SIST EN 14216:2004
(Main)Cement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for very low heat special cements
Cement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for very low heat special cements
This prEN 14216 defines and gives the specifications of 6 distinct very low heat special cement products and their constituents. The definition of each cement includes the proportions in which the constituents are to be combined to produce these distinct products in a single strength class having a limited heat of hydration value. The definition also includes requirements the constituents have to meet and the mechanical, physical, chemical and heat of hydration requirements for these products. This prEN 14216 also states the conformity criteria and the related rules. Necessary durability requirements are also given.
NOTE 1 In addition to the specified requirements, an exchange of additional information between the cement producer and user can be helpful. The procedures for such an exchange are not within the scope of prEN 14216 but should be dealt with in accordance with national standards or regulations or can be agreed between the parties concerned.
NOTE 2 The word "cement" in this prEN 14216 is used to refer to very low heat special cement unless otherwise indicated.
NOTE 3 The risk of early-age thermal cracking in concrete depends upon the properties and execution and is, therefore, also dependent on factors other than the heat of hydration of the cement.
Zement - Zusammensetzung, Anforderungen und Konformitätskriterien von Sonderzement mit sehr niedriger Hydratationswärme
Diese prEN 14216 legt die Anforderungen an sechs verschiedene Sonderzementprodukte mit sehr niedriger Hydratationswärme und ihre Bestandteile sowie die entsprechenden Definitionen fest. Die Definition jedes Zementes beinhaltet die Anteile der Bestandteile, die erforderlich sind, um jedes dieser Produkte für eine einzelne Festigkeitsklasse mit einem Grenzwert für die Hydratationswärme herzustellen. Sie beinhaltet ferner die Anforderungen an die Bestandteile und an die mechanischen, physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften sowie die Anforderungen an die Hydratationswärme für diese Produkte. Darüber hinaus werden in prEN 14216 die Konformitätskriterien und die entsprechenden Regeln festgelegt. Die notwendigen Anforderungen an die Dauerhaftigkeit sind auch angegeben.
ANMERKUNG 1 Neben den festgelegten Anforderungen kann ein Austausch von zusätzlichen Informationen zwischen Zementhersteller und -anwender hilfreich sein. Die Vorgehensweisen für einen solchen Informationsaustausch sind nicht Gegenstand von prEN 14216. Sie sollten in Übereinstimmung mit nationalen Normen oder Vorschriften festgelegt werden oder können zwischen den Beteiligten vereinbart werden.
ANMERKUNG 2 Sofern nicht anders angegeben, kennzeichnet das Wort "Zement" in prEN 14216 ausschließlich Sonderzemente mit sehr niedriger Hydratationswärme.
ANMERKUNG 3 Die Gefahr der frühzeitigen wärmebedingten Rissbildung hängt von den Eigenschaften des Betons und von der Ausführung ab und ist daher nicht nur von der Hydratationswärme des Zementes, sondern auch von anderen Faktoren abhängig.
Ciments - Composition, spécifications et criteres de conformité de ciments speciaux a tres faible chaleur d'hydratation
La présente EN 14216 définit et fournit les spécifications de 6 ciments spéciaux a tres faible chaleur d'hydratation différents et de leurs constituants. La définition de chaque ciment inclut les proportions dans lesquelles les constituants doivent etre associés pour produire ces produits différents dans une classe de résistance unique et avec une valeur limite de chaleur d'hydratation. La définition comporte également des exigences que les constituants doivent satisfaire ainsi que les exigences mécaniques, physiques et chimiques et l'exigence de chaleur d'hydratation applicables a ces produits. La présente EN 14216 établit également les criteres de conformité et les regles correspondantes. En outre, elle fournit des exigences portant sur la durabilité.
NOTE 1 En plus des exigences spécifiées, il peut s'avérer utile que le fabricant et l'utilisateur du ciment échangent des informations complémentaires. Les procédures afférentes a un tel échange ne sont pas du domaine d'application de l'EN 14216, mais il convient de les traiter conformément aux normes ou réglementations nationales ; elles peuvent également faire l'objet d'un accord entre les parties concernées.
NOTE 2 Sauf indication contraire, le mot " ciment " est utilisé dans la présente EN 14216 pour qualifier le ciment spécial a tres faible chaleur d'hydratation.
NOTE 3 Le risque de fissuration du béton d'origine thermique au jeune âge dépend des propriétés et de la mise en ?uvre ; il dépend donc de facteurs autres que la chaleur d'hydratation du ciment.
Cement - Sestava, zahteve in merila skladnosti za posebne cemente z zelo nizko toploto hidratacije
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Cement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for very low heat special cementsCement - Sestava, zahteve in merila skladnosti za posebne cemente z zelo nizko toploto hidratacijeCiments - Composition, spécifications et criteres de conformité de ciments speciaux a tres faible chaleur d'hydratationZement - Zusammensetzung, Anforderungen und Konformitätskriterien von Sonderzement mit sehr niedriger HydratationswärmeTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14216:2004SIST EN 14216:2004en,fr,de91.100.10ICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 14216:200401-oktober-2004
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14126April 2004ICS 91.100.10English versionCement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria forvery low heat special cementsCiments - Composition, spécifications et critères deconformité de ciments speciaux à très faible chaleurd'hydratationZement - Zusammensetzung, Anforderungen undKonformitätskriterien von Zement mit sehr niedrigerHydratationswärmeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 September 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14126:2004: E
EN 14216:2004 (E)2ContentsPageForeword.31Scope.52Normative references.53Terms and definitions.54Very low heat special cement.65Constituents.66Composition and notation.67Mechanical, physical, heat of hydration, chemical and durability requirements.88Standard designation.99Conformity criteria.10Annex A (informative)
Water-soluble hexavalent chromium.15Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of EUConstruction Products Directive.16
EN 14216:2004 (E)3ForewordThis document (EN 14216:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 51 “Cement and buildinglimes", the secretariat of which is held by IBN.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by October 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latestby October 2004.This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the EuropeanFree Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.Annex A is informative.This document includes a Bibliography.The various stages in the development of a European Standard for common cement, in response to the preliminaryMandate given to CEN by the EC and the EFTA, are described in EN 197-1. It is indicated that, in view of the largenumbers of different cements involved, it was considered necessary to separate the "common cements", which arenow covered by EN 197-1, from special cements i.e. those with special properties or those having hardeningprocesses not mainly dependent on the hydration of calcium silicates.The low heat property for common cements is covered by EN 197-1:2000/A1:2004.A need for control of heat development during hydration of concrete is referred to in EN 206-1. Classification ofcements with respect to heat of hydration is one method whereby heat development of concrete can be controlled.Thus the purpose of this EN 14216 is to specify the heat of hydration for very low heat special cements.Composition and other requirements are those specified in EN 197-1 for common cements.
Conformity criteria areadditionally specified.The requirements in this EN 14216 are based on the results of tests on cement in accordance with EN 196, parts -1, -2, -3, -5, -7, –21, EN 196-8 and EN 196-9. The scheme for the evaluation of conformity in EN 197-2 isapplicable to very low heat special cements. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 14216:2004 (E)4IntroductionIt is recognized that different cements have different properties and performance.
Those performance tests nowavailable (i.e. setting time, strength, soundness and heat of hydration) have been included in this EN 14216. Inaddition, work is being carried out by CEN/TC 51 to identify any additional tests which are needed to specify furtherperformance characteristics of cement.
Until further performance tests are available it is highly recommended thatthe choice of cement, especially the type and/or strength class in relation to the requirements for durabilitydepending on exposure class and type of construction in which it is incorporated, follows the appropriate standardsand/or regulations for concrete valid in the place of use.
EN 14216:2004 (E)51 ScopeThis EN 14216 defines and gives the specifications of 6 distinct very low heat special cement products and theirconstituents. The definition of each cement includes the proportions in which the constituents are to be combinedto produce these distinct products in a single strength class having a limited heat of hydration value. The definitionalso includes requirements the constituents have to meet and the mechanical, physical, chemical and heat ofhydration requirements for these products. This EN 14216 also states the conformity criteria and the related rules.Necessary durability requirements are also given.NOTE 1In addition to the specified requirements, an exchange of additional information between the cement producer anduser can be helpful. The procedures for such an exchange are not within the scope of EN 14216 but should be dealt with inaccordance with national standards or regulations or can be agreed between the parties concerned.NOTE 2The word "cement" in this EN 14216 is used to refer to very low heat special cement unless otherwise indicated.NOTE 3The risk of early-age thermal cracking in concrete depends upon the properties and execution and is, therefore, alsodependent on factors other than the heat of hydration of the cement.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. Fordated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of thepublication referred to applies (including amendments).EN 196-1, Methods of testing cement —- Part 1: Determination of strength.EN 196-2, Methods of testing cement — Part 2: Chemical analysis of cement.EN 196-3, Methods of testing cement — Part 3: Determination of setting time and soundness.EN 196-5, Methods of testing cement — Part 5: Pozzolanicity test for pozzolanic cement.EN 196-7, Methods of testing cement — Part 7: Methods of taking and preparing samples of cement.EN 196-8, Methods of testing cement — Part 8: Heat of hydration — Solution method.EN 196-9, Methods of testing cement — Part 9: Heat of hydration — Semi-adiabatic method.EN 196-211), Methods of testing cement — Part 21: Determination of the chloride, carbon dioxide and alkali contentof cement.EN 197-1:2000, Cement — Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements.EN 197-1:2000/A1:2004, Cement — Part 1 : Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for commoncements.EN 197-2:2000, Cement — Part 2: Conformity evaluation.3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 197-12000 apply.
1)EN 196-21 is currently being incorporated into EN 196-2.
EN 14216:2004 (E)64 Very low heat special cementVery low heat special cement is a hydraulic binder, i.e. a finely ground inorganic material which, when mixed withwater, forms a paste which sets and hardens by means of hydration reactions and processes and which, afterhardening, retains its strength and stability even under water. It has hydration reactions and processes identical tothose of common cements (see EN 197-1) but through composition, fineness or reactivity of constituents thehydration process is slower.Very low heat special cement is particularly suitable for dams and other similar massive construction, where thedimensions of the structure have a low surface/volume ratio. In this case the dispersion of heat, developed duringthe hydration of the cement, is very slow and therefore it is possible to have large increases in temperature.Thermal gradients then develop between internal and external zones of the concrete setting up internal stresswhich can be greater than the tensile strength of the concrete and lead to cracking and breakdown. These sameproperties make very low heat special cement unsuitable for use in reinforced, elevated, concrete structures, e.g.bridges or buildings.NOTELow heat common cements according to EN 197-1:2000/A1:2004, or low early strength blastfurnace cementsconforming to EN 197-4 are suitable for dams and other similar massive construction, depending on the design of the concreteand method of construction.5 ConstituentsThe requirements for the constituents of very low heat special cements shall conform to the requirements inEN 197-1.6 Composition and notationThe 6 products in the family of very low heat special cements, covered by this European Standard, and theirnotation are given in Table 1. They are grouped into three main cement types as follows:¾ VLH IIIBlastfurnace cement¾ VLH IVPozzolanic cement¾ VLH VComposite cementThe composition of each of the 6 products in the family of very low heat special cements shall be in accordancewith Table 1.NOTEFor clarity in definition, the requirements for the composition refer to the sum of all main and minor additionalconstituents. The final cement should be understood as the main and minor additional constituents plus the necessary calciumsulfate and any additives.
EN 14216:2004 (E)7Table 1 — The 6 products in the family of very low heat special cementsComposition (proportion by mass in %a)
Main constituentsPozzolanaFly ashClinkerBlast-furnaceslagSilica fumenaturalnatural calcinedSiliceouscalcareousMaintypeNotation of the 6 products(types of very low heat specialcement)KSDbPQVWMinoradditionalconstituentsVLH III/B20–3466–80–––––0–5VLH IIIBlastfurnaceCementVLH III/C5–1981–95–––––0–5VLH IV/A65–89–<------------------- 11–35 -------------------->0–5VLH IVPozzolanicCementcVLH IV/B45–64–<------------------- 36–55 -------------------->0–5VLH V/A40–6418–30–<-------- 18–30 -------->–0–5VLH VCompositeCementcVLH V/B20–3831–50–<-------- 31–50 -------->–0–5aThe values of the table refer to the sum of the main and minor additional constituents.bThe proportion of silica fume is limited to 10 %.cIn Pozzolanic cements VLH IV/A and VLH IV/B and in Composite cements VLH V/A and VLH V/B the main constituents besides clinker shall be declared by designation of the cement (for example seeclause 8).
EN 14216:2004 (E)87 Mechanical, physical, heat of hydration, chemical and durability requirements7.1 Mechanical requirements7.1.1 Standard strengthThe standard strength of a very low heat special cement is the compressive strength determined in accordancewith EN 196-1 at 28 days and shall conform to the requirements in Table 2.One class of standard strength is included; class 22,5, (see Table 2).Table 2 — Mechanical and physical requirements given as characteristic valuesCompressive strengthMPaStandard strengthInitial settingtimeSoundness(Expansion)Strength class28 daysminmm22,5³ 22,5£ 42,5³ 75£ 107.2 Physical requirements7.2.1 Initial setting timeThe initial setting time, determined in accordance with EN 196-3, shall conform to the requirement in Table 2.7.2.2 SoundnessThe expansion, determined in accordance with EN 196-3, shall conform to the requirement in Table 2.7.2.3 Heat of hydrationThe heat of hydration of very low heat special cements shall not exceed the characteristic value of 220 J/g,determined in accordance with either EN 196-8 at 7 days or in accordance with EN 196-9 at 41 h.NOTEA pre-normative research project has demonstrated the equivalence of test results for EN 196-8 at 7 days andEN 196-9 at 41 h. Nevertheless, in case of dispute between laboratories, the method to be applied should be agreed.7.3 Chemical requirementsThe properties of the cements of the cement type shown in column 3 of Table 3 shall conform to the requirementslisted in column 4 of this table when tested in accordance with the standard referred to in column 2.NOTESome European countries have regulations for the content of water-soluble hexavalent chromium (see informativeannex A).
EN 14216:2004 (E)9Table 3 — Chemical requirements given as characteristic values1234PropertyTest referenceCement typeRequirementsaLoss on ignitionEN 196-2VLH III£ 5,0 %Insoluble residueEN 196-2bVLH III£ 5,0 %VLH IVVLH V£ 3,5 %VLH III/B£ 4,0 %Sulfate content(as SO3)EN 196-2VLH III/C£ 4,5 %Chloride contentEN 196-21Allc£ 0,10 %PozzolanicityEN 196-5VLH IVSatisfy the testaRequirements are given as percentage by mass of the final cement.bDetermination of residue insoluble in hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate.cCement type VLH III may contain more than 0,1 % chloride but in that case the maximum chloride content shall be stated on thepackaging and/or the delivery note.7.4 Durability requirementsIn many applications, particularly in severe environmental conditions, the choice of cement has an influence on thedurability of concrete, mortar and grouts, e. g. frost resistance, chemical resistance and protection of reinforcement.The choice of cement, from this European Standard, particularly as regards type and heat of hydration for differentapplications and exposure classes shall follow the appropriate standards and/or regulations for concrete or mortarvalid in the place of use.The mortar or concrete made from very low heat special cements requires additional protection from drying out andfrom carbonation during curing. Frost resistance of very low heat special cement concrete should be suitable forthe exposure conditions in the place of use.8 Standard designationVery low heat special cements shall be identified by the notation of the cement type as specified in Table 1 and thefigure 22,5 indicating the standard strength class (see 7.1).EXAMPLE 1Very low heat special cement with a granulated blastfurnace slag (S) content between 81 % and 95 % ofstrength class 22,5, with a very low heat of hydration is identified by:Very low heat special blastfurnace cement EN 14216 – VLH III/C 22,5.EXAMPLE 2Very low heat special cement with a natural pozzolana (P) content between 36 % and 55 % of strengthclass 22,5 with a very low heat of hydration is identified by:Very low heat special pozzolanic cement EN 14216 – VLH IV/B (P) 22,5.EXAMPLE 3Very low heat special composite cement containing between 18 % and 30 % by mass of granulatedblastfurnace slag (S) and between 18 % and 30 % by mass of siliceous fly ash (V) of strength class 22,5 with a very low heat ofhydration is identified by:Very low heat special composite cement EN 14216 – VLH V/A (S-V) 22,5.
EN 14216:2004 (E)109 Conformity criteria9.1 General requirementsConformity of the 6 products to this European Standard shall be continually evaluated on the basis of testing ofspot samples. The properties, test methods and the minimum testing frequencies for the autocontrol testing by themanufacturer are specified in Table 4. For cement not being dispatched continuously testing frequencies and otherprovisions are dealt with in EN 197-2.For certification of conformity by an approved certification body, conformity of cement with this European Standardshall be evaluated in accordance with EN 197-2.NOTEThis European Standard does not deal with acceptance inspection at delivery.Table 4 — Properties and test methods and minimum testing frequencies for the autocontrol testing by themanufacturer and the statistical assessment procedureAutocontrol testingMinimum testing frequencyStatistical assessmentprocedureInspection byPropertyCementsto betestedTestmethod a,bRoutinesituationInitial periodfor a newtype ofcementVariables eAttributes1234567StandardstrengthAllEN 196-12/week4/weekXInitial setting timeAllEN 196-32/week4/weekxfSoundness(expansion)AllEN 196-31/week4/weekxLoss on ignitionVLH IIIEN 196-22/monthc1/weekxfInsoluble residueVLH IIIEN 196-22/monthc1/weekxfSulfate contentAllEN 196-22/week4/weekxfChloride contentAllEN 196-212/monthc1/weekxfPozzolanicityVLH IVEN 196-52/month1/weekxHeat of hydrationAllEN 196-8 orEN 196-91/month1/weekxfCompositionAll—d1/month1/weekaWhere allowed in the relevant part of EN 196, other methods than those indicated may be used providing they give results equivalent tothose obtained with the reference method.bThe methods used to take and prepare samples shall be in accordance with EN 196-7.cWhen none of the test results within a period of 12 months exceeds 50 % of the characteristic value the frequency may be reduced toone per month.dAppropriate test method chosen by the manufacturer.eIf the data are not normally distributed then the method of assessment may be decided on a case by case basis.fIf the number of samples is at least one per week during the control period, the assessment may be made by variables.
EN 14216:2004 (E)119.2 Conformity criteria for mechanical, physical and chemical properties and evaluationprocedure9.2.1 GeneralConformity of cement with the requirements for mechanical, physical and chemical properties in this EuropeanStandard is assumed if the conformity criteria specified in 9.2.2 and 9.2.3 are met. Conformity shall be evaluatedon the basis of continual sampling using spot samples taken at the point of release and on the basis of the testresults obtained on all autocontrol samples taken during the control period.9.2.2 Statistical conformity criteria9.2.2.1 Gener
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