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ASTM F1552-94(2002)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Training Instructor Qualification and Certification Eligibility of Emergency Medical Dispatchers

Standard Practice for Training Instructor Qualification and Certification Eligibility of Emergency Medical Dispatchers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The emergency medical dispatcher should be a specially trained telecommunicator with specific emergency medical knowledge. These EMS personnel have traditionally performed this role without the benefits of dispatch specific medical training and medically sound protocols. Prompt, correct, and appropriate patient care can be enhanced with the use of a standardized approach to selection, training and performance assessment. This standard guide is intended for use by agencies, organizations and jurisdictions having the responsibility for providing the training, practice, and evaluation of emergency medical dispatchers.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the training structure and primary function of emergency medical dispatchers. The primary function of the emergency medical dispatcher is the management of calls for emergency medical assistance as outlined in Practice F 1258 and NAEMSP Position Paper on emergency medical dispatch. Training as an emergency medical technician, paramedic, nurse, physician, or basic telecommunicator does not prepare a person to function as an EMD. The emergency medical dispatching functions have become so specialized that only an individual with dispatch specific medical training can perform the required tasks. This practice will delineate the training structure for the essential role of emergency medical dispatcher.
1.2 This practice is intended to outline the basic areas of knowledge required for an EMD, and to standardize the expectations and training between the various educational settings that are available to deliver the EMD training. This practice is not intended to serve as a curriculum for a training agency. All curricula developed or selected shall include the key components outlined in this practice.
1.3 It is understood that each agency may possess special and unique needs related to the training of EMDs. However, those specialty training areas that lie outside the scope of this standard shall not be included in selected 24 h minimum curriculum delineated by this practice. Additional training as desired may be annexed but may not supplant the learning goals required by this practice.
1.4 The scope of this standard includes:
1.4.1 EMD instructor qualifications,
1.4.2 Student selection criteria for emergency medical dispatcher candidates,
1.4.3 Emergency medical dispatcher training curriculum guideline,
1.4.4 Guidelines for EMD course goals and minimum time allocations,
1.4.5 Testing and evaluation of the student utilizing the stated course goals as basis for certification or certification eligibility as an emergency medical dispatcher,
1.4.6 Recommended equipment, materials, and facilities for training,
1.4.7 Guidelines for training course administration and record maintenance, and
1.4.8 Guidelines for an optional EMD preceptorship.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Aug-1994
ICS
11.160 - First aid
Technical Committee
F30 - Emergency Medical Services
Drafting Committee
F30.02 - Personnel, Training and Education
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F1552-94 - Standard Practice for Training Instructor Qualification and Certification Eligibility of Emergency Medical Dispatchers
Effective Date
15-Aug-1994
Replaced By
ASTM F1552-94(2009) - Standard Practice for Training Instructor Qualification and Certification Eligibility of Emergency Medical Dispatchers
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Referred By
ASTM F1258-95(2022) - Standard Practice for Emergency Medical Dispatch
Effective Date
15-Aug-1994
Referred By
ASTM F1220-95(2022) - Standard Guide for Emergency Medical Services System (EMSS) Telecommunications
Effective Date
15-Aug-1994
Referred By
ASTM F1229-01(2016) - Standard Guide for Qualification and Training of EMS Air Medical Patient Care Providers
Effective Date
15-Aug-1994
Referred By
ASTM F1560-00(2022) - Standard Practice for Emergency Medical Dispatch Management
Effective Date
15-Aug-1994

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ASTM F1552-94(2002) - Standard Practice for Training Instructor Qualification and Certification Eligibility of Emergency Medical DispatchersASTM F1552-94(2002) - Standard Practice for Training Instructor Qualification and Certification Eligibility of Emergency Medical Dispatchers
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ASTM F1552-94(2002) - Standard Practice for Training Instructor Qualification and Certification Eligibility of Emergency Medical Dispatchers
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F 1552 – 94 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Practice for
Training Instructor Qualification and Certification Eligibility
1
of Emergency Medical Dispatchers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1552; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The emergency medical dispatcher (EMD) is the principal link between the public requesting
emergency medical assistance and the emergency medical services (EMS) system. The EMD plays a
key role in the ability of the EMS system to respond to a perceived medical emergency. The benefits
of specifically trained emergency medical dispatchers are far reaching. Through medical dispatch,
specific education, and compliance to medically sound policies and procedures, the EMD is able to
accurately interrogate the caller, dispatch the appropriate responders, provide pertinent information to
responders, and give instructions to aid patients via the caller.
This practice provides direction for the training and certification of emergency medical dispatchers
to assist them in making appropriate decisions about EMS responses in a safe, consistent and
non-arbitrary manner. EMS systems with emergency medical dispatchers trained to this practice
provide pre-arrival instructions to the caller to assist the patient until pre-hospital care arrives. The
EMD concept provides for safer vehicle response configurations and modes. It may reduce operating
costs by preserving specialized EMS resources for those emergencies requiring them.
The EMD training curriculum is not intended to furnish all inclusive telecommunications education
required for the emergency medical dispatcher or public safety telecommunicator. EMD training
provides only the additional education affecting the practice of dispatching emergency medical
resources such as ambulances, rescue units, first responder units and other types of responding units
of an emergency medical nature; coordinating these response units with those of other public safety
agencies; and providing instructions to the calling party to assist in preserving life prior to the arrival
of responding units. The curriculum is intended to provide specific knowledge and medical
information above that required of a previously trained and educated basic public safety telecommu-
nicator. EMD training is only one module of education required of emergency medical services
telecommunicators. It is a subspecialty of both public safety communications and emergency medical
services systems that is required within a comprehensive public safety communications center where
other disciplines of communications are practiced and should be present in all EMS systems.
Additional disciplines include law enforcement, fire, and aeromedical telecommunications.
This practice is one of a set of applicable standards relating to the emergency medical dispatch
function. The reader is directed to obtain relatedASTM documents that encompass the administration
of EMD programs and Practice F 1258.
1. Scope F 1258 and NAEMSP Position Paper on emergency medical
dispatch. Training as an emergency medical technician, para-
1.1 This practice covers the training structure and primary
medic, nurse, physician, or basic telecommunicator does not
function of emergency medical dispatchers. The primary func-
prepare a person to function as an EMD. The emergency
tionoftheemergencymedicaldispatcheristhemanagementof
medical dispatching functions have become so specialized that
calls for emergency medical assistance as outlined in Practice
only an individual with dispatch specific medical training can
perform the required tasks. This practice will delineate the
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F30 on Emergency
training structure for the essential role of emergency medical
Medical Services and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F30.02 on
dispatcher.
Personnel, Training and Education.
Current edition approved August 15, 1994. Published October 1994.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F 1552 – 94 (2002)
1.2 This practice is intended to outline the basic areas of the dispatcher’s evaluation of injury or illness severity with
knowledge required for an EMD, and to standardize the vehicle response mode and configuration.
expectations and training between the various educational
3.1.3.1 Discussion—An EMDPRS is not any particular
settings that are available to deliver the EMD training. This
proprietary set
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is intended to promote the use of trained telecommunicators in the role of emergency medical dispatcher. It defines the basic skills and medical knowledge to permit understanding and resolution of the problems that constitute their daily routine. To use trained telecommunicators fully as functioning members of the emergency medical team, it is deemed necessary to upgrade the telecommunicators' training by the addition of the concept of emergency medical dispatch priorities.  
5.2 All agencies or individuals who routinely accept calls for emergency medical assistance from the public and dispatch emergency medical personnel shall have in effect an emergency medical dispatcher program in accordance with this practice. The program shall include medical direction and oversight and an emergency medical dispatch priority reference system.  
5.3 The successful use of the EMD concept depends on the medical community's awareness of the “prearrival” state of EMS affairs and their willingness to provide medical direction in dispatch.  
5.4 This practice may assist in overcoming some of the misconceptions regarding emergency medical dispatching. These include the uncontrollable nature of the caller's hysteria, lack of time of the dispatcher, potential danger and liability to the EMD, lack of recognition of the benefits of dispatch prearrival instructions, and misconceptions that red lights, siren, and maximal response are always necessary.  
5.5 The EMD is the member of the EMS response team with the broadest view of the entire emergency system's current status and capabilities. The EMD has immediate lifesaving capability in converting the caller into an effective first responder. This practice recognizes the EMD's role as including:  
5.5.1 Interrogation techniques,  
5.5.2 Triage decisions,  
5.5.3 Information transmission,  
5.5.4 Telephone medical intervention, and  
5.5.5 Logistics and resource coordination during the event.  
5.6 For the EMD, th...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the definition of responsibilities, knowledge, practices, and organizational support required to implement, perform, and effectively manage the emergency medical dispatch function.  
1.2 This practice is useful for planning and evaluating the training, implementation, and organizational support to satisfy the functional needs of emergency medical dispatching.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F1560-00(2022)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Emergency Medical Dispatch Management

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The emergency medical dispatcher should be a specially trained telecommunicator with specific emergency medical knowledge. Many of these personnel still perform in this role without the benefits of dispatch specific medical training and medically sound protocols. The majority perform their duties without appropriate medical management provided through a structured quality assurance/improvement environment. Training only prepares a new EMD for correct use of the EMDPRS. It cannot ensure that the EMDPRS is used as intended. Since the EMD is clearly defined as a prehospital medical professional, it is necessary to establish sound medical management processes through a multi-component QA/QI program administered by the EMD's agency in conjunction with the physician medical director. Prompt, correct, and appropriate patient care can be enhanced through the use of a standardized approach to quality assurance, especially the component of EMD performance assessment. This practice is intended for use by agencies, organizations, and jurisdictions having the responsibility for providing such services and assurances to the public through the correct management of the nation's emergency medical dispatchers.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the function of the emergency medical dispatcher (EMD). This function is the prompt and accurate processing of calls for emergency medical assistance. The training and practice through the use of a written or automated medical dispatch protocol is not sufficient in itself to ensure continued medically correct functioning of the EMD. Their dispatch-specific medical training and focal role in EMS has developed to such a complexity that only through a correctly structured and appropriately managed quality assurance environment can the benefits of their practice be fully realized. The philosophies of emergency medical dispatch have established new duties to which the emergency medical dispatch agency must respond. It is important that their quality assurance/quality improvement (QA/QI) activities, including initial hiring, orientation, training and certification, continuing dispatch education, recertification, and performance evaluation be given appropriate managerial attention to help ensure the ongoing safety in the performance of the EMD. This practice establishes functional guidelines for these managerial, administrative, and supervisory functions.  
1.2 The scope of this practice includes:  
1.2.1 The entry level selection criteria for hiring emergency medical dispatchers;  
1.2.2 The orientation of new emergency medical dispatchers;  
1.2.3 Development of QA/QI mechanisms, management strategies, and organizational structures for use within a comprehensive emergency medical dispatch system;  
1.2.4 Performance evaluation as a component of a comprehensive and ongoing quality assurance and risk management program for an emergency medical dispatch system;  
1.2.5 Development and provision of continuing dispatch education activities for the emergency medical dispatcher;  
1.2.6 Requirements for initial certification and recertification of the emergency medical dispatcher;  
1.2.7 Provision for comparative analysis between different EMD program approaches available to the EMS community that conform to established EMD practice standards prior to implementation of an emergency medical dispatch program; and  
1.2.8 Guidelines for implementation of an emergency medical dispatch program.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Developme...

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ASTM F1031-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Training the Emergency Medical Technician (Basic)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this practice is to provide standardized means of providing Emergency Medical Technician training. The practice should be used by all individuals and agencies that train such persons.  
4.2 Successful completion of this course of training neither constitutes nor implies certification or licensure.  
4.3 This practice adopts the knowledge and skill objectives contained in the NHSTA curriculum (latest version) as the standard practice for training those persons who provide emergency medical care at the basic life support level and are known as Emergency Medical Technicians. The actual lesson plans contained in the referenced document are recommended for use; however, each instructor may modify the order of presentation according to local needs.  
4.4 This practice outlines a comprehensive course that covers most common emergencies encountered by the Emergency Medical Technician. Emergency Medicine Technician courses that do not include all of the knowledge and skill objectives of this practice may not be referred to as meeting this standard.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a standard course for the training of the Emergency Medical Technician which will prepare a person to perform those skills commonly required to render lifesaving aid at the scene of an emergency and during transportation to a definitive care facility.  
1.2 It is not the intent of this practice to require that the curriculum be used exactly as presented, but only that the knowledge and skill objectives that are part of the curriculum be included in any course purporting to train an Emergency Medical Technician. It is not the intent of this practice to limit the addition of knowledge and skill objectives as required by local conditions.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F1256-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Selection and Practice of Emergency Medical Services Instructor for Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Training Programs

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Since the quality of EMT training depends, in large measure, on the instructional abilities and competencies of the EMT instructor, it is imperative that the individual selected and used in this capacity possess the qualifications and capabilities necessary to provide effective instruction.  
4.2 An EMT instructor must possess clearly defined knowledge and skills competencies, have clearly defined responsibilities and scope of authority related to instructional programs, and meet other specific requirements pertinent to the level of instruction.  
4.3 Using this guide, EMS institutions and organizations should be able to develop requirements for selection and utilization of EMT instructors for EMT training and education programs.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to assist emergency medical services (EMS) agencies and institutions in selecting and utilizing individuals who teach in EMT (emergency medical technician) training programs which include instruction in basic life support knowledge and skills.  
1.2 This guide identifies six categories of instructor in an EMT (emergency medical technician) training program: adjunct instructor, clinical/field preceptor, practical skills instructor, associate instructor, course instructor/coordinator (I/C), and course administrator. The guide recognizes that an individual may, depending on his/her level of practice and the training program involved, function in any or all of these categories.  
1.3 This guide includes specific guidelines for qualifications, training, education, experience, scope of authority, responsibilities, continuing education, evaluation, and maintenance of competency when applicable.  
1.4 This guide does not include specific guidelines for the course administrator or the adjunct instructor. While the guide recognizes, by offering a definition of each category, that these types of individuals function in many EMT training programs, the limited instructional roles played by these individuals preclude the need for specific selection and utilization guidelines.  
1.5 This guide is intended to apply to any individual who teaches in EMT training programs regardless of the individual's present level of clinical practice.  
1.6 This guide intentionally omits references to length of pre-hospital care experience, teaching experience, and continuing education requirements. This guide also omits reference to waiver or equivalency. These issues should be addressed by the appropriate agency.  
1.7 This guide applies only to instructors who teach in basic life support training courses designed to prepare an individual for certification to practice above the level EMT. It does not apply to instructors who teach in specialized courses that do not in themselves qualify the individual for a level of EMT certification.  
1.8 This guide does not establish certification requirements. Such requirements should be established by the certifying agency in the jurisdiction in which the EMT instructor will function. This guide may be used to provide considerable guidance to the jurisdiction responsible for establishing certification standards.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Also see Practice F1031.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Practice for Qualifications, Responsibilities, and Authority of Individuals and Institutions Providing Medical Direction of Emergency Medical Services

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Implementation of this practice will ensure that the EMS system has the authority commensurate with the responsibility to ensure adequate medical direction of all pre-hospital providers, as well as personnel and facilities that meet minimum criteria to implement medical direction of pre-hospital services.  
4.1.1 The state will develop, recommend, and encourage use of a plan that would ensure the standards outlined in this document can be implemented as appropriate at the local, regional, or state level (see Guide F1086).  
4.1.2 This practice is intended to describe and define responsibility for medical directions during transfers. It is not intended to determine the medical or legal, or both, appropriateness of transfers under the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act and other similar federal or state laws, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the qualifications, responsibilities, and authority of individuals and institutions providing medical direction of emergency medical services.  
1.2 This practice addresses the qualifications, authority, and responsibility of a Medical Director (off-line) and the relationship of the EMS (Emergency Medical Services) provider to this individual.  
1.3 This practice also addresses components of on-line medical direction (direct medical control) including the qualifications and responsibilities of on-line medical physicians and the relationship of the pre-hospital provider to on-line medical direction.  
1.4 This practice addresses the relationship of the on-line medical physician to the off-line Medical Director.  
1.5 The authority for control of medical services at the scene of a medical emergency is addressed in this practice.  
1.6 The requirements for a Communication Resource are also addressed within this practice.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F1257-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Selection and Practice of Emergency Medical Services Instructor for Advanced Emergency Medical Technician

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Since the quality of pre-hospital AEMT training depends, in large measure, on the instructional abilities and competencies of the AEMT instructor, it is imperative that the individual selected and used in this capacity possess the qualifications and capabilities necessary to provide effective instruction.  
4.2 An AEMT instructor must possess clearly defined knowledge and skills competencies, have clearly defined responsibilities and scope of authority related to instructional programs, and meet other specific requirements pertinent to the level of instruction.  
4.3 Using this guide, EMS institutions and organizations should be able to develop requirements for selection and utilization of ALS/EMT instructors for ALS/EMT training and education programs.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to assist emergency medical services (EMS) agencies and institutions in selecting and utilizing individuals who teach in EMT (emergency medical technician) training programs that include instruction in advanced life support knowledge and skills.  
1.2 This guide identifies six categories of instructor in an AEMT (advanced emergency medical technician) training program: adjunct instructor, clinical/field preceptor, practical skills instructor, associate instructor, course instructor/coordinator (I/C), and course administrator. The guide recognizes that an individual may, depending on his/her level of practice and the training program involved, function in any or all of these categories.  
1.3 This guide includes specific guidelines for qualifications, training, education, experience, scope of authority, responsibilities, continuing education, evaluation, and maintenance of competency when applicable.  
1.4 This guide does not include specific guidelines for the course administrator or the adjunct instructor. While the guide recognizes, by offering a definition of each category, that these types of individuals function in many AEMT training programs, the limited instructional roles played by these individuals preclude the need for specific selection and utilization guidelines.  
1.5 This guide is intended to apply to any individual who teaches in an AEMT training program regardless of the individual's present level of clinical practice.  
1.6 This guide intentionally omits references to length of pre-hospital care experience, teaching experience, and continuing education requirements. This guide also omits reference to waiver or equivalency. These issues should be addressed by the appropriate agency.  
1.7 This guide applies only to instructors who teach in AEMT training courses designed to prepare an individual for certification to practice above the level of the EMT. It does not apply to instructors who teach in specialized courses that do not in themselves qualify the individual for a level of EMT certification.  
1.8 This guide does not establish certification requirements. Such requirements should be established by the certifying agency in the jurisdiction in which the AEMT instructor will function. This guide may be used to provide considerable guidance to the jurisdiction responsible for establishing certification standards.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Also see Practice F1031.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F1285-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Training the Emergency Medical Technician to Perform Patient Examination Techniques

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide establishes the minimum national standard for training the Emergency Medical Technician to perform patient examination techniques on patients of all ages.  
4.2 This guide shall be used by those who wish to identify the minimum training standard for the Emergency Medical Technician as it relates to the performance of patient examination techniques.  
4.3 This guide shall be used as the basis to revise Practice F1031.  
4.4 Every person who is identified as an Emergency Medical Technician shall have been trained in accordance with this guide.  
4.5 This guide does not stand alone and must be used in conjunction with the applicable documents cited in Section 2.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the minimum patient examination techniques that the Emergency Medical Technician shall be trained to use when assessing ill or injured patients of all ages.  
1.2 This guide is one of a series which together describe the minimum training standard for the Emergency Medical Technician.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F1654-95(2020)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Training and Evaluation of Individuals Who Are Responsible for or Perform Triage in a Prehospital Environment

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended for use by those responsible for the development and implementation of training programs, that include competency evaluation, for triage in the prehospital environment.  
4.2 This guide is not intended to be used by itself, but as a component of Guide F1288.  
4.3 This guide acknowledges many types of individuals with varying levels of emergency medical training. It also establishes a minimum training standard and encourages the addition of optional knowledge, skill, and attitudinal objectives.  
4.4 A vital role in the development and operational application of triage is that of medical control. This guide should be used by medical directors in the determination of operational and medical protocols for use during MCIs and coordinated with those who are responsible for training.  
4.5 At the beginning of the program, students shall be informed of the course objectives and requirements for successful completion.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers minimum requirements for the training and evaluation of individuals who perform triage at an emergency medical incident involving multiple casualties in a prehospital environment.  
1.2 All training will be in accordance with Guide F1653.  
1.3 Included in this guide is a standard for knowledge and skill evaluation.  
1.4 Operating within the framework of this guide may expose personnel to hazardous materials, procedures, and equipment. For additional information see Practice F1031 and Guides F1219, F1253, F1285, F1288, F1453, and F1489.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see the document cited in Footnote 3.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F1653-95(2020)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Scope of Performance of Triage in a Prehospital Environment

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is not intended to be used by itself, but as a component of Guide F1288. Merely conforming to the guidelines described herein will not ensure that adequate triage is carried out in a multiple casualty incident.  
4.2 The purpose of this guide is to establish a methodology for performing triage.  
4.3 Individuals responsible for performing triage must be proficient in triage methods and related life-saving techniques.  
4.4 A basic concept of triage is to do the greatest good for the greatest number of casualties.  
4.5 The assessment process must be focused so as to identify those most at risk of early death who are likely to be salvaged by rapid medical intervention.  
4.6 Triage allows the most efficient use of available resources.  
4.7 This guide acknowledges many types of individuals with varying levels of emergency medical training. It also establishes a minimum scope of performance and encourages the addition of optional knowledge, skills, and attitudinal objectives.  
4.8 A vital role in the development of and operational application of triage is that of medical control. This guide should be used by medical directors in the determination of operational and medical protocols for use during MCIs.  
4.9 This guide is intended to assist those who are responsible for defining the scope of performance of individuals who perform triage.  
4.10 For the purpose of this guide the word “injured” includes both sick or injured patients, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers minimum requirements for the scope of performance for individuals who perform triage at an emergency medical incident involving multiple casualties in a pre-hospital environment.  
1.2 This guide acknowledges objectives based on an individual's required knowledge of signs and symptoms, patient assessment, and basic life support.  
1.3 Operating within the framework of this guide may expose personnel to hazardous materials, procedures, and equipment. For additional information see Practice F1031 and Guides F1219, F1253, F1285, F1287, F1288, F1489 and F1651.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Footnote 2.2  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F1287-90(2020)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Scope of Performance of First Responders Who Provide Emergency Medical Care

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this guide is to improve the quality of initial emergency medical care provided to the sick and injured. As the first trained person at an emergency medical scene, it is critical that the first responder be proficient in providing patient care and minimizing further complications until more highly trained emergency medical service personnel intervene.  
4.2 In identifying these minima, the guide acknowledges many types of first responder emergency medical care courses of study. This guide allows and encourages the addition of optional knowledge, skill, and attitudinal objectives. Programs such as those for law enforcement, firefighters, and ski patrol are examples of this diversity meeting specific local community needs.  
4.3 This guide is intended to assist those who are responsible for defining the scope of performance for first responders.  
4.4 This guide is not  intended to be used as a scope of performance for emergency ambulance personnel (see Practice F1031).
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers minimum requirements for the scope of performance of first responders who may be responsible for the initial care of sick and injured persons of all ages in the prehospital environment.  
1.2 This guide includes objectives based on an individual's acquired knowledge, including signs and symptoms; patient assessment; basic life support/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (BLS/CPR); bleeding and shock; injuries to the skull, spine, chest, abdomen, and extremities; moving patients; medical and environmental emergencies; triage; gaining access; and hazardous situations that the first responder may encounter.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    2 pages
    English language
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