iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM E1704-95(2010)

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Specifying Acoustical Performance of Sound-Isolating Enclosures

Standard Guide for Specifying Acoustical Performance of Sound-Isolating Enclosures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide can be used to produce a specification for the acoustical performance of an enclosure.
This guide is intended for those familiar with basic concepts of acoustics.
Although this guide provides detailed guidance in matters relating to specification of acoustical enclosures, it is not a substitute for the experience and judgment of an acoustical or noise control professional.
This guide calls for measurements common within acoustical practice.
The more critical the performance requirements of the enclosure, the more the user should consider seeking the services of an acoustics or noise control professional.
The specifying of a sound-isolating enclosure has three sequential steps:
Determine the sound pressure levels that exist at specific locations prior to the introduction of the enclosure,
Note 1—In the case of new construction, the sound pressure level is often estimated from the sound power levels of noise-emitting equipment and a general description of the acoustical properties of the environment.
Determine the maximum permissible sound pressure levels that must exist at the same locations after the introduction of the enclosure, and
Determine the required enclosure level reduction. The required isolation is related to the difference between the sound pressure levels before and after the introduction of the enclosure.
Many specifications are for multiple enclosures or enclosures with multiple functions, or both. It is beyond the scope of this guide to provide detailed guidance for every possible combination. Separate specifications for each source-enclosure-receiver combination should be used in such a case.
The type of specification that should be selected depends both on the purpose of the enclosure and how crucial its performance is. In general:
If exceeding a particular maximum permissible sound pressure level spectrum would render the enclosure unsuccessful, a sound pressure level specification should be used.
This guide a...
SCOPE
1.1 The guide covers the development of criteria for the acoustical performance of a broad variety of acoustical enclosures by identifying information necessary to unambiguously describe acoustical performance. This guide is not a standard ASTM specification for a sound-isolating enclosure.
1.2 Excluded from the scope of this guide are technical considerations for enclosure design that do not pertain directly to acoustical performance.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2010
ICS
17.140.01 - Acoustic measurements and noise abatement in general
Technical Committee
E33 - Building and Environmental Acoustics
Drafting Committee
E33.03 - Sound Transmission
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E1704-95(2002) - Standard Guide for Specifying Acoustical Performance of Sound-Isolating Enclosures
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Replaced By
ASTM E1704-95(2018) - Standard Guide for Specifying Acoustical Performance of Sound-Isolating Enclosures
Effective Date
01-Oct-2018
Referred By
ASTM C634-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental Acoustics
Effective Date
01-May-2010

Buy Standard

ASTM E1704-95(2010) - Standard Guide for Specifying Acoustical Performance of Sound-Isolating EnclosuresASTM E1704-95(2010) - Standard Guide for Specifying Acoustical Performance of Sound-Isolating Enclosures
PreviousNext
Guide
ASTM E1704-95(2010) - Standard Guide for Specifying Acoustical Performance of Sound-Isolating Enclosures
English language
7 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1704 − 95 (Reapproved 2010)
Standard Guide for
Specifying Acoustical Performance of Sound-Isolating
Enclosures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ANSI S12.31–S12.35 Methods for Determining the Sound
Power Levels of Machines and Equipment
1.1 The guide covers the development of criteria for the
2.3 ISO Standard:
acoustical performance of a broad variety of acoustical enclo-
ISO 3741–3745 Acoustics—Methods for Determining the
sures by identifying information necessary to unambiguously
Sound Power Levels of Machines and Equipment
describe acoustical performance. This guide is not a standard
2.4 Government Standard:
ASTM specification for a sound-isolating enclosure.
29 CFR 1910.95 Occupational Noise Exposure [Occupa-
1.2 Excluded from the scope of this guide are technical
tional Safety and Health Administration]
considerations for enclosure design that do not pertain directly
2.5 Other Standard:
to acoustical performance.
VDI 2711 Schallschutz durch Kapeslung [Verein Deutscher
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Ingeireure, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin] [German] [Noise
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Control by the Use of Enclosures]
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 3. Terminology
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 Standard definitions of acoustical terms may be found
2. Referenced Documents
in Terminology C634.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
C423 Test Method for SoundAbsorption and SoundAbsorp-
3.2.1 A-weighted sound pressure level—sound pressure
tion Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method
level measurements made with the A-weighting filter applied
C634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental
as defined in ANSI S1.4, denoted L in this guide.
PA
Acoustics
3.2.2 C-weighted sound pressure level—sound pressure
E336 Test Method for Measurement of Airborne Sound
level measurements made with the C-weighting filter applied
Attenuation between Rooms in Buildings
as defined in ANSI S1.4, denoted L in this guide.
PC
E413 Classification for Rating Sound Insulation
3.2.3 enclosure—a structure, usually free-standing, which
E596 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Noise
substantially or completely encloses a given space or object.
Reduction of Sound-Isolating Enclosures
Thisdoesnotincludebarrierwalls,partitionswithinabuilding,
2.2 ANSI Standards:
3 or other partial structures.
ANSI S1.4 Specification for Sound Level Meters
3.2.4 enclosure-generated noise—sound created by the op-
ANSIS3.1 MaximumPermissibleAmbientNoiseLevelsfor
eration of the enclosure systems, such as lighting and ventila-
Audiometric Test Rooms
tion.
ANSI S3.6 Specification for Audiometers
3.2.5 level reduction—for the purposes of this guide, the
arithmetic difference between sound pressure levels at a
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E33 on Building and
specific location before and after the installation of the
EnvironmentalAcousticsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE33.03on
enclosure, expressed in decibels.
Sound Transmission.
Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published August 2010. DOI: 10.1520/
E1704-95R10.
2 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on www.iso.ch.
the ASTM website. Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., Office, Washington, DC 20402.
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. Available from Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burggrafenstrasse 4-7, 1000 Berlin 30.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1704 − 95 (2010)
3.2.6 level reduction specification—specification of the 5.2 This guide is intended for those familiar with basic
acousticalperformanceofanenclosurebystatingthereduction concepts of acoustics.
in sound pressure level caused by the enclosure.
5.3 Although this guide provides detailed guidance in mat-
3.2.7 personnel enclosure—an enclosure designed to keep
ters relating to specification of acoustical enclosures, it is not a
sound energy from personnel or equipment therein. Examples
substitute for the experience and judgment of an acoustical or
of personnel enclosures include but are not limited to audio-
noise control professional.
metricbooths,in-plantoffices,broadcastbooths,andacoustical
5.3.1 This guide calls for measurements common within
test chambers.
acoustical practice.
5.3.2 The more critical the performance requirements of the
3.2.8 pre-installation sound pressure levels—the sound
enclosure, the more the user should consider seeking the
pressure levels, as a function of frequency, that are present
services of an acoustics or noise control professional.
prior to the installation of the enclosure. In most cases this is
determined by measuring the ambient sound pressure levels in
5.4 The specifying of a sound-isolating enclosure has three
the host area but in some cases, such as new construction, the
sequential steps:
sound pressure levels must be predicted.
5.4.1 Determine the sound pressure levels that exist at
3.2.9 sound pressure level specification—specification of specific locations prior to the introduction of the enclosure,
the acoustical performance of an enclosure by stating the
NOTE 1—In the case of new construction, the sound pressure level is
maximum sound pressure levels that shall exist after installa-
often estimated from the sound power levels of noise-emitting equipment
tion.
and a general description of the acoustical properties of the environment.
3.2.10 source enclosure—an enclosure designed to keep
5.4.2 Determine the maximum permissible sound pressure
sound energy from personnel or equipment on the outside.
levels that must exist at the same locations after the introduc-
Such applications include, but are not limited to, equipment
tion of the enclosure, and
silencing, secure communications, music practice, and acous-
5.4.3 Determine the required enclosure level reduction. The
tical testing.
requiredisolationisrelatedtothedifferencebetweenthesound
pressure levels before and after the introduction of the enclo-
4. Summary of Guide
sure.
4.1 An explanation of the determination and subsequent
5.5 Many specifications are for multiple enclosures or
specification of acoustical performance of sound-isolating
enclosures with multiple functions, or both. It is beyond the
enclosures is presented.
scope of this guide to provide detailed guidance for every
possible combination. Separate specifications for each source-
4.2 Two types of specifications are described in this guide.
enclosure-receiver combination should be used in such a case.
The recommended method (sound pressure level specification)
is to specify the maximum permissible sound pressure levels
5.6 The type of specification that should be selected de-
that may be present after installation of the enclosure. The
pends both on the purpose of the enclosure and how crucial its
alternatemethod(levelreductionspecification)istospecifythe
performance is. In general:
enclosure’s level reduction.
5.6.1 If exceeding a particular maximum permissible sound
pressure level spectrum would render the enclosure
4.3 Thetypeofspecificationselecteddependslargelyonthe
unsuccessful, a sound pressure level specification should be
enclosure application and the data available. A sound pressure
used.
level specification usually applies to a specific site, while the
level reduction specification may have broader application. 5.6.1.1 Thisguideassignsallphasesofacousticaldesignare
delegated to the supplier. Compliance is usually more easily
Also,thesoundpressurelevelspecificationismoreappropriate
where specific sound pressure levels are required, while the verified than with the level reduction method.
level reduction specification reflects a more general interest in 5.6.2 If the criteria for the success of the enclosure are less
amounts of noise level reduction. stringent or not related to a specific maximum permissible
spectrum, a level reduction specification may be used.
4.4 SomeguidanceisprovidedinAppendixX1onselecting
a specification type based on the enclosure application and the
6. Recommended Specifications
information available.
6.1 The sound pressure level specification specifies the
4.5 Substantial guidance is given on the essential acoustical
maximum permissible sound pressure levels that may exist
data that must be compiled.
either inside or outside the enclosure after installation. Pre-
4.6 A non-mandatory model specification Appendix X2 is
installation sound pressure levels must also be presented.
included that embraces both specification types. It also serves
6.1.1 Maximumsoundpressurelevelsshouldbespecifiedin
as a guide for identifying and gathering information necessary
one-third-octave bands whenever possible to allow a detailed
to the manufacturer for designing the enclosure.
fit to the requirements. Octave band sound pressure levels are
appropriate where the noise spectrum is broad band and free of
5. Significance and Use
prominent tones.
5.1 This guide can be used to produce a specification for the 6.1.2 The desired post-installation sound pressure level may
acoustical performance of an enclosure. also be described by a single number descriptor, such as
E1704 − 95 (2010)
NOTE 3—In practice safety factor size varies with frequency as well as
A-weighted sound pressure level or NC or RC ratings. In this
with importance. The user should consider applying stringent safety
event, the pre-installation one-third-octave band sound pres-
factors only in bands where they are most needed in order to avoid
sure levels at or around the installation site shall also be
over-designing the enclosure.
provided.
6.2.1.2 The introduction of the enclosure may significantly
NOTE 2—Other single number ratings for noise may also be available.
alter the sound field near the noise source, increasing both the
For further information see ASHRAE Handbook.
effective value of L and the required level reduction. This
6.1.3 Measured sound pressure levels are preferred. When
effect is important when either the physical volume or the
not available, such as in the case of new construction, the
sound absorption coefficients of the surfaces around the noise
following information is usually considered an acceptable
source are reduced by a factor of two or more. In this case,
substitute to allow estimation of sound pressure levels:
detailed information on noise source and its pre-installation
6.1.3.1 The rated or measured sound power level (here
surroundings should accompany the specification. In addition,
denoted L ) of equipment and,
a larger safety factor should be considered.
W
6.1.3.2 Adescription of the host environment, including the
6.2.2 The level reduction of enclosures is typically quanti-
relative locations of sources of noise, personnel, and the
fied by the manufacturer in laboratory prototype testing. Noise
enclosure. Some loss of accuracy should be expected.
reduction (NR) is measured per Test Method E596, and noise
6.1.4 Inaccurate measurement of sound pressure levels can
isolation class (NIC) is calculated per Classification E413. For
result from unsteady or intermittent sources of noise during
the purposes of this guide, noise reduction data are an
measurement, changes in site conditions after measurement
acceptable equivalent for level reduction.
(for example, significant sources of noise arising between
6.2.2.1 Custom designs are typically not tested, due to cost.
measurement and installation), strong low-frequency content
6.2.2.2 The actual enclosure being specified may differ in
(L −L > 15), and general inexperience with acoustical
certain particulars from prototypes tested.
PC PA
measurements.
6.2.2.3 Because of variations in manufacturing materials
6.1.5 Maximum permissible sound pressure levels are often
and methods and changes in test standards, test results should
prescribed for particular applications by standards or regula-
be no older than five years.
tory documents. A short list includes, but is not limited to,
6.2.2.4 Laboratory noise reduction data obtained in accor-
hearing conservation regulations, architectural specifications,
dance with Test Method E596 in prototype testing are often
human comfort, speech intelligibility, speech privacy, and
accepted as performance verification.
acoustical test standards. Common specific cases are cited in
6.2.3 Anenclosuremayprovidetherequiredlevelreduction
Appendix X1.
withoutachievingaparticularsoundpressurelevelspectrumin
6.1.6 The maximum permissible interior or exterior sound
the protected space. As an example, sound pressure levels
pressure levels should not be exceeded with all sources of
inside an enclosure will be considerably higher when the
enclosure-generated noise in normal operation.
enclosure is located in a high ambient noise area.
6.2 Thelevelreductionspecificationidentifiestheminimum
7. Other Noise Control Properties of Enclosures
permissible level reduction to be provided by the enclosure.
7.1 Vibration Isolation—The effectiveness of an enclosure
This type specification is often used by a buyer who has
can be compromised by structure-borne noise bypassing the
already determined the isolation needed to meet his sound
acoustical barrier through adjacent building structures. Enclo-
pressure level requirements. Using this type of specification
sures should be isolated from adjacent structures by means of
without such analysis could result in unacceptable results.
flexible connections.
6.2.1 Level reduction I(f) can be approximated as follows:
7.1.1 Vibrations that can be felt by the hand are an indica-
I~f! 5 L 2 L 1SF
1 2
tion that measurements of vibration levels are necessary.
where:
NOTE 4—In typical installations, structure-borne vibration treatments
L = pre-installation sound pressure level in a given band, are part of the enclosure. Special cas
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM E1686-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Applying Environmental Noise Measurement Methods and Criteria

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Evaluation of Environmental Noise—Environmental noise is evaluated by comparing a measurement or prediction of the noise to one or more criteria. There are many different criteria and ways of measuring and specifying noise, depending on the purpose of the evaluation. Some evaluations are limited to determining compliance with existing regulations or ordinances. Others are done in the absence of such requirements or to supplement regulatory evaluations where the regulations do not address fully or at all the issues of concern.  
4.2 Selection of Criteria—This guide provides information useful in selecting the appropriate criteria and measurement method to evaluate noise. In making the selection, the user should consider the following: regulatory or legal requirements for the use of a specific criterion; purpose of the evaluation (regulatory compliance, compatibility, activity interference, aesthetics, comfort, annoyance, health effects, hearing damage, etc.); types of data that are available or could be available (A-weighted, octave band, average level, maximum level, day-night level, calibrated recordings including .wav files from which various measurements could be made, etc.); and available budget for instrumentation and manpower to obtain that data. After selecting a measurement method, the user should consult appropriate references for more detailed guidance (1).7  
4.3 Objective versus Subjective Evaluations—This guide discusses objective sound criteria based on measurements and regulations based on such. Some local noise ordinances are based solely or partially on subjective judgements of noise. Enforcement of these can be easily challenged and, in some jurisdictions, they are not permitted. These are not further considered in this guide. One way to address such situations is to evaluate the sound based on reasonable objective criteria.  
4.4 Soundscape Methodology—The overall sound environment as perceived outdoors is often called a soundscape. Soundsc...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers many measurement methods and criteria for evaluating environmental noise, some of which are required to be used for specific purposes by governmental regulations. It is intended to provide users who may not be familiar with them with an overview of the wide variety of available methods and criteria. It includes the following:  
1.1.1 The use of weightings, penalties, and adjustment or normalization factors;  
1.1.2 Types of noise measurements and criteria, indicating their limitations and best uses;  
1.1.3 Sources of criteria;  
1.1.4 Recommended procedures for criteria selection;  
1.1.5 A catalog of sources of selected available criteria; and  
1.1.6 Suggested applications of sound level measurements and criteria.  
1.2 Criteria Selection—Thorough evaluation of noise issues requires consideration of many characteristics of both the sound and the environment into which it is introduced. This guide will assist users in selecting criteria for the following:  
1.2.1 Evaluating the effect of existing or potential outdoor sounds on a community considering the magnitude and other characteristics of the sound and environment;  
1.2.2 Establishing or revising local noise ordinances, codes, or bylaws, including performance standards in zoning regulations; and  
1.2.3 Identifying and evaluating compliance with regulatory requirements that do not specify an acoustical measurement method or criterion or which are unclear.  
1.3 Reasons for Criteria—This guide discusses the many reasons for noise criteria, ways sound can be measured and specified, and advantages and disadvantages of the most widely used types of criteria. The guide refers the user to appropriate documents for more detailed information and guidance. Users needing further general background on sound and sound measurement are directed to the books listed in the References section.  
1.4 Criteria in Regulations—Certain criteria are spe...

  • Guide
    14 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    14 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E2202-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Measurement of Equipment-Generated Continuous Noise for Assessment of Health Hazards

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This standard defines measurement procedures for estimating the risk of noise-induced hearing loss among users of noise producing equipment. It is applicable to ground vehicles, aircraft, watercraft, and mobile, transportable, and stationary equipment. The primary approach is to separately measure the sound level at operator ear locations for each normal operating condition. These levels can be combined with operational use scenarios and exposure criteria to define noise exposure severity. The data can also be used to define hearing protection requirements or administrative controls to preclude hearing hazards.  
5.2 The practice has the following limitations:  
5.2.1 The practice uses field portable measurement equipment.  
5.2.2 The practice produces data which may be compared with applicable criteria or limits if the limits are in terms of the quantities measured in this standard or which can be calculated from the measured data.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard defines noise measurement procedures for estimating the risk of hearing loss among users of noise producing equipment. It is applicable to ground vehicles, aircraft, watercraft, and other mobile, transportable, or stationary equipment.  
1.2 This standard does not recommend noise exposure limit levels or criteria for any application discussed.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1503-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Conducting Outdoor Sound Measurements Using a Statistical Sound Analysis System

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method deals with methods and techniques which are well defined and which are understood by a trained acoustical professional. This test method has been prepared to provide a standard methodology which, when followed, will produce results which are consistent with requirements of government and industry, and which can be validated using information gathered and documented in the course of the measurement program.  
4.2 There are numerous situations for which outdoor sound level data are required. These include, but are not limited to the following:  
4.2.1 Documentation of sound levels before the introduction of a new sound source as a reference for assessment of the noise impact caused by a proposed facility and associated activities,  
4.2.2 Comparison of sound levels with and without a specific source (for example, assessment of the impact of an existing source), and  
4.2.3 Comparison of sound levels with criteria or regulatory limits (for example, indication of exceedance of criteria or non-compliance with laws).  
4.3 This test method provides a means for operating a sound analysis system which incorporates digital circuits for processing and storing sound level data, documenting conditions under which the measurements were performed, and reporting the results.  
4.4 This test method provides the user with information to (1) perform and document statistical analysis of outdoor sound level over specific time periods at specified places, and (2) make and document the physical observations necessary to qualify the measurements.  
4.5 This test method can be used by individuals, regulatory agencies, or others as a measurement method to collect acoustical data for many common situations. The data are collected in a format determined by the capabilities of the equipment, equipment operational options selected, and by post-processing options available.  
4.6 The user is cautioned that there are many factors that can strongly influence the resul...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of outdoor sound levels at specific locations using a digital statistical sound analysis system and a formal measurement plan.  
1.1.1 This test method provides basic requirements for obtaining either a single set of data or multiple sets of related data. However, because there are numerous circumstances and varied objectives requiring multiple sets of data, the test method does not address planning of the measurement program.  
1.2 The use of results of measurements performed using this test method include, but are not limited to, the following:  
1.2.1 To characterize the acoustical environment of a site,  
1.2.2 To characterize the sound emissions of a specific sound source which exhibits a temporal variation in sound output, and  
1.2.3 To monitor the effectiveness of a noise impact mitigation plan.  
1.3 This test method is intended to be used in conjunction with a measurement plan that references this test method. Changes or additions to the provisions of this test method shall be clearly stated in the plan.  
1.3.1 In the event it is necessary, for example, because of time constraints, to conduct measurements without first formalizing a plan, this test method can be used if an operator/observer whose qualifications are satisfactory to both the performing organization and the client is present at all times during the measurements and who complies, to the extent possible, with all the applicable requirements of this test method, including record keeping.  
1.4 The data obtained using this test method enable comparison of sound level data with appropriate criteria.  
1.4.1 The data obtained with this test method can be used in the derivation of loudness levels provided the necessary requirements regarding sample duration and signal bandwidth are observed in collecting the data. It is recommended that a specialist in the area of loudness evaluation be consulted in p...

  • Standard
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1289-08(2022)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Reference Specimen for Sound Transmission Loss

ABSTRACT
This specification describes the construction and installation of standard reference specimens for quality control of laboratory sound transmission loss measurements. The reference specimen is composed of framed steel panels. The required materials for fabrication and installation are as follows: galvanized sheets, frame, and panels. Four kinds of installation may be done: Installation A using a single layer reference specimen, Installation B using double layer reference specimen with a common plate, Installation C using double layer reference specimen with separate plates-empty cavity, and Installation D using double layer reference specimen with separate plates and added layer of sound-absorbing material in the cavity.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification describes the construction and installation of standard reference specimens for quality control of laboratory sound transmission loss measurements using Test Method E90.  
1.2 Laboratories may choose to construct and test all of the reference specimens described here or only a subset. Specific specimens may be required by a test method or an accrediting agency.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1130-16(2021)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Objective Measurement of Speech Privacy in Open Plan Spaces Using Articulation Index

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The speech privacy between locations in an open plan space is determined by the degree to which intruding speech sounds exceed the ambient sound pressure levels at the listener's ear; a classic signal-to-noise ratio situation.  
5.2 The sound pressure levels at the listener's ear from intruding speech depend upon:  
5.2.1 The individual vocal effort and orientation of the talker,  
5.2.2 The attenuation of speech signals due to distance or intervening barriers, and  
5.2.3 The reinforcement of speech signals due to reflections from surfaces such as the ceiling, furniture panels, light fixtures, walls, or windows.  
5.3 The ambient sound levels within a space often must be increased in order to mask intruding speech using an electronic sound masking system. However, in certain locations and in specific frequency ranges, the building mechanical, electrical and plumbing (MEP) equipment, and the heating, ventilating, or air conditioning equipment (HVAC) may increase ambient sound levels or add tonal noise components that may require mitigation before tuning the masking sound.  
5.4 The primary purpose of this test method is to assess the speech privacy for an average speech spectrum using the standard Articulation Index method. This requires measurement of the relevant acoustical characteristics discussed in 5.2 and 5.3 for a pair of locations and calculation of the Articulation Index using an average speech spectrum. The average speech spectrum is for male talkers speaking with normal voice effort. In specific cases such as designated quiet work zones for ‘focused work’ where administrative measures have been taken to reduce speech levels, a ‘casual’ voice spectrum should be used to calculate speech privacy, whereas in designated group work zones for ‘collaborative work’ where lively discussion is expected, a ‘raised’ voice spectrum should be used to calculate speech privacy.  
5.5 The Articulation Index ranges from a low value of 0.00, where speech is gener...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a means of objectively assessing speech privacy between locations in open plan spaces. This test method relies upon acoustical measurements, published information on speech levels, and standard methods for assessing speech communication. This test method does not measure the performance of individual open plan components which affect speech privacy; but rather, it assesses the privacy which results from a particular configuration of components (1, 2).2  
1.2 This test method is intended to be a field test for the assessment of speech privacy in actual open plan spaces. However, this test method could be used in mock-up spaces and in environments arranged to simulate an open plan space.  
1.3 This test method is suitable for use in many open plan spaces including traditional open offices, focus areas, and collaboration spaces. In addition to office buildings, these types of spaces will also be found in healthcare buildings, institutional spaces, schools, etc. It is not directly applicable for measuring the speech privacy between open plan and enclosed spaces or between fully enclosed spaces.  
1.4 This test method relies upon the Articulation Index, which objectively predicts the intelligibility of speech. While both the Articulation Index and this test method can be expected to reliably predict speech privacy, neither predicts the specific effective speech privacy afforded to particular individual occupants.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed...

  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1780-12(2021)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Measuring Outdoor Sound Received from a Nearby Fixed Source

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Situations for which outdoor sound level data are required include, but are not limited to, comparison of sound levels with criteria or regulatory limits.  
4.2 This guide provides information to (1) measure outdoor sound level in the vicinity of outdoor fixed noise sources, and (2) document other observations necessary for the measurements. This guide provides a standard procedure for a trained acoustical professional that will produce results and documentation which are consistent with the purposes cited in 1.1.1 – 1.1.5.  
4.3 These sound measurements should be performed by or under the direction of a person experienced in the measurement and analysis of outdoor sound, and who is familiar with the use of the required equipment and techniques.  
4.4 This guide can be used by individuals, regulatory agencies, or others as a measurement guide to collect data on the sound level received from a fixed source within the constraints cited in Section 8 and Appendix X1 and Appendix X2.  
4.5 This guide can be used to establish compliance or noncompliance at the time, distance, and conditions during which the data were obtained. However, this guide is only a measurement procedure and does not address the problem of projecting the acquired data outside those conditions, other times of day, other distances, or comparison with specific criteria. In particular, for a given sound source level, distant noise levels will often be found to be greater at night than during the day.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the measurement of outdoor sound due to a fixed sound source such as a siren, stationary pump, power plant, or music amphitheater. Procedures characterize the location, sound level, spectral content, and temporal characteristics of that sound source at the time of measurement. Users should be aware that wind and temperature gradients can cause significant variations in sound levels beyond 300 m. With appropriate caution, the use of measurements resulting from this guide include but are not limited to:  
1.1.1 Assessing compliance with applicable regulations,  
1.1.2 Monitoring the effectiveness of a noise reduction plan,  
1.1.3 Verifying the effectiveness of measures for mitigation of noise impact,  
1.1.4 Validating sound prediction models, and  
1.1.5 Obtaining source data for use in sound prediction models.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1014-12(2021)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Measurement of Outdoor A-Weighted Sound Levels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 There are numerous situations for which outdoor sound level data are required. These include, but are not limited to, the following:  
4.1.1 Documentation of sound levels before the introduction of a new sound source (for example, assessment of the impact due to a proposed use).  
4.1.2 Comparison of sound levels with and without a specific source (for example, assessment of the impact of an existing source).  
4.1.3 Comparison of sound levels with criteria or regulatory limits (for example, indication of exceedence of criteria or non-compliance with laws).  
4.2 This guide provides a means for selecting measurement locations, operating a sound level meter, documenting the conditions under which the measurements were performed, and recording the results.  
4.3 This guide provides the user with information to (1) make and document the sound level measurements necessary to quantify relatively steady or slowly varying outdoor sound levels over a specific time period and at specific places and (2) make and document the physical observations necessary to qualify the measurements.  
4.4 The user is cautioned that there are many nonacoustical factors that can strongly influence the measurement of outdoor sound levels and that this guide is not intended to supplant the experience and judgment of experts in the field of acoustics. The guide is not applicable when more sophisticated measurement methods or equipment are specified. This guide, depending as it does on simplified manual data acquisition, is necessarily more appropriate for the simpler types of environmental noise situations. As the number of sources and the range of sound levels increase, the more likely experienced specialists with sophisticated instruments are needed.  
4.5 This guide can be used by individuals, regulatory agencies, or others as a measurement method to collect acoustical data for many common situations. Criteria for evaluating or analyzing the data obtained are beyond the scope of th...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the measurement of A-weighted sound levels outdoors at specified locations or along particular site boundaries, using a general purpose sound-level meter.  
1.2 Three distinct types of measurement surveys are described:  
1.2.1 Survey around a site boundary,  
1.2.2 Survey at a specified location,  
1.2.3 Survey to find the maximum sound level at a specified distance from a source.  
1.3 The data obtained using this guide are presented in the form of either time-average sound levels (abbreviation TAV and symbol LAT, also known as equivalent sound level or equivalent continuous sound level abbreviated LEQ and with symbol LAeqT ) or A-weighted percentile levels (symbol LX).  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1265-04(2021)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measuring Insertion Loss of Pneumatic Exhaust Silencers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method permits the evaluation of both the acoustical and mechanical performance of pneumatic exhaust silencers designed for quieting compressed gas exhausts (usually air). The data can be used by manufacturers to assess or improve their products, or by users to select or specify a silencer. The data acquired using this measurement method allow for performance comparisons of competitive products and aid in the selection of an appropriate device.  
5.2 Flow rate is an important parameter to consider when the application involves machinery or equipment that requires compressed air or other gases to be exhausted rapidly. For example, in an automatic pneumatic press, compressed air must be exhausted rapidly to avoid a premature second cycle. For this reason, flow ratio is reported in addition to acoustical performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory measurement of both the acoustical and mechanical performance of pneumatic exhaust silencers designed for quieting compressed gas (usually air) exhausts from orifices connected to pipe sizes up to 3/4 in. NPT. This test method is not applicable for exhausts performing useful work, such as part conveying, ejection, or cleaning. This test method evaluates acoustical performance using A-weighted sound level measurements.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E2611-19(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Normal Incidence Determination of Porous Material Acoustical Properties Based on the Transfer Matrix Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There are several purposes of this test:  
5.1.1 For transmission loss: (a) to characterize the sound insulation characteristics of materials in a less expensive and less time consuming approach than Test Method E90 and ISO 140-3 (“reverberant room methods”),  (b) to allow small samples tested when larger samples are impossible to construct or to transport, (c) to allow a rapid technique that does not require an experienced professional to run.  
5.1.2 For transfer matrix: (a) to determine additional acoustic properties of the material; (b) to allow calculation of acoustic properties of built-up or composite materials by the combination of their individual transfer matrices.  
5.2 There are significant differences between this method and that of the more traditional reverberant room method. Specifically, in this approach the sound impinges on the specimen in a perpendicular direction (“normal incidence”) only, compared to the random incidence of traditional methods. Additionally, revereration room methods specify certain minimum sizes for test specimens which may not be practical for all materials. At present the correlation, if any, between the two methods is not known. Even though this method may not replicate the reverberant room methods for measuring the transmission loss of materials, it can provide comparison data for small specimens, something that cannot be done in the reverberant room method. Normal incidence transmission loss may also be useful in certain situations where the material is placed within a small acoustical cavity close to a sound source, for example, a closely-fitted machine enclosure or portable electronic device.  
5.3 Transmission loss is not only a property of a material, but is also strongly dependent on boundary conditions inherent in the method and details of the way the material is mounted. This must be considered in the interpretation of the results obtained by this test method.  
5.4 The quantities are measured as a functio...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the use of a tube, four microphones, and a digital frequency analysis system for the measurement of normal incident transmission loss and other important acoustic properties of materials by determination of the acoustic transfer matrix.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    14 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    14 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1110-06(2019)(Classification)
Standard Classification for Determination of Articulation Class

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Each weighting factor given in Table 1 represents the fraction of overall speech intelligence contained within the associated one-third octave frequency band.  
4.2 The weighting factors in Table 1 are obtained by multiplying each individual one-third octave band weighting factor of ANSI S3.5-1969 by 300. Articulation class (AC) values are thus related to but distinctly different from articulation index (AI) values. In particular, the AC considers only the effect of signal attenuation; while the AI considers such additional factors as speech level and spectrum and background sound level and spectrum.
Note 2: The AC is similar to the DAI rating proposed by Warnock6 and has been shown to correlate with AI values derived from ANSI S3.5, except where the AI approaches 1 or 0 (AI values range between 1 and 0 and approach 0 with increasing privacy and nonintelligibility). Articulation class values give the reverse. They usually exceed 100 and increase with increasing privacy and nonintelligibility. Extensive comparison between AC ratings and subjective judgments of open-plan speech privacy has not yet been accomplished.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification provides a single figure rating that can be used for comparing building systems and subsystems for speech privacy purposes. The rating is designed to correlate with transmitted speech intelligence between office spaces.  
1.2 Excluded from the scope of this classification are applications involving female speakers or children,2 languages other than English, and sound spectra other than speech. Thus excluded, for example, would be comparisons of building systems or subsystems for their effectiveness in reducing transmitted noise from machinery, industrial processes, bowling alleys, music rooms, places of entertainment, and the like.  
Note 1: Published work by Pearsons, et al, may eventually permit the restriction on female speakers to be relaxed.3  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off