ASTM E3068-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Contact Measurement of Backface Deformation in Clay Backing During Body Armor Testing
Standard Test Method for Contact Measurement of Backface Deformation in Clay Backing During Body Armor Testing
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 U.S. Department of Defense and U.S. Department of Justice standards for assessing the performance of ballistic-resistant torso body armor require the measurement of BFD on backing assemblies made with ROMA Plastilina No. 1®6.
5.2 This test method may be applicable for certification testing or for research and development testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes test methods for the contact measurement of backface deformation (BFD) in clay backing caused by a test threat that produces a partial penetration in a body armor test item.
1.2 This test method is applicable to testing of planar and nonplanar soft armor and hard armor.
1.3 This test method is not applicable to testing of helmets.
1.4 The purpose of this test method is to achieve consistent measurements between laboratories and reduce differences that could result from using different measurement techniques.
1.5 It is anticipated that this test method will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, and other users in order to meet their specific needs.
1.6 This test method does not specify BFD performance requirements for body armor. The performance requirements are included in other standards or specifications. The decision rules for determining conformance to specifications and the consideration of uncertainty are also included in other standards or specifications.
1.6.1 In this test method, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this test method. Certifiers, purchasers, and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this test method.
1.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Where appropriate, mathematical conversions to non-SI units are provided in parentheses for informational purposes.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3068 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Contact Measurement of Backface Deformation in Clay
1
Backing During Body Armor Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3068; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.1 This test method describes test methods for the contact
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
measurement of backface deformation (BFD) in clay backing
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
caused by a test threat that produces a partial penetration in a
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
body armor test item.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.2 This test method is applicable to testing of planar and
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
nonplanar soft armor and hard armor.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.3 This test method is not applicable to testing of helmets. Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.4 The purpose of this test method is to achieve consistent
2. Referenced Documents
measurements between laboratories and reduce differences that
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
could result from using different measurement techniques.
E3005 Terminology for Body Armor
1.5 It is anticipated that this test method will be referenced
2.2 Other Standards:
by certifiers, purchasers, and other users in order to meet their
MIL-STD-3027 Department of Defense Test Method Stan-
specific needs.
dard for Performance Requirements and Testing of Body
3
1.6 This test method does not specify BFD performance
Armor
4
requirements for body armor. The performance requirements
NIJ Standard 0101.06 Ballistic Resistance of Body Armor
are included in other standards or specifications. The decision
NationalResearchCouncil TestingofBodyArmorMaterials
5
rules for determining conformance to specifications and the
Phase III
consideration of uncertainty are also included in other stan-
3. Terminology
dards or specifications.
1.6.1 In this test method, “other standards and specifica-
3.1 The terms and definitions of Terminology E3005 apply
tions” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for
for the following terms: applique, backface deformation,
example, military standards, purchase specifications) that re-
backing fixture, backing material, body armor, bridge gauge,
quire the use of this test method. Certifiers, purchasers, and
check standard, clay block, complete penetration, depth gauge,
other users are responsible for the “other standards and
floating gauge, hard armor, nonplanar, partial penetration, soft
specifications” and for specifying any requirements that super-
armor, striking device, test item, and test threat.
sede those of this test method.
3.1.1 Examples of backface deformation (BFD) are pro-
vided in Fig. 1.
1.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
3.1.2 See Fig. 2 for a photograph of a bridge gauge.
as standard. Where appropriate, mathematical conversions to
3.1.3 See Fig. 3 for a graphical representation of a clay
non-SI units are provided in parentheses for informational
block.
purposes.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
1 3
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E54 on Available from IHS, 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, CO 80112, http://
Homeland Security Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee www.global.ihs.com.
4
E54.04 on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). AvailablefromNationalInstituteofJustice(NIJ),8107thSt.,NW,Washington,
Current edition approved April 1, 2020. Published April 2020. Originally DC 20531, http://nij.gov.
ɛ1 5
approved in 2017. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as E3068 – 17 . DOI: Available from The NationalAcademies Press, 500 Fifth St., NW, Washington,
10.1520/E3068-20. DC 20001, https://www.nap.edu.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: E3068 − 17 E3068 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Contact Measurement of Backface Deformation in Clay
1
Backing During Body Armor Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3068; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Added research report footnote to Section 12 editorially in April 2017.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes test methods for the contact measurement of backface deformation (BFD) in clay backing caused
by a test threat that produces a partial penetration in a body armor test item.
1.2 This test method is applicable to testing of planar and nonplanar soft armor and hard armor.
1.3 This test method is not applicable to testing of helmets.
1.4 The purpose of this test method is to achieve consistent measurements between laboratories and reduce differences that
could result from using different measurement techniques.
1.5 It is anticipated that this test method will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, and other users in order to meet their
specific needs.
1.6 This test method does not specify BFD performance requirements for body armor. The performance requirements are
included in other standards or specifications. The decision rules for determining conformance to specifications and the
consideration of uncertainty are also included in other standards or specifications.
1.6.1 In this test method, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example,
military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this test method. Certifiers, purchasers, and other users are
responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this test
method.
1.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Where appropriate, mathematical conversions to non-SI
units are provided in parentheses for informational purposes.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E3004 Specification for Preparation and Verification of Clay Blocks Used in Ballistic-Resistance Testing of Torso Body Armor
E3005 Terminology for Body Armor
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E54 on Homeland Security Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E54.04 on
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2017April 1, 2020. Published March 2017April 2020. Originally approved in 2017. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as
ɛ1
E3068 – 17 . DOI: 10.1520/E3068-17E01.10.1520/E3068-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E3068 − 20
2.2 Other Standards:
3
MIL-STD-3027 Department of Defense Test Method Standard for Performance Requirements and Testing of Body Armor
4
NIJ Standard 0101.06 Ballistic Resistance of Body Armor
5
National Research Council Testing of Body Armor Materials Phase III
3. Terminology
3.1 The terms and definitions of Terminology E3005 apply for the following terms: applique, backface deformation, backing
fixture, backing material, body armor, complete penetration, bridge gauge, check standard, clay block, complete penetration, depth
gauge, floating gauge, hard armor, nonplanar, partial penetration, soft armor, striking device, test item, and test threat.
3.1.1 Examples of backface deformati
...
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