ISO 10545-23

Ceramic tiles — Part 23: Determination of elastic modulus for glazed and unglazed ceramic tiles, substrate and glaze layer

This document specifies a testing method for determining the elastic modulus of glazed and unglazed ceramic tiles and also the modulus of glaze layer at ambient temperature by three-point bending tests. Procedures for test piece preparation, test modes and load rates, data collection and reporting are given. This test method can be used for material research, quality control, characterization and design data-generation purposes.

Carreaux et dalles céramiques — Partie 23: Détermination du module d’élasticité pour les carreaux et dalles céramiques émaillés et non émaillés, le substrat et la couche d’émail

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 91.100.23 - Ceramic tiles
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 189 - Ceramic tile
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 189 - Ceramic tile
• Current Stage: 6000 - International Standard under publication
• Start Date: 15-May-2025
• Completion Date: 17-May-2025

Standards Content (Sample)

FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 10545-23
ISO/TC 189
Ceramic tiles —
Secretariat: ANSI
Part 23:
Voting begins on:
2025-03-19
Determination of elastic modulus
for glazed and unglazed ceramic
Voting terminates on:
2025-05-14
tiles, substrate and glaze layer
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
ISO/FDIS 10545-23:2025(en) © ISO 2025

FINAL DRAFT
ISO/FDIS 10545-23:2025(en)
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 10545-23
ISO/TC 189
Ceramic tiles —
Secretariat: ANSI
Part 23:
Voting begins on:
Determination of elastic modulus
for glazed and unglazed ceramic
Voting terminates on:
tiles, substrate and glaze layer
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2025
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/FDIS 10545-23:2025(en) © ISO 2025

ii
ISO/FDIS 10545-23:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 2
5.1 Testing machine . .2
5.2 Data acquisition .2
5.3 Dimensional measuring devices .2
6 Test specimens . 2
6.1 Test specimen size .2
6.2 Test specimen preparation .3
6.2.1 Test specimen machining .3
6.2.2 Test specimen handling and storage .3
6.2.3 Number of test specimens . .3
7 Test procedure . 3
7.1 Testing machine and loading speed .3
7.2 Elastic modulus measurement .4
7.3 Measurement for the thickness of glaze layer .5
7.4 Temperature and relative humidity .5
8 Calculation of elastic modulus . 5
8.1 Calculation of elastic modulus of test specimens .5
8.2 Calculation of elastic modulus of the glaze layer .6
8.3 Mean value and standard deviation .7
9 Analysis of precision and uncertainty . 7
10 Test report . 7
Annex A (informative) Application of elastic modulus of ceramic tiles . 9
Annex B (informative) Preparation of test specimens for elastic modulus tests .11

iii
ISO/FDIS 10545-23:2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 189, Ceramic tile.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
FINAL DRAFT International Standard ISO/FDIS 10545-23:2025(en)
Ceramic tiles —
Part 23:
Determination of elastic modulus for glazed and unglazed
ceramic tiles, substrate and glaze layer
1 Scope
This document specifies a testing method for determining the elastic modulus of glazed and unglazed
ceramic tiles, substrate and glaze layer at ambient temperature by three-point bending tests. This document
also specifies procedures for test specimen preparation, test modes, load rates, data collection and reporting.
This test method can be used for material research, quality control, characterization and design data-
generation purposes of ceramic tiles with a plate shape. See Annex A for more information. This method
is not applicable to the ceramic tiles with profiled structures from which the test specimen cannot be
machined.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3611, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Dimensional measuring equipment — Design and
metrological characteristics of micrometers for external measurements
ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1:
Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
elastic modulus
ratio of stress to strain within the linear elastic range
3.2
modulus ratio
ratio of the glaze modulus to the substrate modulus
3.3
thickness ratio
ratio of the glaze thickness to the substrate thickness

ISO/FDIS 10545-23:2025(en)
3.4
substrate
remaining part after removing the glaze layer for the glazed ceramic tile
4 Principle
The elastic modulus of glazed or unglazed ceramic tiles can be evaluated using three-point bending tests.
The difference between the modulus of glazed and unglazed test specimens is related to the elastic modulus
of the glaze layer. The modulus of the glaze layer shall be calculated using the measured modulus of glazed
and unglazed test specimens. Therefore, if the elastic modulus of the glaze layer is required to be measured,
two types of test specimens (glazed and unglazed) shall be previously used to measure their respective
moduli. The unglazed test specimens can be obtained by grinding off the glaze layer of the glazed specimens.
If only the elastic modulus of the ceramic tile is required to be measured, the tile shall be processed into test
specimens for three-point bending testing; it is not necessary to prepare two types (glazed or unglazed)
of specimen. The elastic modulus of tiles shall be tested, but the modulus of the glaze layer can be tested
depends on requirement.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Testing machine
A suitable testing machine capable of applying a uniform crosshead speed and in accordance with ISO 7500-1
shall be used. The loading speed should be constant. The measuring error shall be 1 % or lower.
5.2 Data acquisition
An analogue chart recorder or digital data collection system should be used. The error of the recording
system shall be 1 % or lower. The minimum data collection frequency shall be 15 Hz. A response frequency
of 50 Hz is considered adequate.
5.3 Dimensional measuring devices
The dimensions of the test specimen shall be measured using a Vernier calliper in accordance with ISO 3611
and with a precision of 0,02 mm or a higher accuracy, or other calibrated measuring device providing
the same or higher measurement accuracy. The thickness of the glaze layer shall be measured by using a
calibrated optical microscope with magnification of 1 000 times or higher. Deflection shall be measured
usin
...

ISO/FDIS 10545-23
ISO/TC 189
Secretariat: ANSI
Date: 2025-1-1003-05
Ceramic tiles —
Part 23:
Determination of elastic modulus for glazed and unglazed ceramic
tiles, substrate and glaze layer
FDIS stage
ISO/FDIS 10545-23:2025(en)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
E-mail: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO/DISFDIS 10545-23:2025(en)
Contents
Foreword . iv
Part 23: Determination of elastic modulus for glazed and unglazed ceramic tiles, substrate and
glaze layer . 1
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 2
5.1 Testing machine . 2
5.2 Data acquisition . 2
5.3 Dimensional measuring devices . 2
6 Test specimes . 2
6.1 Testspecimen size . 2
6.2 Test specimen preparation . 3
6.2.1 Test specimen machining . 3
6.2.2 Test specimen handling and storage . 3
6.2.3 Number of test specimens . 3
7 Test procedure . 3
7.1 Testing machine and loading speed . 3
7.2 Elastic modulus measurement . 4
7.3 Measurement for the thickness of glaze layer . 5
7.4 Temperature and relative humidity . 5
8 Calculation of elastic modulus . 5
8.1 Calculation of elastic modulus of test specimens . 5
8.2 Calculation of elastic modulus of the glaze layers . 6
8.3 Mean value and standard deviation . 6
9 Analysis of precision and uncertainty . 7
10 Test report . 7
Annex A (informative) Application of elastic modulus of ceramic tiles . 8
Annex B (informative) Preparation of test specimens for elastic modulus tests . 10
Foreword . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 2
5.1 Testing machine . 2
5.2 Data acquisition . 2
5.3 Dimensional measuring devices . 2
6 Test specimens . 2
6.1 Test specimen size . 2
6.2 Test specimen preparation . 3
7 Test procedure . 4
iii
ISO/FDIS 10545-23:2025(en)
7.1 Testing machine and loading speed . 4
7.2 Elastic modulus measurement . 4
7.3 Measurement for the thickness of glaze layer . 6
7.4 Temperature and relative humidity . 6
8 Calculation of elastic modulus . 6
8.1 Calculation of elastic modulus of test specimens . 6
8.2 Calculation of elastic modulus of the glaze layer . 6
8.3 Mean value and standard deviation . 7
9 Analysis of precision and uncertainty . 8
10 Test report . 8
Annex A (informative) Application of elastic modulus of ceramic tiles . 9
Annex B (informative) Preparation of test specimens for elastic modulus tests . 11

iv
ISO/DISFDIS 10545-23:2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directiveswww.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents.www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.htmlwww.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 189, Ceramic tile.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.htmlwww.iso.org/members.html.
v
ISO/DISFDIS 10545-23:2025(en)
Ceramic tiles —
Part 23:
Determination of elastic modulus for glazed and unglazed ceramic
tiles, substrate and glaze layer
1 Scope
This document specifies a testing method for determining the elastic modulus of glazed and unglazed ceramic
tiles, substrate and glaze layer at ambient temperature by three-point bending tests. This document also
specifies procedures for test specimen preparation, test modes, load rates, data collection and reporting.
This test method can be used for material research, quality control, characterization and design data-
for more information. This
generation purposes of ceramic tiles with a plate shape. See Annex ASee Annex A
method is not applicable to the ceramic tiles with profiled structures from which the test specimen cannot be
machined.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3611, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Dimensional measuring equipment — Design and
metrological characteristics of micrometers for external measurements
ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1:
Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obphttps://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 3.1
elastic modulus
ratio of stress to strain within the linear elastic range
3.2 3.2
modulus ratio
ratio of the glaze modulus to the substrate modulus
3.3 3.3
thickness ratio
ratio of the glaze thickness to the substrate thickness
ISO/DISFDIS 10545-23:2025(en)
3.4 3.4
substrate
the remaining part after removing the glaze layer for the glazed ceramic tile
4 Principle
The elastic modulus of glazed or unglazed ceramic tiles can be evaluated using three-point bending tests. The
difference between the modulus of glazed and unglazed test specimens is related to the elastic modulus of the
glaze layer. T
...