SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
(Main)Eye and face protection - Guidance on selection, use and maintenance (ISO 19734:2021)
Eye and face protection - Guidance on selection, use and maintenance (ISO 19734:2021)
This document gives guidance on the control of eye and face hazards including physical, mechanical, chemical, optical radiation and biological and the selection, use and maintenance of eye and face protectors.
This document applies to:
— Occupational use
— Non-occupational use including around the home, leisure activities and hobbies
— Schools, educational and research establishments
This document does not apply to eye and face protection for:
— ionizing radiation;
— low frequency radio waves
— microwaves
— sports or vehicular usage.
NOTE See the ISO 18527 series for advice about application to sports.
Brief advice on protection when using lasers is included but for detailed advice, see IEC 60825-14.
This standard is neither a whole nor partial substitute for risk assessment which is an essential part of any eye and face protection programme
Augen- und Gesichtsschutz - Leitfaden zur Auswahl, Anwendung und Instandhaltung (ISO 19734:2021)
Dieses Dokument enthält einen Leitfaden für Hersteller und Anwender zur Beurteilung von Gefährdungen für Augen und Gesicht, einschließlich physikalischen, mechanischen und chemischen Gefährdungen, optischer Strahlung und biologischen Gefährdungen, sowie zur Auswahl, Anwendung und Instandhaltung von Augen- und Gesichtsschutzgeräten.
Dieses Dokument ist anzuwenden für
- berufliche Anwendung,
- Aufgaben, die ähnlich wie in einem Beruf, aber nicht am Arbeitsplatz ausgeführt werden, z. B. im Heimwerkerbereich, und
- Schulen, Bildungs- und Forschungseinrichtungen.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anzuwenden für den Augen- und Gesichtsschutz für
- ionisierende Strahlung,
- Niedrigfrequenz-Funkwellen,
- Mikrowellen,
- Sport- oder Fahrzeuganwendung, und
- Sonnenbrillen für den allgemeinen (nicht beruflichen) Gebrauch, siehe ISO 12312-1.
ANMERKUNG Die ISO 18527 (alle Teile) legt Anforderungen an Augenschutzgeräte zur Anwendung bei manchen Sportarten fest.
Kürzere Hinweise zum Schutz bei der Anwendung von Lasern sind enthalten, für ausführliche Hinweise siehe jedoch IEC/TR 60825 14.
Dieses Dokument ist weder ein vollständiger noch ein teilweiser Ersatz für die Risikobewertung, die ein wesentlicher Bestandteil jedes Maßnahmenprogramms hinsichtlich Augen- und Gesichtsschutzes ist.
Obwohl dieses Dokument verfasst wurde, um Herstellern und Anwendern zu helfen, sind alle Empfehlungen in diesem Dokument nur als Leitfaden zu verstehen und nicht als Ersatz für nationale gesetzliche Anforderungen gedacht. Die Gefährdungsbeurteilung liegt in der alleinigen Verantwortung des Arbeitsgebers und nicht des PSA-Herstellers oder seines Bevollmächtigten.
Protection des yeux et du visage - Lignes directrices pour le choix, l’utilisation et l’entretien (ISO 19734:2021)
Le présent document fournit des recommandations aux rédacteurs de spécifications et aux utilisateurs sur la maîtrise des dangers pour les yeux et le visage, notamment les dangers physiques, mécaniques, biologiques et rayonnements optiques, ainsi que sur le choix, l'utilisation et l'entretien des protecteurs des yeux et du visage.
Le présent document s'applique:
— à une utilisation en milieu professionnel;
— aux tâches similaires à des tâches professionnelles et effectuées en dehors du lieu de travail, par exemple le bricolage; et
— aux écoles, établissements scolaires et instituts de recherche.
Le présent document ne s'applique pas à la protection des yeux et du visage:
— contre les rayonnements ionisants;
— contre les ondes radio basses fréquences;
— contre les hyperfréquences;
— contre les utilisations sportives ou véhiculaires; et
— des lunettes de soleil pour usage général (non professionnel) (voir ISO 12312-1).
NOTE L'ISO 18527 (toutes les parties) définit des exigences pour les protecteurs des yeux pour certains sports.
Le présent document fournit quelques conseils sur la protection associée à l'utilisation de lasers, mais l'IEC/TR 60825-14 fournit à cet égard des informations plus détaillées.
L'application du présent document ne saurait en tout ou partie se substituer à une évaluation des risques, qui constitue une partie essentielle de tout programme de protection des yeux et du visage.
Bien que le présent document ait été rédigé en vue d'aider les rédacteurs de spécifications et les utilisateurs, toutes les préconisations du présent document doivent être interprétées comme des recommandations et n'ont pas vocation à se substituer aux exigences réglementaires nationales. L'évaluation des risques relève exclusivement de la responsabilité de l'employeur et non du fabricant d'EPI ou de son représentant autorisé.
Varovanje oči in obraza - Navodilo za izbiro, uporabo in vzdrževanje (ISO 19734:2021)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
01-julij-2021
Varovanje oči in obraza - Navodilo za izbiro, uporabo in vzdrževanje (ISO
19734:2021)
Eye and face protection - Guidance on selection, use and maintenance (ISO
19734:2021)
Augen- und Gesichtsschutz - Leitfaden zur Auswahl, Anwendung und Instandhaltung
(ISO 19734:2021)
Protection des yeux et du visage - Lignes directrices pour le choix, l’utilisation et
l’entretien (ISO 19734:2021)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 19734:2021
ICS:
13.340.20 Varovalna oprema za glavo Head protective equipment
SIST EN ISO 19734:2021 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
EN ISO 19734
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.340.20
English Version
Eye and face protection - Guidance on selection, use and
maintenance (ISO 19734:2021)
Protection des yeux et du visage - Lignes directrices Augen- und Gesichtsschutz - Leitfaden zur Auswahl,
pour le choix, l'utilisation et l'entretien (ISO Anwendung und Instandhaltung (ISO 19734:2021)
19734:2021)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 March 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 19734:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
EN ISO 19734:2021 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
EN ISO 19734:2021 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 19734:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 94 "Personal
safety -- Personal protective equipment" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 85 “Eye
protective equipment” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2021, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 19734:2021 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 19734:2021 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19734
First edition
2021-02
Eye and face protection — Guidance
on selection, use and maintenance
Protection des yeux et du visage — Lignes directrices pour le choix,
l’utilisation et l’entretien
Reference number
ISO 19734:2021(E)
©
ISO 2021
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
ISO 19734:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
ISO 19734:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 General . 2
4.1 Structure of the human eye . 2
4.2 Hazards and risks to the eye and face . 3
4.2.1 Surrounding structures of the eye . 3
4.2.2 Peri-orbital skin . 4
4.2.3 Tears . 4
4.2.4 Cornea and conjunctiva . . 4
4.2.5 Iris and lens . 4
4.2.6 Retina . 5
4.2.7 Optic nerve . 5
4.2.8 Choroid and retinal pigment epithelium. 5
4.3 The eye's defence system . 5
4.4 Colour perception . 7
5 Hazards and their consequences . 8
5.1 General hazards . 8
5.1.1 Mechanical hazards . 8
5.1.2 Chemical hazards. 9
5.1.3 Radiation hazards .10
5.1.4 Biological hazards .11
5.1.5 Convection heat .12
5.2 Application specific hazards.12
5.2.1 Laser hazards .12
5.2.2 Welding hazards .13
5.2.3 Electric arc hazards .14
5.2.4 Glass blowing hazards .14
6 Control of eye and face hazards .15
6.1 General .15
6.2 Screens .16
6.2.1 General.16
6.2.2 Recommended materials for screens .17
6.2.3 Selection of light-transmitting screens and curtains for arc welding operations 17
6.2.4 Illumination of the work area .17
6.3 Exhaust systems .17
6.4 Other methods .17
7 Selection and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) .18
7.1 General .18
7.2 Types of eye and face protectors .18
7.2.1 General.18
7.2.2 Selection process .20
7.2.3 Eye and face protection for those requiring vision correction .26
7.2.4 Material choice .27
7.2.5 Comfort, vision and fit .28
7.2.6 Application based selection.29
7.3 Checking the fit .39
7.3.1 Fit, comfort and compliance .39
7.3.2 Ensuring compliance with an eye protection programme .40
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
ISO 19734:2021(E)
8 Care and maintenance .40
8.1 Hygiene and cleaning .40
8.2 Replacement of eye protectors.41
9 Compatibility .41
9.1 General .41
9.2 Eye protectors and respirators .42
9.3 Eye protectors and protective earmuffs .42
9.4 Helmet mounted face shields .42
9.5 Face shields and respirators .42
9.6 Eyewear with half-mask respirators .42
10 Eye and face protector marking .42
11 Special requirements for working conditions (e.g. hot, humid, dusty, fog, abrasion) .43
Annex A (informative) Electric arc protective equipment combinations .45
Annex B (informative) Marking of laser eye protectors .47
Bibliography .49
iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
ISO 19734:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 94 Personal safety — Personal protective
equipment, Subcommittee SC 6 Eye and face protection, in collaboration with the European Committee
for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 85, Eye-protective equipment, in accordance
with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
ISO 19734:2021(E)
Introduction
This document is intended to provide guidance on how to select, use and maintain eye and face
protectors. A workplace eye and face safety programme should be introduced and a hierarchy of control
followed where workers are exposed to a recognised risk of injury to the eyes and/or face. Examples of
areas and processes where eye and/or face hazards may exist are shown in Tables 2, 4 and 5.
The aim of an eye and face safety programme is to protect the eyes and face of the worker through
the process of elimination or control of hazards and, where necessary, the wearing of appropriate
protection.
While responsibility for the successful implementation of an eye and face safety programme rests with
senior management, every effort is required to secure the participation and involvement of employees
or their representatives in all phases of the programme. Experience has shown that programmes
lacking this involvement have less chance of success.
A critical examination of working conditions, particularly lighting, layout and planning of buildings and
processes, forms a necessary part of an eye and face safety programme.
Selection of a suitable programme may be assigned to safety personnel within the organisation or
advice may be sought from outside sources. Elements that have been found in successful eye and face
safety programmes include the following:
a) An assessment of hazards.
b) Determination of workplace hazard areas.
c) Elimination or confinement of hazards (where possible).
d) Vision screening.
e) Referral for optometric, ophthalmological examination or both, where necessary.
f) The universal wearing of suitable eye and face protectors for those persons at risk.
g) Educational campaigns on eye safety.
Eye and face protectors are items of personal protective equipment (PPE) intended to prevent the
harmful effects that physical (e.g. flying particles, dust, splashing and molten materials), optical (e.g.
solar and artificial radiation and high intensity radiation generated during operations such as welding
and furnace work), chemical (e.g. pressurised materials, harmful gases, vapours and aerosols) and
biological hazards may have to the eye and face.
For eye and face protectors to be effective they should be used at all times when the user is in a
potentially hazardous environment. When selecting eye and face protectors, attention should be given
to factors influencing comfort and user preference.
Those involved in selling eye and face protectors to the general public for use in non-workplace settings
should adhere to the principles and guidance in this standard to ensure that users of personal protective
equipment are fully informed about making the safest choice for a particular task and environment
as well as how to use the protective equipment in the safest manner. This should also apply to those
businesses that hire out power equipment. Safety guidance based on this document should be provided
to prospective customers to ensure that they select and use the correct protective equipment to reduce
the risk of eye and face injury.
vi © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19734:2021(E)
Eye and face protection — Guidance on selection, use and
maintenance
1 Scope
This document gives guidance to specifiers and users on the control of eye and face hazards including
physical, mechanical, chemical, optical radiation and biological and on the selection, use and
maintenance of eye and face protectors.
This document applies to
— occupational use,
— tasks that are performed similarly to those in an occupation but not in the workplace, e.g. "do-it-
yourself", and
— schools, educational and research establishments.
This document does not apply to eye and face protection for
— ionizing radiation,
— low frequency radio waves,
— microwaves,
— sports or vehicular usage, and
— sunglasses for general (not occupational) use – see ISO 12312-1.
NOTE The ISO 18527 (all parts) sets requirements for eye protectors for some sports.
Brief advice on protection when using lasers is included but for detailed advice, see IEC/TR 60825-14.
This document is neither a whole nor partial substitute for risk assessment, which is an essential part
of any eye and face protection programme.
Although this document has been written to help specifiers and users, any recommendations in this
document are to be interpreted as guidance only and not intended to replace any national regulatory
requirements. Risk assessment is the sole responsibility of the employer and not the PPE manufacturer
or its authorised representative.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4007, Personal protective equipment — Eye and face protection — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
1) 2)
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4007 and the following apply .
1) The terms and definitions for risk and hazard have been included here for the reader's convenience.
2) The abbreviation PPE means personal protective equipment.
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
ISO 19734:2021(E)
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
NOTE ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014, Clause 4, states: The term “safe” is often understood by the general public as
the state of being protected from all hazards. However, this is a misunderstanding: “safe” is rather the state of
being protected from recognized hazards that are likely to cause harm. Some level of risk is inherent in products
or systems. The use of the terms “safety” and “safe” as descriptive adjectives is avoided when they convey no
useful extra information. In addition, they are likely to be misinterpreted as an assurance of freedom from risk.
The recommended approach is to replace, wherever possible, the terms “safety” and “safe” with an indication of
the objective – for example, the phrase “protective spectacles” should be used in preference to “safety spectacles”.
3.1
hazard
potential source of harm
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014, 3.2]
3.2
risk
combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm
Note 1 to entry: Note 1 to entry: The probability of occurrence includes the exposure to a hazardous situation,
the occurrence of a hazardous event and the possibility to avoid or limit the harm.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014, 3.9]
4 General
4.1 Structure of the human eye
See Figure 1.
2 © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
ISO 19734:2021(E)
Key
1 eyelid 8 vitreous chamber (filled with vitreous humour)
2 iris 9 crystalline lens
3 pupil 10 optic nerve
4 anterior Chamber (filled with aqueous humour) 11 macular region of retina
5 cornea 12 pigment epithelium and choroid
6 ciliary muscle 13 sclera
7 retina
Figure 1 — Outline of the human eye (cross section)
a) Light emitted, transmitted or reflected by an object in the field of vision travels toward the eyes.
b) Light passes through the CORNEA (transparent “front window” of the eye), which provides two-
thirds of the focusing power of the eye.
c) The PUPIL (the opening at the centre of the pigmented IRIS) changes size to vary the amount of
light that reaches the retina.
d) The CRYSTALLINE LENS provides the remaining focusing power of the eye.
e) The RETINA (rear inner lining of the eye that contains light-sensitive and image processing cells
and nerve fibres) converts light into neural signals. The MACULAR region is located near the centre
of the retina and is dense with photoreceptors; its function is to process central vision in fine detail.
f) The OPTIC NERVE is the collection of nerve fibres that carry these signals to the brain.
4.2 Hazards and risks to the eye and face
4.2.1 Surrounding structures of the eye
The structures surrounding the eye, including the eyelids, skin, muscles and the orbital bones are
susceptible to permanent damage. Objects of sufficient energy can cause bone fracture, contusions,
lacerations and penetration of these tissues. Damage to the muscles and bones around the eye can
result in a temporary or permanent disruption to binocular vision.
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved 3
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SIST EN ISO 19734:2021
ISO 19734:2021(E)
4.2.2 Peri-orbital skin
The skin of the eyelids is thinner than the skin in the rest of the body and is therefore more susceptible
to physical dama
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 19734:2020
01-maj-2020
Varovanje oči in obraza - Navodilo za izbiro, uporabo in vzdrževanje (ISO/DIS
19734:2020)
Eye and face protection - Guidance on selection, use and maintenance (ISO/DIS
19734:2020)
Protection des yeux et du visage - Lignes directrices pour le choix, l’utilisation et
l’entretien (ISO/DIS 19734:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 19734
ICS:
13.340.20 Varovalna oprema za glavo Head protective equipment
oSIST prEN ISO 19734:2020 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN ISO 19734:2020
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oSIST prEN ISO 19734:2020
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 19734
ISO/TC 94/SC 6 Secretariat: BSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2020-03-11 2020-06-03
Eye and face protection — Guidance on selection, use and
maintenance
Protection des yeux et du visage — Lignes directrices pour le choix, l’utilisation et l’entretien
ICS: 13.340.20
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 19734:2020(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2020
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oSIST prEN ISO 19734:2020
ISO/DIS 19734:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 19734:2020
ISO/DIS 19734:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 General . 2
4.1 Structure of the human eye . 2
4.2 Hazards and risks to the eye and face . 3
4.2.1 Surrounding structures of the eye . 3
4.2.2 Peri-orbital skin . 3
4.2.3 Cornea and conjunctiva . . 3
4.2.4 Iris and lens . 4
4.2.5 Retina . 4
4.2.6 Optic nerve . 4
4.3 The eye defence system . 4
4.4 Colour perception . 6
5 Hazard and their consequences . 6
5.1 General hazards . 6
5.1.1 Mechanical hazards . 7
5.1.2 Chemical hazards. 8
5.1.3 Radiation hazards . 8
5.1.4 Biological hazards .10
5.1.5 Convection heat .10
5.2 Application specific hazards.11
5.2.1 Laser hazards .11
5.2.2 Welding hazards .11
5.2.3 Electric arc hazards .12
5.2.4 Glass blowing hazards .13
6 Control of eye and face hazards .13
6.1 General .13
6.2 Screens .14
6.2.1 General.14
6.2.2 Recommended materials for screens .15
6.2.3 Selection of light-transmitting screens and curtains for arc welding operations 15
6.2.4 Illumination of the work area .15
6.3 Exhaust systems .15
6.4 Other methods .15
7 Selection and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) .16
7.1 General .16
7.2 Types of eye and face protection .16
7.2.1 General.16
7.2.2 Selection process .18
7.2.3 Corrective eye protection .24
7.2.4 Material choice .24
7.2.5 Comfort and fit .25
7.2.6 Application based selection.26
7.3 Checking the fit .35
7.3.1 Ensuring compliance with an eye protection programme .36
8 Care and maintenance .36
8.1 Hygiene and cleaning .36
8.2 Replacement of eye protectors.37
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9 Compatibility .37
9.1 General .37
9.2 Eyewear and respirators .37
9.3 Eye-protector and protective earmuffs .37
9.4 Helmet mounted face-shields .38
9.5 Face-shields and respirators .38
9.6 Eyewear with half-mask respirators .38
10 Eye and face protection marking .38
11 Special requirements for working conditions (e.g. hot, humid, dusty, fog, abrasion) .39
Annex A (informative) Electric arc protective equipment combinations .40
Bibliography .42
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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 94 Personal safety – Personal protective
equipment , Subcommittee SC 6 Eye and face protection.
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Introduction
This document is intended to provide guidance on how to select, use and maintain eye and face
protection. A workplace eye and face safety programme should be introduced where workers are
exposed to a recognised risk of injury to the eyes and/or face. Examples of areas and processes where
eye and/or face hazards may exist are shown in Tables 2, 4 and 5.
The aim of an eye and face safety programme is to protect the eyes and face of the worker through
the process of elimination or control of hazards and, where necessary, the wearing of appropriate
protection.
While responsibility for the successful implementation of an eye and face safety programme rests with
senior management, every effort is required to secure the participation and involvement of employees
or their representatives in all phases of the programme. Experience has shown that programmes
lacking this involvement have less chance of success.
A critical examination of working conditions, particularly lighting, layout and planning of buildings and
processes, form a necessary part of eye and face safety programme.
Selection of a suitable programme may be assigned to safety personnel within the organisation or
advice may be sought from outside sources. Elements that have been found in successful eye and face
safety programmes include the following:
a) An assessment of hazards.
b) Determination of workplace hazard areas.
c) Elimination or confinement of hazards (where possible).
d) Vision screening.
e) Referral for optometric, ophthalmological examination or both, where necessary.
f) The universal wearing of suitable eye and face protection for those persons at risk.
g) Educational campaigns on eye safety.
Eye and face protection are items of personal protective equipment (PPE) intended to prevent the
harmful effects that physical (e.g. flying particles, dust, splashing and molten materials), optical (e.g.
solar and artificial radiation and high intensity radiation generated during operations such as welding
and furnace work), chemical (e.g. pressurised materials, harmful gases, vapours and aerosols) and
biological hazards may have to the eye and face.
For eye and face protection devices to be effective they should be used at all times when the user is in a
potentially hazardous environment. When selecting eye and face protection, attention should be given
to factors influencing comfort and user preference.
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 19734:2020(E)
Eye and face protection — Guidance on selection, use and
maintenance
1 Scope
This document gives guidance on the control of eye and face hazards including physical, mechanical,
chemical, optical radiation and biological and the selection, use and maintenance of eye and face
protectors.
This document applies to:
— occupational use
— non-occupational use including around the home, leisure activities and hobbies
— schools, educational and research establishments
This document does not apply to eye and face protection for:
— ionizing radiation;
— low frequency radio waves
— microwaves
— sports or vehicular usage.
NOTE See the ISO 18527 series for advice about application to sports.
Brief advice on protection when using lasers is included but for detailed advice, see IEC 60825-14.
This standard is neither a whole nor partial substitute for risk assessment which is an essential part of
any eye and face protection programme.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4007, Personal protective equipment — Eye and face protection — Vocabulary
ISO 16321-1, Occupational eye and face protection – Part 1: General requirements
ISO 16321-2, Occupational eye and face protection – Part 2: Additional requirements for welding protectors
ISO 16321-3, Occupational eye and face protection – Part 3: Additional requirements for mesh
ISO 12312-1, Eye and face protection — Sunglasses and related eyewear — Part 1: Sunglasses for general use
ISO 18527 (series), Eye and face protection – Eye protection for sports use
AS/NZS 4174, Knitted and woven shade fabrics
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4007 apply. ISO and IEC
maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
NOTE ISO Guide 51: 2014, clause 4 states: The term “safe” is often understood by the general public as
the state of being protected from all hazards. However, this is a misunderstanding: “safe” is rather the state of
being protected from recognized hazards that are likely to cause harm. Some level of risk is inherent in products
or systems. The use of the terms “safety” and “safe” as descriptive adjectives should be avoided when they
convey no useful extra information. In addition, they are likely to be misinterpreted as an assurance of freedom
from risk. The recommended approach is to replace, wherever possible, the terms “safety” and “safe” with an
indication of the objective – for example, the phrase “protective spectacles” should be used in preference to
“safety spectacles”
4 General
4.1 Structure of the human eye
Key
1 Eyelid 7 Retina
2 Iris 8 Vitreous chamber (filled with vitreous humour)
3 Pupil 9 Crystalline lens
4 Anterior Chamber (filled with aqueous humour) 10 Optic nerve
5 Cornea 11 Macular region
6 Ciliary muscle 12 Choroid
Figure 1 — Outline of the human eye (cross section)
Explanation
a) Light is emitted by an object or strikes an object in the field of vision and is reflected or transmitted
to the eyes. Light emitted, transmitted or reflected by an object in the field of vision travels toward
the eyes.
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b) Light passes through the CORNEA (transparent “front window” of the eye), which provides two-
thirds of the focusing power of the eye.
c) The PUPIL (the opening at the centre of the pigmented IRIS) changes size to vary the amount of
light entering the eye.
d) The CRYSTALLINE LENS provides the remaining focusing power of the eye.
e) The RETINA (rear inner lining of the eye that contains light-sensitive and image processing cells)
converts light into neural signals.
f) The OPTIC NERVE carries these signals to the brain.
4.2 Hazards and risks to the eye and face
4.2.1 Surrounding structures of the eye
The structures surrounding the eye, including the eyelids, skin, muscles and the orbital bones are
susceptible to permanent damage. Objects of sufficient energy can cause bone fracture, contusions,
lacerations and penetration of these tissues. Damage to the muscles and bones around the eye can
result in a temporary or permanent disruption to binocular vision.
The lacrimal gland, which is situated in the orbit above and temporal to the eye, and tiny glands in
the conjunctiva secrete tears. These drain down to the nose through the naso-lacrimal ducts (often
called simply the "tear ducts") that start as openings in the edges of the eyelids near the nose. The
glands can be damaged directly by chemicals. Chemicals can also be absorbed into the body through
the conjunctiva, or the nasal mucosa if washed through the tear duct.
4.2.2 Peri-orbital skin
The skin of the eyelids is thinner than the skin in the rest of the body and is therefore more susceptible
to physical damage such as bruising and lacerations, while the geometry of the lower lid makes it more
vulnerable to UV radiation damage, including some skin cancers.
The lacrimal gland, which is situated in the orbit above and temporal to the eye, and tiny glands in
the conjunctiva secrete tears. These drain down to the nose through the naso-lacrimal ducts (often
called simply the "tear ducts") that start as openings in the edges of the eyelids near the nose. The
glands can be damaged directly by chemicals. Chemicals can also be absorbed into the body through
the conjunctiva, or the nasal mucosa if washed through the tear duct.
4.2.3 Cornea and conjunctiva
The cornea is about 0,6 mm thick at its centre and is composed of several layers. The outermost layer
of the cornea, the epithelium, is highly sensitive to foreign bodies, including fine particles and dust that
can irritate and damage it. The resulting discomfort and soreness can last from a few minutes to several
days. The epithelium regenerates very rapidly, so minor lesions heal quickly leaving no permanent
damage. Minor ingress of foreign matter can be readily dispersed by fluid secreted by the tear glands
whereas larger amounts will require dispersal with a copious stream of water or other more intensive
remedies conducted within a specialized medical environment. Even minor damage to the epithelium
may facilitate infection which can result in clouding and permanent vision loss.
The main component of the cornea, about 90 % of its thickness, is the stroma. This relies on a very
regular structure for its transparency so that any physical damage results in scar tissue that is irregular
and, therefore, not transparent. Hence more severe damage to the cornea that goes deeper than the
epithelium such as lacerations, penetration, etc, will give opaque scar tissue which can result in clouded
or permanent loss of vision.
Liquid splashes of alkalis and strong acids will cause serious, often permanent, damage to the
conjunctiva and cornea, eventually blindness. Alkalis are particularly damaging to the surface of the
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eye, rapidly causing irreversible damage. Conjunctivitis can also be caused by allergic reactions to
many chemical substances, pollens, and biological agents. Even minor splashes or fine aerosol spray of
such substances can cause irritation.
The innermost layer of the cornea is a single layer of cells that form the endothelium. This does not
regenerate after damage, the remaining cells enlarging to spread out over the surface. If this number
falls below a threshold, the cornea becomes oedematous and is unable to maintain its transparency.
Exposure to sufficiently intense sources of infrared radiation from artificial sources can results
in burns to the cornea (IR-B and C), retina and the lens (IR-A). Exposure to sufficiently high levels
of UV radiation results in an acute effect with painful inflammation of the epithelium of the cornea
and conjunctiva. This acute effect is typically associated with exposure to electric arc welding and is
commonly known as arc-eye or welder’s flash. Long term exposure to UV can also result in chronic
conditions such as pterygium (a scar on the exposed conjunctival tissue nasally and temporally), pannus
(a nasal corneal growth), exposure keratitis (inflammation), endothelial polymegethism (irregular cell
sizes and shapes).
4.2.4 Iris and lens
Flying objects of sufficient mass and velocity can penetrate the cornea to injure the iris and the lens. Blunt
trauma, e.g. walking or falling onto furniture, impact from a large object such as a football or basketball,
can also result in damage to the iris, while it can cause cataract and subluxation (displacement) of the
lens. Physical damage to the lens and its associated muscles can result in permanent loss of focus and
increased susceptibility to certain diseases e.g. glaucoma. Damage to the iris can also result in problems
with light sensitivity (photophobia).
4.2.5 Retina
As well as being damaged by penetrating objects, the retina is also susceptible to blunt trauma to
the exterior of the eye. This can result in retinal detachment and visual field loss. Acute damage, i.e.
damage caused essentially immediately after an event rather than cumulatively, may be caused by high
intensity optical radiation, e.g. lasers or viewing the sun. Visible light, especially blue light, can cause
photochemical damage within the light-sensitive cells of the retina. This painless loss of vision occurs
several hours after the injurious exposure and may take several months to recover; permanent vision
loss is possible. Some chemicals or medicines, e.g. drugs used to treat skin conditions, can photosensitize
the retina allowing even tiny amounts of UV radiation or visible light to cause severe damage.
4.2.6 Optic nerve
Blunt trauma to the eye can also result in
...
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