ASTM D3291-97

Standard Practice for Compatibility of Plasticizers in Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Plastics Under Compression

SCOPE
1.1 This practice determines the compatibility of plasticizers in poly(vinyl chloride) plastics by rating the amount of plasticizer that spews due to compressional stress set up inside a 180° loop bend.  Note 1-Ingredients other than plasticizer can spew from a total formulation.
1.2 The values as stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  Note 2-There are no ISO standards covering the primary subject of this practice.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jul-1997
• ICS: 83.040.30 - Auxiliary materials and additives for plastics
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.15 - Thermoplastic Materials

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D3291-97(2003) - Standard Practice for Compatibility of Plasticizers in Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Plastics Under Compression
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 3291 – 97
Standard Practice for
Compatibility of Plasticizers in Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Plastics
Under Compression
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3291; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope * are bent through an arc of approximately 180°. The inner
radius of the bend is equal to the thickness of the specimen.
1.1 This practice determines the compatibility of plasticiz-
These bent specimens are secured in a jig designed to hold
ers in poly(vinyl chloride) plastics by rating the amount of
them in the desired conformation. At specified intervals of
plasticizer that spews due to compressional stress set up inside
time, a specimen is removed, bent 360° in the opposite
a 180° loop bend.
direction, and the former inside of the loop (now the outside)
NOTE 1—Ingredients other than plasticizer can spew from a total
is examined for evidence of plasticizer spew.
formulation.
5. Significance and Use
1.2 The text of this practice references notes and footnotes
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
5.1 Plasticizers may become less compatible in poly(vinyl
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
chloride) resin when fused compound is subjected to compres-
as requirements of this practice.
sive stress.
1.3 The values as stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
5.1.1 This test subjects a standard test specimen to a definite
standard. The values in parentheses are given for information
deformation and allows qualitative determination of the
only.
amount of spew which may occur over a period of time.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1.2 An apparent decrease in compatibility of plasticizers
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
with subsequent exudation can cause excessive dirt pickup,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
marring of lacquered or varnished surfaces, sticky feel, and a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
number of other associated problems.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1.3 When a plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) sheet is
stressed in compression by bending it through 180°, the stress
NOTE 2—There are no ISO standards covering the primary subject of
may be relieved by migration of the plasticizer from the
this practice.
compressed area (inside of bend) to the area in tension (outside
2. Referenced Documents
of bend). If these compressive stresses cannot be relieved
rapidly by internal migration of plasticizer, then plasticizer will
2.1 ASTM Standards:
spew. The internal migration of plasticizer will continue and
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
when a deficiency of plasticizer occurs at the compressed area
D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
spewed plasticizer will be reabsorbed. Certain plasticizers may
Plastics
spew and be reabsorbed quite rapidly. Less compatible plasti-
3. Terminology
cizers may spew early and continue to spew throughout the
test. A test of one week’s duration is used for screening, while
3.1 General—Definitions are in accordance with Terminol-
an extended test of seven weeks’ duration is used for a
ogy D 883 and abbreviations with Terminology D 1600, unless
complete profile.
otherwise indicated.
NOTE 3—Other test conditions of time, temperature, or relative humid-
4. Summary of Practice
ity may be agreed upon between the seller and the purchaser.
4.1 Test specimens of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) sheet
6. Apparatus
6.1 Bending Test Jig, as shown in Fig. 1.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-20 on Plastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Materials
(Section D20.15.07).
Current edition approved July 10, 1997. Published April 1998. Originally
published as D 3291 – 74. Last previous edition D 3291 – 92.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vols 08.01 and 08.04.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 3291
A Drill and countersink for 6.35-mm ( ⁄4-in.) flat head machine screw
B Drill and tap to receive 6.35-mm ( ⁄4-in.) machine screw
C May be any convenient length up to 457 mm (18 in.)
Material—Oil-hardening precision ground tool and die steel
FIG. 1 Bending Test Jig
6.2 Cigarette Pa
...