max.
relative humidity gradient : 10 %/h max.
air cleanliness : office environment (see also Q.1)
magnetic field strength at the recording layer for
any condition under which a beam is in focus : 32 000 A/m max. (see also Q.2)
magnetic field strength at the recording layer
during any other condition : 48 000 A/m max
No condensation on or in the optical disk cartridge shall occur. If an optical disk cartridge has been exposed to conditions
outside those specified in this clause, it shall be acclimatized in an allowed operating environment for at least 2 hours before
use. (See also annex R).
8.1.3 Storage environment
The optical disk cartridge without any protective enclosure shall not be stored in an environment outside the range allowed for
storage. The storage environment is defined as an environment where the air immediately surrounding the optical disk cartridge
has the following properties:
temperature : -10 °C to 55 °C
relative humidity : 3 % to 90 %
3 3
absolute humidity : 1 g/m to 30 g/m
atmospheric pressure : 60 kPa to 106 kPa
temperature gradient : 15 °C/h max.
relative humidity gradient : 10 %/h max.
air cleanliness : Office environment (see also Q.1)
magnetic field strength at the recording layer : 48 000 A/m max.
No condensation on or in the optical disk cartridge shall occur.
8.1.4 Transportation
This International Standard does not specify requirements for transportation; guidance is given in annex S.
8.2 Temperature shock
The optical disk cartridge shall withstand a temperature shock of up to 20 °C when inserted into, or removed from, the drive.
8.3 Safety requirements
The cartridge shall satisfy the safety requirements of Standard IEC 950, when used in the intended manner or in any foreseeable
use in an information processing system.
8.4 Flammability
The cartridge and its components shall be made from materials that comply with the flammability class for HB materials, or
better, as specified in IEC 950.
9 Reference Drive
The Reference Drive is a drive several critical components of which have well defined properties and which is used to test the
write, read and erase parameters of the disk for conformance to this International Standard. The critical components vary from
test to test. This clause gives an outline of all components; components critical for tests in specific clauses are specified in those
clauses.
9.1 Optical system
The basic set-up of the optical system of the Reference Drive used for measuring the write, read and erase parameters is shown
in figure 1. Different components and locations of components are permitted, provided that the performance remains the same
as that of the set-up in figure 1. The optical system shall be such that the detected light reflected from the entrance surface of
the disk is minimized so as not to influence the accuracy o
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
14517
STANDARD
First edition
1996-12-15
Information technology - 130 mm optical
disk cartridges for information
interchange - Capacity: 2,6 Gbytes per
cartridge
Technologies de /‘information - Cartouches de dkque optique de
130 mm pour I’kchange d’information - Capacitk 2,6 Gbytes par
cartouche
Reference number
lSQ/IEC 14517:1996(E)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
Contents
Page
Section 1 - General
1 Scope
2 Conformance
2.1 Optical Disk Cartridge (ODC)
2.2 Generating system
2.3 Receiving system
2.4 Compatibility statement
3 Normative reference
4 Definitions
4.1 band
4.2 case
4.3 clamping zone
4.4 control track
4.5 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
4.6 defect management
direct overwrite
4.7
4.8 disk reference blane
4.9 entrance surface
4.10 Error Correction Code (ECC)
4.11 format
4.12 hub
4.13 interleaving
4.14 Kerr rotation
4.15 land and groove
4.16 logical track
4.17 mark
4.18 mark edge
4.19 mark edge recording
4.20 optical disk
4.21 optical disk cartridge (ODC)
4.22 physical track
4.23 polarization
4.24 pre-recorded mark
@lSO/lEC 1996
AIP rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be
reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
BSO/IEC Copyright Office l Case Postale 56 l CH-1211 Gengve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
ii
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
OISO/IEC
3
4.25 read power
3
4.26 recording layer
3
4.27 Reed-Solomon code
3
4.28 space
3
4.29 spindle
3
4.30 substrate
3
4.31 track pitch
3
4,32 write-inhibit hole
3
4.33 write-once functionality
3
4.34 zone
4
5 Conventions and notations
4
5.1 Representation of numbers
4
5.2 Names
4
6 List of acronyms
5
7 General description of the optical disk cartridge
5
8 General requirements
5
8.1 Environments
5
8.1.1 Test environment
5
8.1.2 Operating environment
6
8.1.3 Storage environment
6
8.1.4 Transportation
6
8.2 Temperature shock
6
8.3 Safety requirements
6
8.4 Flammability
9 Reference Drive
9.1 Optical system
9.2 Optical beam
9.3 Read channels
9.4 Tracking
9.5 Rotation of the disk
9
Section 2 - Mechanical and physical characteristics
9
10 Dimensional and physical characteristics of the case
9
10.1 General description of the case
9
10.2 Relationship of Sides A and B
9
10.3 Reference axes and case reference planes
9
10.4 Case drawings
9
10.5 Dimensions of the case
9
10.5.1 Overall dimensions
10
10.5.2 Location hole
10
10.5,3 Alignment hole
11
10.5.4 Surfaces on Reference Planes P
12
10.5.5 Insertion slots and detent features
12
X0.5.6 Gripper slots
13
10.5.7 Write-inhibit holes
13
10.5.8 Media sensor holes
14
10.5.9 FIead and motor window
14
10.5.10 Shutter
15
10.5.11 Slot for shutter opener
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
QISO/IEC
ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
15
10.5.12 Shutter sensor notch
16
10.5.13 User label areas
16
10.6.1 Materials
16
10.6.2 Mass
16
10.6.3 Edge distortion
16
10.6.4 Compliance
16
10.6.5 Shutter opening force
16
10.7 Drop test
17
11 Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk
17
11.1 General description of the disk
17
11.2 Reference axis and plane of the disk
17
11.3 Dimensions of the disk
17
11.3.1 Hub dimension
18
11.4 Mechanical characteristics
18
11.4.1 Material
18
11.4.2 Mass
18
11.4.3 Moment of inertia
18
11.4.4 Imbalance
19
11.4.5 Axial deflection
19
11.4.6 Axial acceleration
19
11.4.7 Radial runout
19
11.4.8 Radial acceleration
20
11.4.9 Tilt
20
11.5 Optical characteristics
20
11.5.1 Index of refraction
20
11.5.2 Thickness
20
11.5.3 Birefringence
20
11.5.4 Vertical Birefringence
20
11.5.5 Reflectance
21
82 Interface between cartridge and drive
21
12.1 Clamping method
21
12.2 Clamping force
21
12.3 Capture cylinder
21
12.4 Disk position in the operating condition
36
Section 3 - Format of information
36
13 Track geometry
36
13.1 Track shape
36
13.2 Direction of track spiral
36
13.3 Track pitch
36
13.4 Logical track number
36
13.5 Physical track number
36
14 Track format
36
14.1 Physical track layout
37
14.2 Logical track layout
37
14.3 Radial alignment
37
14.4 Sector number
37
15 Sector format
37
15.1 Sector layout
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISOIIEC 14517:1996 (E)
OISOIIEC
38
15.2 Sector Mark
39
15.3 VFO fields
40
15.4 Address Mark (AM)
40
15.5 ID fields
41
15.6 Postamble (PA)
41
15.7 Gap
41
15.8 Flag
42
15.9 Auto Laser Power Control (ALPC)
42
15.10 Sync
42
15.11 Data field
42
15.11.1 User data bytes
42
15.11.2 CRC and ECC bytes
43
15.11.3 Bytes for the Sector Written Flag (SWF)
43
15.11.4 Bytes following the SWF in the Data field of the 512-byte sector format
43
15.11.5 Resync bytes
43
15.12 Buffer field
43
16 Recording code
44
17 Formatted Zone
44
17.1 General description of the Formatted Zone
44
17.2 Division of the Formatted Zone
46
17.2.1 Lead-in Zone
46
17.2.2 Manufacturer Zones
47
17.2.3 User Zone
47
17.2.4 Reflective Zone
47
17.2.5 Control Track Zones
47
17.3 Control Track PEP Zone
47
17.3.1 Recording in the PEP Zone
48
17.3.2 Format of the tracks of the PEP Zone
52
17.4 Control Track SFP Zones
52
17.4.1 Duplicate of the PEP information
53
17.4.2 Media information
55
17.4.3 System Information
57
18 Layout of the User Zone
57
18.1 General description of the User Zone
57
18.2 Divisions of the User Zone
57
18.3 User Area
60
18.4 Defect Management Areas (DMAs)
60
18.5 Disk Definition Structure (DDS)
62
18.6 Rewritable Zone
63
18.6.1 Location
63
18.6.2 Partitioning
63
18.7 Embossed Zone
63
18.7.1 Location
63
18.7.2 Partitioning
63
18.7.3 Parity sectors
64
18.8 Write Once Zone
64
18.8.1 Location
64
18.8.2 Partitioning
64
19 Defect Management in the Rewritable and Write Once Zones
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
OISOIIEC
ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
64
19.1 Initialization of the disk
64
19.2 Certification
64
19.2.1 Slipping Algorithm
65
19.2.2 Linear Replacement Algorithm
65
19.3 Disks not certified
65
19.4 Write procedure
65
19.5 Primary Defect List (PDL)
66
19.6 Secondary Defect List (SDL)
67
Section 4 - Characteristics of embossed information
67
20 Method of testing
67
20.1 Environment
67
20.2 Use of the Reference Drive
67
20.2.1 Optics and mechanics
68
20.2.2 Read power
68
20.2.3 Read channels
68
20.2.4 Tracking
68
20.3 Definition of signals
70
21 Signal from grooves
70
21.1 Cross-track signal
70
21.2 Cross Track Minimum Signal
71
21.3 Push-pull signal
71
21.4 Divided push-pull signal
72
Phase depth
21.5
72
21.6 Track location
72
22 Signals from Headers
72
22.1 Sector Mark Signals
72
22.2 VFO signals
72
22.3 Address Mark, ID and PA signals
73
22.4 Timing jitter
73
23 Signals from embossed Recording fields
73
23.1 Signal amplitude
73
23.2 Modulation method offset
74
23.3 Timing Jitter
74
23.4 Byte Errors
74
24 Signals from Control Track PEP marks
75
Section 5 - Characteristics of the recording layer
75
25 Method of testing
75
25.1 Environment
75
25.2 Reference Drive
75
25.2.1 Optics and mechanics
75
25.2.2 Read power
75
25.2.3 Read Channel
75
25.2.4 Tracking
75
25.2.5 Signal detection for testing purposes
75
25.3 Write conditions
75
25.3.1 Write pulse and power
76
25.3.2 Write magnetic field
Vi
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
OHSQIIEC
76
25.3.3 Pulse power determination
76
253.4 Media power sensitivity
77
25.4 Erase conditions
77
25.4.1 Erase power
77
254.2 Erase magnetic field
77
25.5 Definition of signals
77
26 Magneto-optical characteristics
77
26.1 Figure of merit for magneto-optical signal
78
26.2 Imbalance of magneto-optical signal
78
27 Write characteristics
78
27.1 Resolution
78
27.2 Narrow-band signal-to-noise ratio
79
27.3 Cross-talk ratio
79
27.3.1 Rewritable track test method
79
27.3.2 Embossed track test method
80
27.4 Timing Jitter
80
27.5 Media thermal interaction
80
28 Erase power determination
82
Section 6 - Characteristics of user data
82
29 Method of testing
82
29.1 Environment
82
29.2 Reference Drive
82
29.2.1 Optics and mechanics
82
29.2.2 Read power
82
29.2.3 Read amplifiers
82
29.2.4 Mark Quality
83
29.2.5 Channel bit clock
83
29.2.6 Binary-to-digital converters
83
29.2.7 Error correction
83
29.2.8 Tracking
83
30 Minimum quality of a sector
83
30.1 Headers
83
30.1.1 Sector Mark
83
30.1.2 ID fields
83
30.2 User-written data
83
30.2.1 Recording field
83
30.2.2 Byte errors
84
30.2.3 Modulation method offset
84
30.2.4 Timing jitter
84
31 Data interchange requirements
84
31.1 Tracking
84
31.2 User-written data
84
31.3 Embossed data
84
3L4 Quality csf disk
vii
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
0ISO/IEC
ISO/IEC 14517: 1996 (E)
Annexes
85
A - Air cleanliness class 100 000
86
B - Edge distortion test
88
C - Compliance test
90
D - Test method for measuring the adsorbent force of the hub
92
E - CRC for ID fields
93
F - Interleave, CRC, ECC, Resync for the data field
99
G - Determination of Resync pattern
104
H - Read Channel for measuring NBSNR and jitter
106
J - Timing jitter measuring procedure
108
K - Definition of write pulse shape
110
L - Measurement of figure of merit
111
M - Implementation Independent Mark Quality Determination (IIMQD) for the interchange of recorded media
113
N - Requirements for interchange
115
P - Measurement implementation for Cross-track signal
116
Q - Office environment
117
ILP - Derivation of the operating climatic environment
122
S - Transportation
123
T - Sector retirement guidelines
124
U - Track deviation measurement
128
V - Values to be implemented in existing and future standards
129
W - Measurement of the vertical birefringence of the substrate
131
X - Guidelines for the use of Type WO and WO-DOW ODCs
132
Y - Laser power calibration for evaluation of media power sensitivity
..e
Vlll
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISOAEC 14517: 1996 (E)
@ISO/IEC
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the
specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of IS0 or IEC participate in the
development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with
particular fields of technical activity. IS0 and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other
international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with IS0 and IEC, also take part in the work.
In the field of information technology, IS0 and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. Draft
International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO/IEC 145 17 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Injknatio~z technology,
Subcommittee SC 23, Optical disk cartridges for information interchange.
Annexes A to P form an integral part of this International Standard. Annexes Q to Y are for information only.
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
This page intentionally left blank
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD OISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
Information technology - 130 mm optical disk cartridges for information
interchange - Capacity: 2,6 Gbytes per cartridge
Section 1 - General
1 Scope
This International Standard defines a series of related 130 mm optical disk cartridges (ODCs) by using a number of Type
designations.
A disk has two sides, called Side A and Side B. Each side can have a nominal capacity of 1,3 Gbytes.
provides for data to be written, read and erased many times over the recording surface of the corresponding
Type R/w
disk side, using thermo-magnetic and magneto-optical effects.
Type P-ROM provides for a part of the disk surface to be pre-recorded and reproduced by stamping or other means. This
part of the disk is read without recourse to the magneto-optical effect. All parts which are not pre-recorded
provide for data to meet the requirements of Type R/W.
Type O-ROM provides for the whole of the disk surface to be pre-recorded and reproduced by stamping or other means.
The corresponding disk sides are read without recourse to the magneto-optical effect.
Type DOW provides for data to be written and read many times over the recording surface of the corresponding disk
side, using the direct overwrite thermo-magnetic and magneto-optical effects requiring a single external
magnetic field.
provides for a part of the disk surface to be pre-recorded and reproduced by stamping or other means. This
Type P-DOW
part of the disk is read without recourse to the magneto-optical effect. All parts which are not pre-recorded
provide for data to meet the requirements of Type DOW.
provides write once, read multiple functionality using the thermo-magnetic and magneto-optical effects.
Type WO
Type WO-DOW provides write once, read multiple functionality using the direct overwrite thermo-magnetic and magneto-
optical effects.
In addition, for each Type, this International Standard provides for cartridges with a sector size of 512 bytes and cartridges
with a sector size of 1 024 bytes. All sectors of a disk are the same size.
This International Standard specifies
-
the conditions for conformance testing and the Reference Drive;
-
the environments in which the cartridges are to be operated and stored;
-
the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the cartridge, so as to provide mechanical interchangeability
between data processing systems;
-
the format of the information on the disk, both embossed and user-written, including the physical disposition of the tracks
and sectors, the error correction codes, the modulation methods used;
-
the characteristics of the embossed information on the disk;
-
the magneto-optical characteristics of the disk, enabling processing systems to writedata onto the disk;
-
the minimum quality of user-written data on the disk, enabling data processing systems to read data from the disk.
This International Standard provides for interchange between optical disk drives. Together with a Standard for volume and file
structure it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems.
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
0ISO/IEC
ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
2 Conformance
21 . Optical Disk Cartridge: A claim of conformance shall specify the Type of the ODC. It shall be in conformance
with this International Standard if it meets all mandatory requirements specified therein for that Type.
Generating system: A claim of conformance with this International Standard shall specify which of Types R/W,
22 .
DOW, P-ROM, P-DOW, O-ROM, WO and WO-DOW is(are) supported. A system generating an ODC for interchange shall
be in conformance with this International Standard if it meets the mandatory requirements of this Standard for the Type(@)
supported.
23 . Receiving system: A claim of conformance with this International Standard shall specify which Type(s) is(are)
supported.
A system receiving an ODC for interchange shall be in conformance with this International Standard if it is able to process any
recording made on the cartridge according to 2.1 on the Type(s) specified.
24 . Compatibility statement: A claim of conformance with this International Standard shall include a statement
listing any other International Optical Disk Cartridge Standard supported by the system for which conformance is claimed.
This statement shall specify the number of the standard(s), including, where appropriate, the ODC Type(s), or the Types of
side, and whether support includes reading only or both reading and writing.
3 Normative reference
The following standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International
Standard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to
agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent
editions of the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently valid International
Standards.
IEC 950: 199 I, Safety of information technology equipment, including electrical business equipment.
4 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply.
41 . band: An annular area within the user zone on the disk having a constant clock frequency.
42 . case: The housing for an optical disk, that protects the disk and facilitates disk interchange.
43 . clamping zone: The annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device.
44 . control track: A track containing the information on media parameters and format necessary for writing, reading
and erasing the remaining tracks on the optical disk.
45 . Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC): A method for detecting errors in data.
46 . defect management: A method for handling the defective areas on the disk.
47 . direct overwrite: a thermo-magnetic recording method using a specially designed media that does not require a
separate erase pass.
48 . disk reference plane: A plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the
clamping zone of the disk is clamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation.
49 . entrance surface: The surface of the disk on to which the optical beam first impinges.
4.10 Error Correction Code (ECC): A n error-detecting code designed to correct certain kinds of errors in data.
4.11 format: The arrangement or layout of information on the disk.
4.12 hub: The central feature on the disk which interacts with the spindle of the disk drive to provide radial centring and
the clamping force
4.13 interleaving: The process of allocating the physical sequence of units of data so as to render the data more immune
to burst errors.
2
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
OISO/IEC ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
plane of polarization ofan optical beam upon reflection from the recording layer
4.14 Kerr rotation: The rotation of the
as caused by the magneto-optical Kerr effect.
4.15 land and groove: A trench-like feature of the disk, applied before the recording of any information, and used to
define the track location. The groove is located nearer to the entrance surface than the land with which it is paired to form a
track.
4.16 logical track: Either 3 1 consecutive sectors for 5 12-byte sector disks or 17 consecutive sectors for disks with 1 024-
byte sector in one or more physical tracks. The first sector of each logical track is assigned sector number 0.
4.17 mark: A feature of the recording layer which may take the form of a magnetic domain, a pit, or any other type or
form that can be sensed by the optical system. The pattern of marks represents the data on the disk.
Note 1 - Subdivisions of a sector which are named “mark” are not marks in the sense of this definition.
4.18 mark edge: The transition between a region with a mark and one without a mark or vice versa, along the track.
4.19 mark edge recording: A recording method which uses a mark edge to represent a Channel bit.
4.20 optical disk: A disk that will accept and retain information in the form of marks in a recording layer, that can be read
with an optical beam.
4.21 optical disk cartridge (ODC): A device consisting of a case containing an optical disk.
4.22 physical track: The path which is followed by the focus of the optical beam during one revolution of the disk. This
path is not directly addressable.
4.23 polarization: The direction of polarization of an optical beam is the direction of the electric vector of the beam.
Note 2 - The plane of polarization is the plane containing the electric vector and the direction of propagation of the beam. The polarization is right-handed
when to an observer looking in the direction of propagation of the beam, the end-point of the electric vector would appear to describe an ellipse in the
clockwise sense.
4.24 pre-recorded mark: A mark so formed as to be unalterable by magneto-optical means.
read power: The read power is the optical power, incident at the entrance surface of the disk, used when reading.
4.25
Note 3 - It is specified as a maximum power that may be used to the written data. Lower power may be used providing that the signal-to-
are met.
noise ratio and other requirements of this International Standard
4.26 recording layer: A layer of the disk on, or in, which data is written during manufacture and/or use.
4.27 An error detection and/or correction code which is particularly suited to the correction of
Reed-Solomon code:
errors which occur in bursts or are strongly correlated.
4.28 space: The area between marks along the track.
4.29 spindle: The part of the disk drive which contacts the disk and/or hub.
4.30 substrate: A transparent layer of the disk, provided for mechanical support of the recording layer, through which the
optical beam accesses the recording layer.
4.31
track pitch: The distance between adjacent track centrelines, measured in a radial direction.
4.32 write-inhibit hole: A hole in the case which, when detected by the drive to be open, inhibits both write and erase
operations.
4.33 write-once functionality: A technique whereby a rewritable MO ODC is restricted to initialization and writing
once only; erase is not permitted.
4.34
zone: An annular area of the disk.
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
OISO/IEC
ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
5
Conventions and notations
51 0 numbers
resentation of
Rep
-
A measured value is rounded off to the least significant digit of the corresponding specified value. It implies that a specified
value of 1,26 with a positive tolerance of +O,Ol, and a negative tolerance of -0,02 allows a range of measured values from
1,235 to 1,275.
-
represent numbers in hexadecimal notation.
Letters and digits in parentheses
-
The setting of a bit is denoted by ZERO or ONE.
-
Numbers in binary notation and bit combinations are represented by strings of digits 0 and 1.
-
Numbers in binary notation and bit combinations are shown with the most significant bit to the left.
-
Negative values of numbers in binary notation are given in TWO’s complement.
-
In each field the data is recorded so that the most significant byte (byte 0) is recorded first. Within each byte the least
significant bit is numbered 0 and is recorded last, the most significant bit (numbered 7 in an &bit byte) is recorded first.
This order of recording applies also to the data input of the Error Detection and Correction circuits and their output.
-
Unless otherwise stated, groups of decimal digits of the form xx . . . x/yy . . . y indicate that the value xx . . . x applies to 1 024-
byte sectors and that the value yy . . . y applies to 5 12-byte sectors.
52 0
Names
The names of entities, e.g. specific tracks, fields, etc., are given with a capital initial.
6 List of acronyms
ALPC Auto Laser Power Control
Address Mark
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Code
DDS Disk Definition Structure
DMA Defect Management Area
DMP Defect Management Pointers
DOW Direct overwrite
Error Correction Code
ECC
EDAC Error Detection And Correction
ID Identifier
LBA Logical Block Address
LSB Least Significant Byte
MO Magneto-Optical
Most Significant Byte
MSB
NBSNR Narrow-Band Signal-to-Noise Ratio
ODC Optical Disk Cartridge
O-ROM Optical Read Only Memory
Postamble
PA
PDL Primary Defect List
Phase-Encoded Part of the Control Tracks
PEP
P-DOW Partial ROM direct overwrite
P-ROM Partial Read Only Memory
Run Length Limited (code)
KL(l97)
R-S Reed-Solomon (code)
Rewritable
R-S/LDC Reed-Solomon Long Distance Code
Small Computer System Interface
SCSI
4
---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
OISO/IEC
ISO/IEC 14517: 1996 (E)
SDL
Secondary Defect List
SFP Standard Formatted Part of the Control Tracks
SM
Sector Mark
TIA
Time Interval Analyzer
VFO Variable Frequency Oscillator
wo Write Once
WO-DOW Write once direct overwrite
ZCAV
Zoned Constant Angular Velocity
7
General description of the optical disk cartridge
The optical disk cartridge which is the subject of this International Standard consists of a case containing an optical disk.
windows covered The windows are
The case is a protective enclosure for the disk. It has access shutter. automatically
bY a
uncovered by the drive when the cartridge is in serted into it.
The optical disk consists of two sides assembled together with their recording layers on the inside.
The optical disk may be recordable on both sides. Data can be written onto the disk as marks in the form of magnetic domains
in the recording layer and can be erased from it with a focused optical beam, using the thermo-magnetic effect. Data may be
written over existing data by modulating the intensity of the optical beam. The data can be read with a focused optical beam,
using the magneto-optical effect. The beam accesses the recording layer through the transparent substrate of the disk.
Part of the disk or the entire disk may contain read-only data in the form of pre-embossed pits. This data can be read using the
diffraction of the optical beam by the embossed pits.
The entire disk may be used for write once recording of data using the thermo-magnetic effect. This data can be read using the
magneto-optic effect.
8 General requirements
81 b Environments
8.1.1 Test environment
The test environment is the environment where the air immediately surrounding the optical disk cartridge has the following
properties:
: 23 “C t 2 OC
temperature
relative humidity : 45 % to 55 %
: 60 kPa to 106 kPa
atmospheric pressure
: Class 100 000 (see annex A)
air cleanliness
No condensation on or in the optical disk cartridge shall occur. Before testing, the optical disk cartridge shall be conditioned in
this environment for 48 h minimum. It is recommended that, before testing, the entrance surface of the disk be cleaned
according to the instructions of the manufacturer of the disk.
Unless otherwise stated, all tests and measurements shall be made in this test environment.
Operating environment
8.1.2
This International Standard requires that an optical disk cartridge which meets all requirements of this Standard in the specified
test environment provides data interchange over the specified ranges of environmental parameters in the operating environment.
(See also annex Q).
The operating environment is the environment where the air immediately surrounding the optical disk cartridge has the
following properties:
: 5 “C to 55 “C
temperature
:3%to85%
relative humidity
: 1 g/m3 to 30 g/m3
absolute humidity
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OISO/IEC
ISO/IEC 14517:1996 (E)
: 60 kPa to 106 kPa
atmospheric pressure
: 10”CYhmax.
temperature gradient
: 10 %/h max.
relative humidity gradient
: office environment (see also Q.l)
air cleanliness
magnetic field strength at the recording layer for
: 32 000 A/m max. (see also Q.2)
any condition under which a beam is in focus
magnetic field strength at the recording layer
: 48 000 A/m max
during any other condition
No condensation on or in the optical disk cartridge shall occur. If an optical disk cartridge has been exposed to conditions
outside those specified in this clause, it shall be acclimatized in an allowed operating environment for at least 2 hours before
use. (See also annex R).
8.1.3 Storage environment
The optical disk cartridge without any protective enclosure shall not be stored in an environment outside the range allowed for
storage. The storage environment is defined as an environment where the air immediately surrounding the optical disk cartridge
has the following properties:
: -10 “C to 55 “C
temperature
: 3 % to 90 %
relative humidity
: 1 g/m3 to 30 g/m3
absolute humidity
: 60 kPa to 106 kPa
atmospheric pressure
: 15 “Whmax.
temperature gradient
: lO%/hmax.
relative humidity gradient
: Office environment (see also Q.1)
air cleanliness
: 48 000 A/m max.
magnetic field strength at the recording layer
No condensation on or in the optical disk cartridge shall occur.
8.1.4 Transportation
This International Standard does not specify requirements for transportation; guidance is given in annex S.
82 0 Temperature shock
The optical disk cartridge shall withstand a temperature shock of up to 20 “C when inserted into, or removed from, the drive.
83 b Safety requirements
The cartridge shall satisfy the safety requirements of Standard IEC 950, when used in the intended manner or in any foreseeable
use in an information processing system.
84 l Flammability
The cartridge and its components shall be made from materials that comply with the flammability class for HB materials, or
better, as specified in IEC 950.
9 Reference Drive
The Reference Drive is a drive several critical components of which have well defined properties and which is us
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