ASTM D4451-85(1996)

Standard Test Method for Pigment Content of Paints by Low-Temperature Ashing

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the pigment content of paints and several traffic marking materials (thermoplastic and preformed tape) by low-temperature furnace ashing. Some organic pigments may be lost by this method and some water or moisture contained in pigments will be lost.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jan-2002
• ICS: 87.060.10 - Pigments and extenders
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.21 - Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D4451-02 - Standard Test Method for Pigment Content of Paints by Low-Temperature Ashing
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4451 – 85 (Reapproved 1996)
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Pigment Content of Paints by Low-Temperature Ashing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4451; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope where such specifications are available.
5.2 Toluene.
1.1 This test method covers the pigment content of paints
and several traffic marking materials (thermoplastic and pre-
6. Procedure
formed tape) by low-temperature furnace ashing. Some organic
6.1 Liquid-Paint:
pigments may be lost by this method and some water or
6.1.1 Mix the sample until homogeneous, preferably on a
moisture contained in pigments will be lost.
mechanical shaker. If air bubbles become entrapped in the
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
paint, stir it by hand.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
6.1.2 Draw slightly more than 10 g of the paint under test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
into a 10-mL syringe and weigh to 0.1 mg. Transfer about 5 mL
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
toluene to a porcelain dish tared with a paper clip for use as a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
stirrer. Add 10 g of the material into the toluene. Reweigh the
2. Referenced Documents syringe to 0.1 mg and calculate the specimen weight. Mix well
on a magnetic stirrer. Place the dish in the oven at 105°C for 30
2.1 ASTM Standards:
min.
D 3723 Test Method for Pigment Content of Water-
6.1.3 Remove and heat at the lowest temperature possible
Emulsion Paints by Low-Temperature Ashing
over a meker burner in a fume hood. Do not leave the dish on
E 180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
the burner after the flame has subsided. Transfer to the muffle
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial Chemicals
furnace and proceed as in 6.4.
3. Summary of Test Method
6.2 Preformed Traffıc Marking Tape—Cut about a 10-g
square of the product. Remove the adhesive by pulling it off or
3.1 The specimen is transferred to a tared porcelain dish,
by using an appropriate solvent. Save the beads that are
dried (if necessary) at 105°C, and heated on a burner. The dish
knocked off by this process and weigh with the tape. Dry the
and specimen are transferred to a muffle furnace and heated at
specimen for 30 min at 105°C to remove the solvent. Cool in
450°C. The dish and specimen are reweighed and the pigment
a desiccator. Weigh the specimen along with the loose beads to
(ash) content calculated.
0.1 mg into a tared porcelain dish. Heat in a fume hood at the
4. Apparatus
lowest temperature of a meker burner in a furnace hood until
the material catches fire. Do not leave the dish on the burner
4.1 Muffle Furnace, maintained at 450°C 6 25°C.
after the flame has subsided. Transfer to the muffle furnace and
4.2 Circulating Oven, maintained at 105°C 6 2°C.
proceed as in 6.4.
4.3 Porcelain Dishes, 90-mm diameter.
6.3 Thermoplastic Traffıc Marking Material—This material
4.4 Plastic Disposable Syringe, 10-mL capacity.
may be delivered in block or powdered form. Transfer about
4.5 Burner, meker type.
400 g of the sample to a quart container and heat in a forced
5. Reagents
draft oven at 400°F until completely melted (may take as long
as 4 h). Stir vigorously until well mixed. Pour about 10 g of the
5.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
sample into an aluminum dish and let it cool. Remove the 10
used in all tests. Unless otherwise
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