ASTM D4971-02

Standard Test Method for Determining the In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Using the Diametrically Loaded 76-mm (3-in.) Borehole Jack

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the estimation of in situ modulus of a rock mass at various depths and orientations. Information on time-dependent deformation may also be obtained.
1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D 6026.
1.2.1 The method used to specify how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly related to the accuracy to which the data can be applied in design or other uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard is beyond its scope.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-2002
• ICS: 93.020 - Earthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works
• Technical Committee: D18 - Soil and Rock
• Drafting Committee: D18.12 - Rock Mechanics

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4971-89(1998) - Standard Test Method for Determining the In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Using the Diametrically Loaded 76-mm (3-in.) Borehole Jack
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D4971-02(2006) - Standard Test Method for Determining the In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Using the Diametrically Loaded 76-mm (3-in.) Borehole Jack
• Effective Date: 01-May-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D4623-16 - Standard Test Method for Determination of In Situ Stress in Rock Mass by Overcoring Method—Three Component Borehole Deformation Gauge
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D420-18 - Standard Guide for Site Characterization for Engineering Design and Construction Purposes
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4971–02
Standard Test Method for
Determining the In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock
Using the Diametrically Loaded 76-mm (3-in.) Borehole
1
Jack
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4971; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope * 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the estimation of in situ 3.1 See Terminology D653 for general definitions.
modulus of a rock mass at various depths and orientations. 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Information on time-dependent deformation may also be ob- 3.2.1 deformation—change in shape or size, (see Terminol-
tained. ogy D 653). In this test method deformation is the change in
1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the the diameter of the borehole.
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in 3.2.2 modulus of deformation—ratio of stress to strain for a
Practice D 6026. material under given loading conditions; numerically equal to
1.2.1 The method used to specify how data are collected, the slope of the tangent or the secant of the stress-strain curve.
calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly related to The use of the term modulus of elasticity is recommended for
theaccuracytowhichthedatacanbeappliedindesignorother materials that deform in accordance with Hooke’s law, and the
uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this term modulus of deformation is recommended for materials
standard is beyond its scope. that deform otherwise, (see Terminology D 653). In this test
1.3 The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard. method, the modulus of deformation is calculated from the
The inch-pound units in parentheses are for information only. applied fluid pressure, the relative change in hole diameter, a
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the function of Poisson’s ratio, and a constant.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.2.3 jack effıciency—ratio of the jack plate pressure to the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- applied hydraulic pressure.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Summary of Test Method
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 The76mm(3.0in.)jacks,(seeFig.1andFig.2),induce
2. Referenced Documents
undirectional pressure to the walls of a borehole by means of
2.1 ASTM Standards: two opposed curved steel platens each covering a 90° sector,
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock and Contained over a length of 20.3 cm (8 in.).
2
Fluids 4.2 Raw data from a test consist of hydraulic-line pressure,
D 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Q , versus readout from linear variable differential transform-
h
Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock ers (LVDT’s) measuring platen movement. Knowing the dis-
2
Used in Engineering Design and Construction placement calibration of the LVDT’s, the raw data can be
D 6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechni- transformed to a test record of hydraulic pressure versus hole
3
cal Data diameter, D. For each increment of pressure, DQ , and hole
h
4
D 6032 Test Method for Determining Rock Quality Desig- deformation, DD, theoretical data analysis (1), assuming rigid
3
nation [RQD] of Rock Core jack plates and full 90° contact, give the theoretical rock mass
modulus, E (E ) as a function E=f (D Q ·DD· T*),
theoretical h
where T* is a coefficient dependent upon Poisson’s ratio. If E
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland
is measured on a linear segment of the loading curve, common
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2002. Published January 2003. Originally
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 4971–89(1998).
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08. The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.09. the standard.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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D4971–02
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Results of this test method are used to predict displace-
ments in rock mass caused by loads from a structure or from
underground construction. It is one of several tests that should
be performed.
5.2 Because the jack can apply directed loads, this test
m
...