ASTM F778-88(2001)

Standard Methods for Gas Flow Resistance Testing of Filtration Media

SCOPE
1.1 The flow resistance of any fabricated filter device will depend on the flow resistance of the media used.  
1.2 This standard offers procedures sufficient to determine the gas flow characteristics of flat specimens of media used in the filtration process. The methods are extended to include pleated specimens and bulk media as well.  
1.3 In all cases, flow rates through the specimen are determined in accordance with procedures outlined in ASME "Fluid Meters." The test fluid is air.  
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2000
• ICS: 71.040.30 - Chemical reagents
• Technical Committee: D22 - Air Quality
• Drafting Committee: D22.03 - Ambient Atmospheres and Source Emissions

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F778-88(1993) - Standard Methods for Gas Flow Resistance Testing of Filtration Media
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2001
• Replaced By: ASTM F778-88(2007) - Standard Methods for Gas Flow Resistance Testing of Filtration Media
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D737-18(2023) - Standard Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5446-08(2019) - Standard Practice for Determining Physical Properties of Fabrics, Yarns, and Sewing Thread Used in Inflatable Restraints
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F2299/F2299M-03(2017) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Initial Efficiency of Materials Used in Medical Face Masks to Penetration by Particulates Using Latex Spheres
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F 778 – 88 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Methods for
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Gas Flow Resistance Testing of Filtration Media
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 778; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope with a Specified Tolerable Error, the Average for a Char-
acteristic of a Lot or Process
1.1 The flow resistance of any fabricated filter device will
2.2 ASME Document:
depend on the flow resistance of the media used.
3
“Fluid Meters,” Sixth Edition, 1971
1.2 This standard offers procedures sufficient to determine
the gas flow characteristics of flat specimens of media used in
3. Terminology
the filtration process. The methods are extended to include
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
pleated specimens and bulk media as well.
3.1.1 air density, r—mass per unit volume.
1.3 In all cases, flow rates through the specimen are
3.1.2 air flow resistance, DP—pressure drop or pressure
determined in accordance with procedures outlined in ASME
differential across a test specimen of filter medium at a
“Fluid Meters.” The test fluid is air.
specified air face velocity or mass flow rate.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera-
3.1.3 constituted bulk media—those types of filter media
tions, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
formed from bonded aggregates or discrete solid materials.
address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is
3.1.4 edge leakage—air flow that passes into or bypasses
the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
the test specimen in geometric planes other than those intended
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
for resistance measurement.
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.5 face area, A— cross-sectional area perpendicular to
2. Referenced Documents air flow at the specimen test boundary.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
NOTE 1—If specimen inlet and exit face areas are different, “Inlet” or
D 461 Test Methods for Testing Felt “Exit” shall be used to describe the face area in question.
D 585 Practice for Sampling andAccepting a Single Lot of
3.1.6 face velocity, V— volumetric flow rate per unit face
Paper, Paperboard, Fiberboard, and Related Product
area.
D 645 Test for Thickness of Paper and Paperboard
NOTE 2—If specimen inlet and exit face areas are different, “Inlet” or
D 685 Method for Conditioning Paper and Paper Products
“Exit” shall be used to describe the face velocity in question.
for Testing
D 737 Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics 3.1.7 mass rate of flow, m˙—mass transport of air per unit
time through the test specimen.
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles For Testing
D 1777 Method for Measuring Thickness of Textile Mate- 3.1.8 medium area, A —total area of filtration media ex-
m
posed to air flow.
rials
D 2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens
NOTE 3—Medium area may be greater than face area due to pleating,
for Textiles
folding, etc.
D 3574 TestMethodsforFlexibleCellularMaterials—Slab,
3.1.9 medium velocity, V —volumetric flow rate per unit
m
Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams
medium area.
E 105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
3.1.10 normalized resistance, sDP—product of sigma and
E 122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,
measured air flow resistance.
3.1.11 sigma, s—ratio of air density existing at test condi-
tions to standard air density. Density at standard conditions is
1 3 3
These methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air
taken to be 0.075 lb/ft (1.201 kg/m ).
Quality and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient
3.1.12 unconstituted bulk media—those types of filter me-
Atmospheres and Source Emissions.
dia formed from unbonded aggregates or discrete solid mate-
Current edition approved March 10, 1988. Published March 1988. Originally
published as F 788 – 82. Last previous edition F 788 – 82. rials.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 E. 47th St.,
the ASTM website. New York, NY 10017.
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F 778 – 88 (2001)
3.1.13 volumetric rate of flow, Q—air volume transport per multiple samples is adequate. However, for design, develop-
unit time through
...