SIST EN 301 958 V1.1.1:2005

Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Interaction channel for Digital Terrestrial Television (RCT) incorporating Multiple Access OFDM

Interaction channel for digital terrestrial television services, complimenting the DVB-T downstream specification (EN 300744).

Digitalna videoradiodifuzija (DVB) – Povratni kanal za digitalno prizemno televizijo (RCT), ki vsebuje večkratni dostop OFDM

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2005
• ICS: 33.170 - Television and radio broadcasting
• Technical Committee: RES - Radio equipment and systems
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Nov-2005
• Due Date: 01-Nov-2005
• Completion Date: 01-Nov-2005
• Ref Project: ETSI EN 301 958 V1.1.1 (2002-03) - Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Interaction channel for Digital Terrestrial Television (RCT) incorporating Multiple Access OFDM

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2005
'LJLWDOQDYLGHRUDGLRGLIX]LMD'9%±3RYUDWQLNDQDO]DGLJLWDOQRSUL]HPQRWHOHYL]LMR
5&7NLYVHEXMHYHþNUDWQLGRVWRS2)'0
Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Interaction channel for Digital Terrestrial Television
(RCT) incorporating Multiple Access OFDM
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 301 958 Version 1.1.1
ICS:
33.170 Televizijska in radijska Television and radio
difuzija broadcasting
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

European Standard (Telecommunications series)

Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB);
Interaction channel for Digital Terrestrial Television (RCT)
incorporating Multiple Access OFDM

European Broadcasting Union Union Européenne de Radio-Télévision
EBU·UER
2 ETSI EN 301 958 V1.1.1 (2002-03)

Reference
DEN/JTC-DVB-117
Keywords
broadcasting, digital, DVB, interaction, terrestrial,
TV, video
ETSI
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© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2002.
© European Broadcasting Union 2002.
All rights reserved.
ETSI
3 ETSI EN 301 958 V1.1.1 (2002-03)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights.7
Foreword.7
1 Scope.8
2 References.8
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations .9
3.1 Definitions.9
3.2 Symbols.10
3.3 Abbreviations.10
4 System architecture for wireless DVB-T interaction channels .12
4.1 Protocol stack model.12
4.2 System model.12
5 DVB-RCT interaction channel for terrestrial networks .14
5.1 System Concept.14
5.2 Lower physical layer principle .15
5.3 Forward Interaction Path (Downstream IB) .16
5.4 Return Interaction Path (Upstream).16
6 DVB-RCT upstream physical layer specifications.16
6.1 General principles.16
6.2 Transmission modes.18
6.3 Transmission frames.19
6.3.1 Transmission frames organization in the frequency domain .20
6.3.2 Transmission frame organization in the time domain.20
6.3.2.1 Transmission frame 1 (TF1).20
6.3.2.2 Transmission frame 2 (TF2).21
6.4 RCTT synchronization.22
6.4.1 Coarse synchronization.22
6.4.2 Symbol clock synchronization.25
6.4.3 Carrier synchronization.25
6.5 Signal definition.25
6.6 Transmitted signal.26
6.7 Randomization, channel encoding and interleaving.26
6.7.1 Data randomization.27
6.7.2 Channel encoding.27
6.7.2.1 Channel encoding using Turbo codes .28
6.7.2.1.1 Turbo code permutation.28
6.7.2.1.2 Determination of the circulation states .29
6.7.2.1.3 Rates and puncturing map .30
6.7.2.1.4 Order of output .30
6.7.2.2 Channel encoding using concatenated codes .30
6.7.2.2.1 Reed-Solomon encoding.30
6.7.2.2.2 Convolutional coding.31
6.7.2.2.3 Concatenated coding.32
6.7.3 Interleaving.33
6.8 Modulation Schemes.33
6.8.1 Constellations.34
6.8.2 Pilot modulation.35
6.8.3 Ranging pilot modulation.36
6.9 Shaping filters.36
6.9.1 The Nyquist shaping function.37
6.9.2 The Rectangular shaping function .37
6.10 Burst Structure and formatting .37
6.10.1 Burst Structure 1 (BS1) definition .38
6.10.1.1 Burst Structure 1 without frequency hopping .39
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4 ETSI EN 301 958 V1.1.1 (2002-03)
6.10.1.2 Burst Structure 1 with frequency hopping .40
6.10.2 Burst Structure 2 (BS2) definition .41
6.10.2.1 Carrier Allocation for Medium Access Scheme 2.43
6.10.2.2 Carrier allocation for Medium Access Scheme 3.43
6.10.3 Burst Structure 3 (BS3) definition .44
6.11 Medium Access Schemes.45
6.11.1 Medium Access Scheme 1.46
6.11.2 Medium Access Scheme 2.46
6.11.3 Medium Access Scheme 3.46
6.11.3.1 Sub-channel format for 2K mode structure.47
6.11.3.2 Sub-channel format for 1K mode structure.48
6.12 Ranging signal and structures.48
6.12.1 Ranging Sub-Channels definition.48
6.12.2 Ranging Sub-Channels code producer.49
6.12.3 Ranging interval.49
6.12.4 Long Ranging transmission .50
6.12.5 Short Ranging transmission .50
6.13 Transmission capacities.51
6.13.1 Burst capacity and bit rates.51
6.13.2 Transmission frame duration.54
6.14 Modulator performance.55
6.14.1 Modulator signal performance.55
6.14.2 Modulator switching performance.55
6.14.3 Spectrum mask.56
6.14.4 Time and frequency accuracy .57
6.14.4.1 Frequency accuracy.57
6.14.4.2 Time accuracy.57
7 Forward interaction path specification.58
7.1 Downstream general format .58
7.2 Upstream Synchronization Field format.60
7.3 RCTT synchronization procedure .60
7.3.1 Overall events sequencing .61
7.3.1.1 Initial synchronization procedure.61
7.3.1.2 Ranging synchronization procedure.61
8 DVB-RCT MAC layer specifications .62
8.1 MAC reference model.62
8.1.1 MAC concept.62
8.1.1.1 Relationship between higher layers and MAC protocol.62
8.1.1.2 Relationship between physical layer and MAC protocol .63
8.1.1.3 Relationship between physical layer slot position counter and MAC slot assignment .64
8.1.1.4 Timing relationship between upstream and downstream MAC Messages.64
8.1.2 Access modes (Contention/Ranging/Fixed rate/Reservation).64
8.2 Overview of cell configurations for DVB-RCT .66
8.2.1 RCTT's Initialization and Sign On procedure.68
8.3 Upstream message format .68
8.4 Downstream message format .69
8.4.1 MAC message format .69
8.4.2 MAC Initialization and Provisioning.72
8.4.2.1 Provisioning Channel Message (Broadcast Downstream).72
8.4.2.2 Default Configuration Message (Broadcast Downstream) .73
8.4.3 Sign On and Calibration .79
8.4.3.1 Ranging and Power Calibration Message (Broadcast/Singlecast Downstream).80
8.4.3.2 Sign-On Message (Singlecast Upstream) .83
8.4.3.3 Initialization Complete Message (Singlecast Downstream) .84
8.4.3.4 Slot State Message (Broadcast Downstream).85
8.4.4 Connection establishment.87
8.4.4.1 Establishment of the first (initial) connection .87
8.4.4.2 Connect Message (Singlecast Downstream).88
8.4.4.3 Connect Response (Upstream Contention or Reserved).93
8.4.4.4 Connect Confirm (Singlecast Downstream) .93
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5 ETSI EN 301 958 V1.1.1 (2002-03)
8.4.4.5 Establishment of additional connections.94
8.4.4.6 Resource Request Message (Upstream) .94
8.4.4.7 Resource Request Denied Message (Singlecast Downstream).95
8.4.5 Connection release.95
8.4.5.1 Release Message (Singlecast Downstream).96
8.4.5.2 Release Response (Upstream contention or reserved).96
8.4.6 Fixed rate access .96
8.4.7 Contention based access .97
8.4.8 Reservation access.97
8.4.8.1 Reservation ID Assignment Message (Singlecast Downstream).98
8.4.8.2 Reservation ID Response Message (Upstream contention or reserved) .99
8.4.8.3 Reservation Request Message (Upstream contention or reserved).99
8.4.8.3.1 Reservation Grant Message (Broadcast Downstream) .100
8.4.8.4 Reservation Status Request (Upstream contention or reserved).102
8.4.9 MAC Link Management.102
8.4.9.1 Power and Timing Management .102
8.4.9.2 TFDMA Allocation Management.103
8.4.9.3 Reprovision Message (Singlecast Downstream) .103
8.4.9.4 Channel Error Management .105
8.4.9.5 Idle Message (Upstream contention or reserved) .105
8.4.9.6 Link Management messages.105
8.4.9.7 Transmission Control Message (Singlecast or Broadcast Downstream) .108
8.4.9.8 Link Management Response Message (Upstream contention or reserved) .111
8.4.9.9 Status Request Message (Downstream Singlecast) .111
8.4.9.10 Status Response Message (Upstream Contention or reserved).112
8.4.9.11 US_Contention_Optimized_Transmission_Window_Message.114
8.5 Security (optional).115
8.5.1 Cryptographic primitives.115
8.5.1.1 Public key exchange.116
8.5.1.2 Hashing.116
8.5.1.3 Encryption.116
8.5.1.4 Pseudo-random numbers.117
8.5.2 Main Key Exchange, MKE.117
8.5.3 Quick Key Exchange, QKE .118
8.5.4 Explicit Key Exchange, EKE.118
8.5.5 Key derivation.118
8.5.6 Data stream processing .119
8.5.6.1 Payload streams.119
8.5.6.2 Data encryption.119
8.5.6.3 Encryption flags.120
8.5.6.4 Chaining and initialization vector .120
8.5.7 Security Establishment.120
8.5.8 Persistent state variables .121
8.5.8.1 Guaranteed delivery.121
8.5.9 Security MAC messages.122
8.5.9.1 Security Sign-On (Single-cast Downstream).122
8.5.9.2 Security Sign-On Response (Upstream) .123
8.5.9.3 Main Key Exchange (Single-cast Downstream).123
8.5.9.4 Main Key Exchange Response (Upstream) .124
8.5.9.5 Quick Key Exchange (Single-cast Downstream) .125
8.5.9.6 Quick Key Exchange Response (Upstream).125
8.5.9.7 Explicit Key Exchange (Single-cast Downstream).126
8.5.9.8 Explicit Key Exchange Response (Upstream).126
8.5.9.9 Wait (Upstream).127
8.6 MAC primitives.127
8.7 Control and resource primitives .128
8.7.1 On RCTT side.128
8.7.1.1 MAC_ACTIVATION_REQ.128
8.7.1.2 MAC_ACTIVATION_CNF.129
8.7.1.3 MAC_CONNECT_IND.130
8.7.1.4 MAC_RSV_ID_IND.132
8.7.1.5 MAC_RELEASE_IND.132
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6 ETSI EN 301 958 V1.1.1 (2002-03)
8.7.1.6 MAC_RESOURCE_REQ.132
8.7.1.7 MAC_RESOURCE_CNF.134
8.7.1.8 MAC_RESOURCE_DENIED_IND.134
8.7.2 On INA side.134
8.7.2.1 MAC_INA_RESOURCE_REQ.134
8.7.2.2 MAC_INA_RESOURCE_IND.136
8.8 Data primitives.137
8.8.1 DL_DATA_IND.137
8.8.2 DL_DATA_REQ.138
8.8.3 DL_DATA_CONF.138
8.9 Example MAC control scenarios (Informative) .139
8.9.1 Example MAC control scenario on RCTT side.139
8.9.2 Example resource management scenario on RCTT side.139
8.9.3 Example resource management scenario on INA side.140
8.9.4 Example upstream data transfer scenarios .140
Annex A (informative): Compatibility issues, frequency allocation, frequency range .142
A.1 Strategies for gaining access to spectrum for DVB-RCT .142
A.2 Preliminary considerations on frequency allocation .142
A.3 Possible Allocation Mechanisms.143
A.4 Compatibility issues.144
A.4.1 Compatibility at the user side.144
A.4.2 Duplexer.144
Annex B (informative): Return Channel RF Link budgets and service ranges .147
Annex C (informative): TV reception/RCT Txm arrangements.150
Annex D (informative): Structure and specification of the RCTT's RF stage.153
Annex E (informative): MAC Specification and Description Language (SDL) .154
Annex F (informative): Bibliography.163
History .164

ETSI
7 ETSI EN 301 958 V1.1.1 (2002-03)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by Joint Technical Committee (JTC) of the
European Broadcasting Union (EBU), Comité Européen de Normalisation ELECtrotechnique (CENELEC) and the
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
NOTE: The EBU/ETSI JTC Broadcast was established in 1990 to co-ordinate the drafting of standards in the
specific field of broadcasting and related fields. Since 1995 the JTC Broadcast became a tripartite body
by including in the Memorandum of Understanding also CENELEC, which is responsible for the
standardization of radio and television receivers. The EBU is a professional association of broadcasting
organizations whose work includes the co-ordination of its members' activities in the technical, legal,
programme-making and programme-exchange domains. The EBU has active members in about 60
countries in the European broadcasting area; its headquarters is in Geneva.
European Broadcasting Union
CH-1218 GRAND SACONNEX (Geneva)
Switzerland
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Founded in September 1993, the DVB Project is a market-led consortium of public and private sector organizations in
the television industry. Its aim is to establish the framework for the introduction of MPEG-2 based digital television
services. Now comprising over 200 organizations from more than 25 countries around the world, DVB fosters
market-led systems, which meet the real needs, and economic circumstances, of the consumer electronics and the
broadcast industry.
National transposition dates
Date of adoption of this EN: 22 February 2002
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 31 May 2002
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 30 November 2002
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 30 November 2002

ETSI
8 ETSI EN 301 958 V1.1.1 (2002-03)
1 Scope
The present document is the baseline specification for the provision of the interaction channel for digital terrestrial
television distribution system, DVB-T defined in the EN 300 744 standard [1].
The present document:
• gives a general description of the baseline system for interactive digital terrestrial TV;
• specifies the channel coding/modulation;
• specifies the medium access control protocol;
• provides guidelines on the radio frequency spectrum management.
The purpose of the MAC section is to redefine a set of MAC messages based on the DVB-RCCL MAC message set,
adapted to suit the specific characteristics of the physical layer of the DVB-RCT specification.
The solution provided in the present document for return channels through terrestrial broadcast systems is part of a
wider set of alternatives for implementing interactive services for DVB systems.
2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.
• References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies.
[1] ETSI EN 300 744: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and
modulation for Digital Terrestrial Television".
[2] ITU-T Recommendation I.361: "B-ISDN ATM layer specification".
[3] ITU-T Recommendation I.363: "B-ISDN ATM Adaptation Layer specification".
[4] IETF RFC 2104: "HMAC: Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication".
[5] ETSI EN 301 192: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB specification for data broadcasting".
[6] IETF RFC 951: "Bootstrap Protocol".
[7] ITU-T Recommendation Z.120: "Message sequence chart (MSC)".
[8] ISO/IEC 13818-1: "Information technology - Generic coding of moving pictures and associated
audio information: Systems".
ETSI
9 ETSI EN 301 958 V1.1.1 (2002-03)
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
burst structure: arrangement, in time and frequency, of symbols used to transmit the basic container of 144 symbols
NOTE: It contains data symbols, pilot symbols and Nyquist symbols if needed. There are three possible Burst
Structures (BS1, BS2, BS3).
cell: geographical area made up of one or more cell sectors
cell sector: geographical area covered by one or more DVB-T downstream transmitters with one or more upstream
channels controlled by one or more Base Station(s) (INAs)
contention access: used by the RCTT to transmit a MAC message to the Base Station, using a slot unallocated to any
RCTT
NOTE: Then, several RCTT can try to access the same slot at the same time.
medium access scheme: particular mapping of one or more Burst Structures onto a transmission frame
ranging sub-channel: set of carriers used to transmit Ranging Codes
ranging sub-channel number: number identifying a specific Ranging Sub-Channel
ranging access: used by the NIU in order to synchronize in time and power with the INA
NOTE: This is done in specific ranging slots.
slot: basic unit of allocation with 144 data symbols in time and in frequency (allowing a multiple or sub-multiple of
ATM cell)
NOTE: A time slot number and a sub-channel number determine it.
sub-channel: set of carriers used to transmit an Upstream Burst Structure
NOTE: The number of carriers used in a Sub-Channel is depending on the Burst Structure (BS1, BS2, BS3).
sub-channel number: number identifying a specific Sub-Channel
time slot: elementary time unit for allocation of a slot
time slot number: sequential number of the time slot
transmission frame: organization of the Upstream RF channel, repeated cyclically
NOTE: Two types of transmission frames are defined to provide the Base Station with the tools for ranging, data
reception and system synchronization.
upstream channel: set of carriers (2K or 1K) that constitutes an upstream DVB-RCT link
NOTE: Several upstream channels can be defined inside a Cell.
ETSI
10 ETSI EN 301 958 V1.1.1 (2002-03)
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
a % b a modulo b
#I number I
a and= b test a and b equal b ?
a == b test a equal b ?
andand logical and
|| logical or
a = b affectation of the value b to a
a++ increment of a
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AAL5 ATM Adaption Layer 5
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
BB Base Band
BC Broadcast Channel
BIM Broadcast Interface Module
BNA Broadcast Network Adapter
BO Back-Off
BS Burst Structure
BS1 Burst Structure 1
BS2 Burst Structure 2
BS3 Burst Structure 3
C/N Carrier over Noise ratio
CBC Cipher Block Chaining
CBD Connection Block Descriptor
CC Concatenated Code
Connection ID Connection IDentifier
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
DC Direct Current
DES Data Encryption Standard
DS Down-Stream
DVB Digital Video Broadcasting
DVB-T Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial
EKE Explicit Key Exchange
FD Frequency Division
FDD Frequency Division Duplex
FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
FFT Fast Fourier Transform
GFC Generic Flow Control
GSM Global System for Mobile
HMAC Hash-based Message Authentication Code
IB In-Band
IC Interaction Channel
ICS Inter-Carrier Spacing
ID IDentifier
IF Intermediate Frequency
IIM Interaction Interface Module
INA Interactive Network Adapter
IP Internet Protocol
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
IV Initialization Vector
LLC Logical Link Control
lsb least significant bit
MAC Medium Access Control
MAS Medium Access Scheme
ETSI
11 ETSI EN 301 958 V1.1.1 (2002-03)
MAS1 Medium Access Scheme 1
MAS2 Medium Access Scheme 2
MAS3 Medium Access Scheme 3
MKE Main Key Exchange
MPEG Moving Pictures Experts Group
msb most significant bit
MSC Message Sequence Chart (see ITU-T Recommendation Z.120)
NIU Network Interface Unit
NSAP Network Service Access Point
OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
OSI Open Systems Interconnection
OTP Operational Transmission Power
PDU Protocol Data Unit
PHY PHYsical layer
PID Programme IDentifier (see ISO/IEC 13818-1)
PPP Point-to-Point Protocol
PRBS Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence
Prg Programme
PRNG Pseudo-Random Number Generator
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QKE Quick Key Exchange
QoS Quality of Service
QPSK Quaternary Phase Shift Keying
RCCL Return Channel-Cable and LMDS
RCT Return Channel Terrestrial
RCTT Return Channel Terrestrial Terminal
Reservation ID Reservation IDentifier
RF Radio Frequency
RS Reed-Solomon
Rx Receiver
SCN Sub-Channel Number
SDL Specification and Description Language
SMATV Satellite Master Antenna TeleVision
STB Set Top Box
STU Set Top Unit
TD Time Division
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
TPS Transmission Parameter Signalling
TS Transport Stream
Tx Transmitter
UHF Ultra High Frequency
US Up-Stream
VCI ATM Virtual Channel Identification (see ITU-T Recommendation I.361)
VHF Very High Frequency
VPI ATM Virtual Path Identification (see ITU-T Recommendation I.361)
VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
ETSI
12 ETSI EN 301 958 V1.1.1 (2002-03)
4 System architecture for wireless DVB-T interaction
channels
4.1 Protocol stack model
For asymmetric interactive services supporting broadcast to the home with a return channel, a simple communications
model consists of the following layers:
- physical layer: defines all the physical (electrical) transmission parameters;
- transport layer: defines all the relevant data structures and communication protocols like data containers, etc.;
- application layer: is the interactive application software and runtime environments (e.g. home shopping
application, script interpreter, etc.).
A simplified model of the OSI layers was adopted to facilitate the production of specifications for these layers.
Figure 1 points out the lower layers of the simplified model and identifies some of the key parameters for the lower two
layers.
Proprietary layers
Network
Independant
Higher medium
Protocols
layers
Access mechanism
Packet structure
Synchronisation
Network
Modulation
Dependant
Channel coding
Protocols
Frequency range
Filtering
Power Ranging
Figure 1: Layer structure for generic system reference model
The prese
...