E54.04 - Public Safety Equipment

SCOPE
1.1 The scope of this terminology is to provide a standard terminology for body armor providing protection against ballistic threats, stabbing, fragmentation, blunt impact, or a combination of threats.  
1.2 The intent of this terminology is to have terms, abbreviations, and formulas that are applicable across federal agencies, law enforcement and corrections agencies, testing and certification bodies, and manufacturers.  
1.2.1 The terminology is kept general herein and should be defined more specifically as needed within individual test methods or other standards.  
1.3 This terminology is not intended to describe test methods or performance requirements for body armor.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification specifies requirements for ballistic-resistant panels to be mounted in or on public safety vehicle doors to protect against complete penetration of projectiles from small arms.2  
1.2 The purpose of this specification is to define minimum performance for ballistic-resistant vehicle door panels.  
1.2.1 In addition to the required tests, optional tests with specific conditions are provided that allow testing beyond the minimum requirements of this specification. Statements of conformance with this specification do not include any optional test unless the optional test is conducted, and the results are included in the test report.  
1.3 This specification requires ballistic testing of vehicle door panels mounted either in a test fixture or mounted on a vehicle door for which the panel is designed.  
1.3.1 Door panels intended to be mounted inside a vehicle door shall be assessed in a test fixture with air backing.
1.3.1.1 Two optional ballistic tests are provided for vehicle door panels intended to be mounted inside a vehicle door:
(1) The preferred optional ballistic test assesses the panel in a vehicle door for which the panel is designed.
(2) If a vehicle door for which the panel is designed is not available, a second optional ballistic test assesses the panel in a test fixture with air backing and a door skin simulant in front of the strike face of the panel.  
1.3.2 Door panels intended to be mounted on the exterior of a vehicle door shall be assessed on a vehicle door for which the panel is designed.  
1.3.3 An optional extreme temperature ballistic test is provided for purchasers concerned with performance of vehicle door panels in very hot or very cold environments.  
1.3.4 The optional ballistic tests are provided in Appendix X1.  
1.4 Selection and procurement guidance is provided in Appendix X2 to assist purchasers in using this specification to procure vehicles with ballistic-resistant door panels or to retrofit existing vehicles with ballistic-resistant door panels.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to non-SI units that are provided for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum requirements for the design, performance, testing, and certification of air-purifying respiratory protective smoke escape devices for immediate emergency evacuation without entry/re-entry.  
1.2 The purpose of this specification shall be to provide minimum requirements for respiratory protective escape devices that provide limited protection for 15 min for escape from the by-products of fire, including particulate matter, carbon monoxide, other toxic gases, and the effects of radiant heat.  
1.3 The requirements of this specification specify an air-purifying respiratory protective escape device with a laboratory-tested 15-min service life intended to provide head, eye, and respiratory protection from particulate matter, irritants, and toxic gases and vapors commonly produced by fire.  
1.4 Controlled laboratory tests that are used to determine compliance with the performance requirements of this specification shall not be deemed as establishing performance levels for all situations to which individuals can be exposed.  
1.5 This specification shall not apply to the requirements for provision, installation, or use of air-purifying respiratory protective smoke escape devices.  
1.6 This specification shall not apply to respiratory protective escape devices intended for use in circumstances in which an oxygen deficiency (oxygen less than 19.5 % by volume) exists or might exist.  
1.7 This specification is not intended to be used as a detailed manufacturing or purchase specification, but shall be permitted to be referenced as a minimum requirement in purchase specifications.  
1.8 The conformity assessment requirements of Guide F3050, Model C, shall apply to the certification of products in accordance with this specification.  
1.9 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification specifies minimum performance requirements and test methods for the ballistic resistance of helmets used by U.S. public safety officers and intended to protect the head against handgun and rifle ammunition.  
1.1.1 The test methods within this specification were developed and validated for broadly available helmet designs. Some helmet designs may require additional or different testing than that specified in this specification.  
1.2 This specification addresses ballistic performance in terms of:  
1.2.1 Helmet resistance to penetration (RTP) of shell, fasteners, and weak points;  
1.2.2 Helmet shell ballistic limit (V50); and  
1.2.3 Face shield RTP and deformation.  
1.3 Helmets covered by this specification are classified into RTP ballistic protection levels (see Section 8).  
1.4 This specification addresses non-ballistic performance in terms of:  
1.4.1 Helmet impact attenuation;  
1.4.2 Helmet shell compression resistance;  
1.4.3 Face shield resistance to blunt impact, deflection, and projectile impact;  
1.4.4 Face shield optics; and  
1.4.5 Retention system strength.  
1.5 Backface deformation (BFD) measurement is not addressed as a requirement for compliance with this specification. If the user of this specification is interested in BFD measurement, see Appendix X1.  
1.6 Armor appliques are not addressed within this version of the specification.  
1.7 This specification is applicable for compliance testing, verification testing, certification testing, or research and development testing.  
1.8 This specification is divided into the following sections:    
Section  
Title  
1  
Scope  
2  
Referenced Documents  
3  
Terminology  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Test Threats, Equipment, and Materials  
6  
Test Item Requirements  
7  
Procedure for Visual Examination  
8  
Helmet Resistance to Penetration (RTP) Ballistic Protection Levels and Test Threats  
9  
Ballistic Performance Requirements for Helmet Shell RTP and BFD  
10  
Ballistic Performance Requirements for Face Shields  
11  
Ballistic Performance Requirements for Helmet Shell Ballistic Limit (V50)  
12  
Ballistic Performance Requirements for Fasteners  
13  
Ballistic Performance Requirements for Weak Points  
14  
Non-ballistic Performance Requirements for Helmets and Face Shields  
15  
Product Documentation Requirements  
16  
Product Label and Package Label Requirements  
17  
Test Report  
18  
Keywords  
Annex A1  
ASTM Helmet RTP Ballistic Protection Levels and Associated Test Threats  
Annex A2  
Ballistic Testing Summary  
Annex A3  
Non-ballistic Testing Summary  
Appendix X1  
Optional Backface Deformation Measurement Acceptance Criteria and Test Procedure  
1.9 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this specification is to provide performance requirements and test methods for the evaluation of ballistic-resistant shields used by law enforcement officers.  
4.2 This specification may be used by suppliers, certification bodies, verification bodies, testing laboratories, research and development organizations, and others assessing the performance of ballistic-resistant shields.  
4.3 The specification may be used by purchasers in their evaluation of products to meet their needs and requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard specifies minimum performance requirements and test methods for the ballistic resistance of shields used by U.S. law enforcement officers to protect against handgun and rifle ammunition.  
1.1.1 The option for testing either handgun-rated or rifle-rated shields with a shotgun threat is included in Appendix X2.
Note 1: Shields rated as “shotgun only” are not typically produced in the industry because they are not used by law enforcement agencies.  
1.2 Products addressed by this specification include hand-held or hand-carried shields (having single or multiple panels, multi-fold shields) and person-portable shields with wheels.  
1.2.1 Shields may be stand-alone or may incorporate in conjunction with (ICW) armor appliques.  
1.3 Products not addressed by this specification include fixed or mobile barriers not intended to move during an operation and flexible shields that drape across the surfaces upon which they are placed (for example, ballistic blankets).
Note 2: The above products are addressed by Specification E3236/E3236M.  
1.4 This specification addresses ballistic performance in terms of resistance to penetration (RTP) of the shield body, body edges, viewports, fasteners, and weak points.  
1.5 Shields covered by this specification are classified into ASTM shield ballistic protection levels (see Section 10).  
1.6 This specification is applicable for certification testing, verification testing, or research and development testing.  
1.7 Values stated in either the International System of Units (metric) or U.S. Customary units [inch-pound] are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents. Both units are referenced to facilitate acquisition of materials internationally and minimize fabrication costs. Tests conducted using either system maintain repeatability and reproducibility of the test method and results are comparable.  
1.8 This specification is divided into the following sections:    
Section  
Title    
1  
Scope  
2  
Referenced Documents  
3  
Terminology  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Equipment and Materials  
6  
Conditioning Requirements  
7  
Test Requirements  
8  
Test Item Requirements  
9  
Procedure for Visual Examination  
10  
Ballistic Protection Levels and Test Threats  
11  
Ballistic Performance Requirements for Handgun-rated Shields  
12  
Ballistic Performance Requirements for Rifle-rated Shields    
13  
Product Documentation Requirements  
14  
Product Label and Package Label Requirements  
15  
Test Report  
16  
Keywords    
Appendix X1  
Example Test Item and Shot Distribution Diagrams  
Appendix X2  
Performance Requirements for Adding a Shotgun Threat to a Handgun-rated or Rifle-rated Shield  
1.9 The tests required by this standard have inherent hazards. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 U.S. Department of Defense and U.S. Department of Justice standards and specifications require assessing the penetration resistance and backface deformation of ballistic-resistant body armor.  
5.2 This test method may be used by private-sector and government laboratories, manufacturers, research and development organizations, and others assessing the ballistic resistance of body armor or performing research and development of new materials.  
5.3 It is intended that this test method be referenced by other standards, specifications, or test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method addresses resistance to ballistic penetration and to backface deformation (BFD) for ballistic-resistant torso body armor and shoot packs.  
1.2 This test method is intended for testing of soft body armor, hard armor plates, in conjunction with armor, and shoot packs mounted on a clay block as the backing assembly.
Note 1: This test method does not apply to ballistic helmets, inserts, trauma packs, trauma plates, or accessories.  
1.3 The test method does not specify performance criteria or usage of the test results.  
1.4 This test method does not address conditioning of test items.  
1.5 It is anticipated that this test method will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users in order to meet their specific needs.  
1.5.1 Purchasers and other users will specify the ballistic test threats to be used. Within this test method, the reference defining the ballistic test threats is called the “test threats document.”  
1.5.2 In this test method, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this test method. Purchasers and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this test method.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 applies to personal protective ballistic-resistant shields.  
1.2 The intent of this test method is to evaluate the ballistic resistance of shield products for law enforcement.  
1.3 Certifiers, purchasers, and other users of this test method will specify the ballistic test threats to be used. Within this test method, the reference defining the ballistic test threats will be called the “test threats document.”  
1.4 In this test method, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this test method. Certifiers, purchasers, and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this test method.  
1.5 Units—Values stated in either the International System of Units (metric) or U.S. Customary units (inch-pound) are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents. Tests conducted using either system maintain repeatability and reproducibility of the test method and results are comparable.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of these test methods is to provide reliable and repeatable nonballistic test methods and conditioning procedures for the evaluation of head protection used in law enforcement and corrections applications.  
4.2 It is anticipated that these test methods will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users in order to meet their specific needs. Those users will specify which test methods and conditioning procedures are applicable, and will specify any performance categories or levels.  
4.3 These test methods include some procedures and references to other standards to ensure that relevant properties are addressed.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard provides nonballistic test methods and conditioning procedures for assessing head protection (that is, helmet and face shield) worn by law enforcement and corrections officers.  
1.1.1 Conditioning procedures are included to assess durability in terms of resistance to chemicals and cleaning products, extreme temperatures, weathering, and absorption of liquids.  
1.1.2 Test methods are included to assess the protective performance against hazards including impact/bump, projectiles (other than bullets), flame, and liquids.  
1.1.3 Test methods are included to assess safety and ergonomic aspects of retention system strength, stability of the helmet on the wearer’s head, corrosion resistance, and face shield visual acuity, field of view, scratch resistance, and anti-mist properties.
Note 1: These test methods reference published standards from ASTM International and other standards developing organizations. Appendix X1 contains a summary of test methods included in this standard, along with the source and purpose for each.  
1.2 These test methods do not address eye protection other than face shields that are attached to the helmet.  
1.3 It is anticipated that these test methods will be referenced by suppliers, certifiers, purchasers, or other users to meet their specific needs. Those users will specify, in other standards and specifications, which test methods and conditioning procedures are applicable and will specify any performance categories or levels.  
1.3.1 If there is a discrepancy between these test methods and a user-supplied document, the user-supplied document shall take precedence.  
1.4 In these test methods, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of these test methods. Purchasers and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of these test methods.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 It is anticipated that this practice will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, and other users in order to meet their specific needs. Those users will specify which conditioning procedures are applicable.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice applies to the conditioning of hard armor test items prior to ballistic resistance testing. Hard armor is an item of personal protective equipment that is constructed of rigid materials and is intended to protect the wearer from threats that may include ballistic threats, stabbing, fragmentation, or blunt impact, or combinations thereof. (Terminology E3005.) Hard armor is also referred to as hard armor plate and plate.
Note 1: Ballistic resistance testing is not covered in this practice.  
1.2 This practice describes requirements for subjecting test items to conditions intended to assess the capability of the test item to withstand environmental conditions that induce responses similar to those that might result from conditions encountered during use. This practice includes the conditioning procedures listed below:  
1.2.1 Controlled ambient conditioning procedure,  
1.2.2 Thermal/temperature shock procedure,  
1.2.3 Temperature extremes procedure,  
1.2.4 Weathering procedure,  
1.2.5 Fluid exposure procedure,  
1.2.6 Altitude exposure procedure,  
1.2.7 Vibration conditioning procedure,  
1.2.8 Impact Durability pre-conditioning,  
1.2.9 Impact Durability procedure for torso front and back plates, and  
1.2.10 Impact Durability procedure for other plates (that is, other than torso front and back plates).  
1.3 The user of this practice shall determine which conditioning procedures apply.
Note 2: This practice may not be applicable to all types of hard armor.  
1.4 In this practice, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this practice. Purchasers and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this practice.  
1.5 This practice does not address pass/fail requirements for test items subjected to these procedures.  
1.6 This practice does not address visual inspections or radiographic inspections of test items that may be required prior to or following conditioning.
Note 3: It is recommended that a thorough visual examination of each test item prior to and after the exposures be performed to document any change in physical appearance resulting from the exposure.  
1.7 This practice does not address subsequent conditioning or testing of test items.  
1.8 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.8.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification describes a standardized method for preparation and verification of backing assemblies used in ballistic-resistant torso body armor testing and for reducing variability within and between laboratories. Included in this specification are the equipment used for preparation and verification of clay blocks, namely: backing fixture, backing fixture liner, bridge gauge, conditioning chamber, impactor, striking device, template, test setup, and velocity measurement equipment.
This specification also covers procedures for characterization of clay block verification test setup, clay block preparation, clay block verification procedure prior to ballistic testing, clay block repair, clay block verification between test items, and clay block verification after final shot on clay block.
SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this specification is to provide standardized methods for preparation and verification of backing assemblies used in ballistic-resistant torso body armor testing and to reduce variability within and between laboratories.  
1.2 The backing assembly is a clay block that contains ROMA Plastilina No. 1®2 clay as the backing material. The clay serves as a witness material and provides a measurable indication of test item performance.  
1.3 This specification identifies two clay-verification impactors that may be used: (1) cylindrical and (2) spherical. Purchasers and other users will specify the clay-verification impactor to be used.  
1.4 This specification is primarily directed toward test laboratories but may be applicable to body armor manufacturers, researchers, and end users performing ballistic-resistance testing of body armor.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to non-SI units that are provided for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 U.S. Department of Defense and U.S. Department of Justice standards require ballistic limit determination for assessing the performance of ballistic-resistant body armor.  
5.2 This test method may be used by private-sector and government laboratories, manufacturers, research and development organizations, and others assessing the ballistic resistance of body armor or performing research and development of new materials.  
5.3 It is intended that this test method be referenced by other standards, specifications, and test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method addresses the collection of ballistic limit data for ballistic-resistant torso body armor and shoot packs.  
1.2 This test method is intended for testing of soft body armor, hard armor plates, and shoot packs. This test method does not apply to ballistic helmets.  
1.3 This test method describes procedures for collecting data and does not specify computation or performance criteria for the ballistic limit. Instructions for computation and performance criteria are specified in other standards and specifications.  
1.4 Several commonly used test item mounting procedures and ballistic limit procedures are included in this test method; certifiers, purchasers, and other users will specify the procedures to be used.  
1.5 This test method does not address conditioning of test items.  
1.6 It is anticipated that this test method will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users to meet their specific needs.  
1.6.1 Certifier, purchasers, and other users will specify and describe the ballistic test threats to be used. Within this test method, the reference will be called the “test threats document.”  
1.6.2 Certifiers, purchasers, and other users will provide specific instructions for the determination of complete penetrations or partial penetrations.  
1.6.3 In this test method, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this test method. Certifiers, purchasers, and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this test method.  
1.7 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.7.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 U.S. Department of Defense and U.S. Department of Justice standards and specifications may require these test methods for assessing the penetration resistance and backface deformation of ballistic-resistant helmets and face shields.  
5.2 These test methods may be used by private-sector and government laboratories, manufacturers, research and development organizations, and others assessing the ballistic resistance of helmets and face shields or performing research and development of new materials.  
5.3 It is intended that these test methods will be referenced by other standards and specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods describe the tests for ballistic-resistant head protection which consists of helmets and face shields. Test methods address backface deformation, resistance to penetration, and ballistic limit. It is anticipated that these test methods will be referenced by purchasers or other users in specifications or performance standards for helmets in order to meet the user’s specific needs.
Note 1: ISO/IEC 17025 specifies the general requirements for the competence to carry out tests or calibrations, or both. It covers testing and calibration performed using standard methods, non-standard methods, and laboratory-developed methods.  
1.2 These test methods do not address eye protection other than ballistic-resistant face shields that are attached to the helmet.  
1.3 These test methods do not specify performance criteria or usages of the test results.  
1.4 These test methods include procedures for conditioning of test items prior to ballistic testing.  
1.5 In these test methods, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of these test methods. Purchasers and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications,” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of these test methods.  
1.5.1 Other standards and specifications will specify and describe the ballistic test threats to be used.  
1.6 Units—Values stated in either the International System of Units (metric) or U.S. Customary units (inch-pound) are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents. Both units are referenced to facilitate acquisition of materials internationally and minimize fabrication costs. Tests conducted using either system maintain repeatability and reproducibility of the test method and results are comparable.  
1.7 If there is a discrepancy between these test methods and a user supplied document, the user supplied document takes precedence.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended for non-law enforcement first responders facing increased exposure to scenes of violence where firearms or stabbing weapons may be used.  
4.2 The use and wear conditions are different than for law enforcement, requiring specialized guidance on types of body armor and their limitations, levels of protection, threat assessment, use and care, compatibility with other required protective gear, and training.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides information to non-law enforcement first responders for the selection and use of body armor.  
1.2 Non-law enforcement first responders, including but not limited to fire fighters, emergency medical service providers, fire investigators, and civilian/community response teams, require specialized guidance on types of body armor and their limitations, levels of protection, threat assessment, use and care, compatibility with other required protective gear, and training.  
1.3 This guide is directed to authorities having jurisdiction (AHJs) and all non-law enforcement first responders and their agency or department leadership.  
1.4 This guide is not intended for law enforcement and corrections personnel.  
Note 1: See NIJ SAG 0101.06.  
1.5 This guide is divided into the following sections:    
Section  
Title  
1  
Scope    
2  
Referenced Documents  
3  
Terminology    
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Managing a Body Armor Program    
6  
Understanding Protection Levels    
7  
Selecting the Appropriate Body Armor    
8  
Sizing Body Armor to the End User(s)    
9  
Guidance on Purchasing    
10  
Verifying that Your Body Armor is NIJ Certified    
11  
Fit, Coverage, and Wear Guidance    
12  
Fire Fighter Guidance for Body Armor Use with Turnout Gear    
13  
Inspection, Care, and Maintenance    
14  
Keywords    
Annex A1  
Risk Assessment Guidance    
Appendix X1  
Body Armor Program Management Guidance  
Appendix X2  
Comparison of NIJ Ballistic Protection Levels  
Appendix X3  
General Federal Government Grant Programs    
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this specification is to specify performance requirements, conditioning procedures, and test methods for nonballistic-resistant head protection used in public order police applications.  
4.2 It is anticipated that this specification will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users in order to meet their specific needs.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification specifies performance requirements, conditioning procedures, and test methods for assessing nonballistic-resistant head protection (that is, helmet and face shield) specifically designed to be worn by law enforcement and corrections officers when maintaining order in violent situations.  
1.2 This specification does not address eye protection other than face shields that are attached to the helmet.  
1.3 The threats and hazards addressed in this specification were identified by officers specially trained and equipped to manage any form of public gathering, ranging from concerts, parades, marches, and demonstration events to violent unrest.  
1.4 It is anticipated that this specification will be referenced by suppliers, certifiers, purchasers, or other users to meet their specific needs.  
1.5 The user of this specification may choose to specify additional requirements, and some options are provided in Appendix X1.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this standard is to provide reliable and repeatable compression test methods for the evaluation of helmets used in law enforcement, corrections, and military applications.  
4.2 It is anticipated that this standard will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users in order to meet their specific needs. Those users will specify which test methods apply and will specify any performance categories or levels.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard provides test methods for assessing compression resistance of helmets worn by military, law enforcement, and corrections personnel. These test methods are applicable for many styles of helmet (that is, high-cut, mid-cut, full-cut).  
1.2 Three compression test methods are included: (1) top-to-bottom, (2) side-to-side, and (3) front-to-back.  
1.3 It is anticipated that this standard will be referenced by suppliers, certifiers, purchasers, or other users to meet their specific needs. Those users will specify, in other standards and specifications, which test methods and conditioning procedures are applicable and will specify any performance categories or levels.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification specifies requirements for ballistic-resistant barriers to be used in homeland security or public safety applications for protection against complete penetration of projectiles from small arms2. The purpose of this specification is to define baseline performance for ballistic-resistant barriers.  
1.2 Items covered by this specification may be rigid or flexible barriers of uniform ballistic layup that are either temporarily or permanently installed. Examples of products include cubicle partitions; non-structural barriers; security checkpoint barriers; and barriers installed in judges’ benches, school safe rooms, and service counters.  
1.2.1 This specification addresses two configurations of barriers: (1) stand-alone and (2) in conjunction.  
1.2.2 For barriers that include a viewport(s), each viewport shall be tested in accordance with Test Method E3141/E3141M.  
1.2.3 This specification is not intended to address architectural products covered by ASTM Committees F12 and F33, such as building materials and security glazing.  
1.3 This specification defines ballistic performance categories, and the supplier shall declare the ballistic performance category(ies) for testing to this specification.  
1.4 This specification requires both Resistance to Penetration (RTP) Testing and Ballistic Limit (V50) Testing.  
1.4.1 In addition to the required tests, an optional test with specific temperature conditions is provided that allows testing beyond the minimum requirements of this specification. See Appendix X1. Statements of conformance with this specification shall not include any optional tests unless the optional test is conducted, and the results are included in the test report.  
1.5 This specification requires testing of ballistic-resistant barriers in one of the following two ways:  
1.5.1 Stand-alone Products—Test items shall be shoot packs, armor coupons, or actual products mounted in a test fixture with air backing.  
1.5.2 In Conjunction Products—Test items shall be actual products mounted in the intended use configuration, including mounting hardware and any materials expected to be in front of and behind the product.  
1.6 It is anticipated that this specification will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users to meet their specific needs.  
1.7 Selection and procurement guidance is provided in Appendix X2 to assist purchasers in using this specification.  
1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.8.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this test method is to provide a test method for the evaluation of less lethal impact rounds used by law enforcement, corrections, and other public safety officers.  
4.2 This test method may be used by suppliers, certification bodies, testing laboratories, research and development organizations, and others assessing the performance of less lethal impact rounds.  
4.3 This test method may be used by purchasers in their evaluation of products to meet their needs and requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method addresses direct-fire, single-projectile less lethal impact rounds used by public safety officers, including law enforcement, corrections, and others.  
1.2 This test method addresses both blunt impact rounds and payload delivery rounds.  
1.2.1 This test method is limited to direct-fire, single-projectile rounds and excludes skip-fire rounds or multiple-projectile rounds.  
1.3 This test method is used to measure velocity and determine precision and impact energy for a round.  
1.4 A specification is under development by ASTM that addresses the safety of targeted individuals during deployment of less lethal impact rounds. That specification will reference this test method.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Properly sized and fitted body armor enhances the safety and performance of the wearer by providing protection while not restricting movement. Having body armor that fits well begins with appropriate and accurate measurements. The measurement guidance of this practice will facilitate consistency of measurement across the body armor industry and will help wearers understand proper measurements.  
4.2 Accurate measurements do not necessarily result in well-fitting armor, so this practice goes a step further by providing a description of well-fitting armor along with a personal armor fit assessment that the wearer can do for himself/herself.  
4.3 The measurement and fitting guidance specifically addresses officer-stated requirements for side overlap of front and back body armor panels, minimizing the armhole opening, eliminating any “V” gap (or similar) between the front and back panels, and providing vertical coverage on the front torso from approximately the “2nd uniform shirt button to 2 to 3 finger widths above duty belt.” Those requirements were considered in the development of this practice and the definition of measurements that can be consistently made for any individual.  
4.4 This practice describes measurements for the front, back, and sides of the wearer, in addition to girth measurements, to achieve proper sizing of front and back panels and proper fit of the complete armor.  
4.5 This practice can be used to train individuals on proper measurement techniques and to train wearers on proper fitting of body armor.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides measurement and fit guidance for soft ballistic-resistant or stab-resistant body armor, or both, covering the torso. Proper measurement of the wearer and fitting of armor to that individual are necessary to obtain sufficient coverage of the torso and vital organs while allowing the full range of motion required for officer operations.  
1.2 This practice is primarily directed toward law enforcement and corrections officers and addresses measurements for and fit of concealable (normal duty) body armor worn under or over the uniform for both male and female wearers. This practice addresses only body armor composed of front and back protective panels contained within a carrier that positions and holds the panels on the torso.  
1.3 This practice can be used to train individuals on proper measurement techniques and to train wearers on proper fitting of body armor.  
1.4 Measurement guidance is provided in Section 5 of this practice.  
1.5 Guidance for use of a tape measure is provided in Section 6 of this practice.  
1.6 Guidance for use of sizing vests is provided in Section 7 of this practice.  
1.7 A personal armor fit assessment is provided in Section 8 for use by wearers.  
1.8 Units—English units are specified in this practice to be consistent with measurement units used in the United States body armor community. Approximate values in SI units are given in parentheses.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The test method is intended to determine the resistance to penetration of a ballistic-resistant product or shoot pack to specified projectiles impacting at specified velocities. No other properties of the ballistic-resistant product or shoot pack are evaluated by this test method.  
5.2 This test method may be used by private-sector and government laboratories, manufacturers, research and development organizations, and others assessing the ballistic resistance of products or shoot packs or performing research and development of new products.  
5.3 It is intended that this test method be referenced by other standards, specifications, or test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method assesses resistance to complete penetration by projectiles and applies to ballistic-resistant products or shoot packs, either flexible or rigid, that are intended to provide protection against projectiles from small arms.2 This test method does not assess blunt impact resistance.  
1.2 This test method does not apply to body armor, armor panels, inserts, trauma packs, trauma plates, materials, or other items intended to be worn or located against the body to limit blunt trauma.  
1.3 This test method applies only to products related to homeland security and public safety.  
1.4 This test method is not intended to address architectural products covered by Test Method F1233, such as building materials and security glazing.  
1.5 This test method is applicable to products or shoot packs that are constructed with identical layups of ballistic materials over the entire product or shoot pack. The product or shoot pack may have stitching, seams, or other joints.
Note 1: For example, this test method is applicable for evaluating a ballistic-resistant blanket constructed from multiple sheets of different materials laminated together; however, this test method is not applicable for evaluating a ballistic-resistant shield that has a discontinuity at the interface between opaque and transparent component materials.  
1.6 The test method does not specify performance criteria or usage of the test results.  
1.7 It is anticipated that this test method will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users in order to meet their specific needs.  
1.7.1 In this test method, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this test method. Purchasers and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this test method.  
1.7.2 Purchasers and other users will specify the ballistic test threats, and the associated velocities, to be used.  
1.8 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.8.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 U.S. Department of Justice standards for assessing the performance of ballistic-resistant torso body armor require conditioning of soft armor test items prior to ballistic testing.  
4.2 This practice method may be applicable for certification testing or for research and development testing.  
4.3 This practice has only been evaluated for ballistic-resistant body armor and has not been assessed for applicability to any other type of protective system.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice applies only to the conditioning of soft body armor via temperature, humidity, and tumbling exposure prior to ballistic resistance testing.  
1.2 This practice is intended for soft armor for law enforcement applications, and its purpose is to subject test items to conditions intended to provide some indication of the test item ability to withstand conditions of heat, moisture, and mechanical wear (folding and abrasion) that might be encountered during wear.  
1.2.1 This practice is not intended for soft armor to be used in military applications.  
1.3 In this practice, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents that require the use of this practice. Purchasers and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this practice.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the indoor ballistic test range requirements for small arms and fragmentation testing of the following ballistic-resistant items: soft body armor, hard armor plates, body armor accessories, shields, and helmets. It specifies critical test range parameters in order to achieve consistency/repeatability among test ranges. It does not apply to “contact” shots taken on the test item (that is, the muzzle rests on the strike face of the test item).
SCOPE
1.1 This standard specifies indoor ballistic test range requirements for small arms and fragmentation testing of the following ballistic-resistant items: soft body armor, hard armor plates, body armor accessories, shields, and helmets. The specification includes requirements for range geometry (for example, dimensions, alignment, spacing), range conditions (for example, temperature, humidity, lighting), test equipment (for example, receiver, mounting, test barrels, backing assembly mounting), instrumentation (for example, light screens, high speed cameras, radar), and measurement procedures (for example, projectile velocity, yaw).  
1.2 The purpose of this standard is to specify critical test range parameters in order to achieve consistency/repeatability among test ranges.  
1.3 This specification is not applicable for “contact” shots taken on the test item (that is, the muzzle rests on the strike face of the test item).  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.  
1.5 This standard does not address environmental concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 U.S. Department of Defense and U.S. Department of Justice standards for assessing the performance of ballistic-resistant torso body armor require the measurement of BFD on backing assemblies made with ROMA Plastilina No. 1®6.  
5.2 This test method may be applicable for certification testing or for research and development testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes test methods for the contact measurement of backface deformation (BFD) in clay backing caused by a test threat that produces a partial penetration in a body armor test item.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to testing of planar and nonplanar soft armor and hard armor.  
1.3 This test method is not applicable to testing of helmets.  
1.4 The purpose of this test method is to achieve consistent measurements between laboratories and reduce differences that could result from using different measurement techniques.  
1.5 It is anticipated that this test method will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, and other users in order to meet their specific needs.  
1.6 This test method does not specify BFD performance requirements for body armor. The performance requirements are included in other standards or specifications. The decision rules for determining conformance to specifications and the consideration of uncertainty are also included in other standards or specifications.  
1.6.1 In this test method, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this test method. Certifiers, purchasers, and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this test method.  
1.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Where appropriate, mathematical conversions to non-SI units are provided in parentheses for informational purposes.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 U.S. Department of Defense and U.S. Department of Justice standards for assessing the performance of ballistic-resistant torso body armor require the use of backing assemblies made with Roma Plastilina No. 1®. The creation of appliques behind nonplanar soft armor test items must be done in a consistent manner to reduce variability within and between laboratories.  
4.2 This practice is applicable for certification testing or for research and development testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice specifies a procedure for creating appliques (that is, build-up of clay) for use behind nonplanar, soft body armor test items and affixing the appliques to the clay block.
Note 1: This practice describes a single applique shape; additional shapes may be described in other standards.  
1.2 The purpose of this practice is to specify critical parameters for creating appliques in order to improve consistency of the test setup between laboratories.
Note 2: In the past, testing of nonplanar soft armor has been done either with an unspecified buildup of clay behind the test item or with the test item pressed flat against the clay block.  
1.3 This practice is applicable only to nonplanar soft body armor designed for females.  
1.4 This practice is not applicable to hard armor test items.  
1.5 This practice is primarily directed toward test laboratories but may be applicable to body armor manufacturers, researchers, and end users performing ballistic-resistance testing of body armor.  
1.6 In this practice, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this practice. Purchasers and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this practice.  
1.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Where appropriate, inch-pound units are included parenthetically for information purposes.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes the certification requirements for less lethal aerosol devices used by law enforcement, corrections officers, and other public safety officers.  
1.1.1 This practice is intended to be used by certification bodies and by purchasers and suppliers in the procurement of less lethal aerosol devices that meet Specification E3187/E3187M.  
1.1.2 The performance, testing, labeling, documentation, and reporting requirements for certification are specified in Specification E3187/E3187M.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification addresses less lethal chemical irritant sprays used by law enforcement, corrections, and other public safety officers.  
1.2 This specification is limited to duty belt-mounted canisters.  
1.3 This specification is limited to sprays intended for use on humans.  
1.4 This specification defines requirements for products containing liquid aerosol Oleoresin Capsicum (OC) spray (that is, pepper spray), Orthochlorobenzalmalononitrile (CS) spray (that is, 2–chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile; CAS #: 2698-41-1), or OC-CS combination spray. The formulation may be delivered as a stream, gel, foam, cone, or vapor.  
1.5 This specification does not address incendiary devices or “hot gas.”  
1.6 Products covered by this specification may be flammable or nonflammable.  
1.7 Products covered by this specification are hazardous substances as defined by 16 CFR 1500.3.  
1.8 It is intended that the following related practice be used in conjunction with this specification: Practice E3215.  
1.9 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.9.1 For some quantities in Sections 9, 10, and 11, only SI units are used to be consistent with industry practice.  
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended for use by law enforcement, corrections, or other public safety agencies in planning and managing a body armor program. The overarching objective is officer safety and assisting with risk management.  
4.2 This guide was developed via a collaborative partnership between local, state, and federal public safety agencies, body armor wearers, vendors, fitters, and unions (for example, Fraternal Order of Police). The purpose is to guide law enforcement, corrections, or other public safety agencies in planning and managing a body armor program.  
4.3 A graphical overview showing all aspects and interrelated activities of planning and managing a body armor program is provided in Appendix X1 of this guide.
SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to assist law enforcement, corrections, or other public safety agencies in planning and managing a body armor program.  
1.2 This guide addresses ballistic-resistant, stab-resistant, multi-threat, combination, concealable soft, hard plate, and tactical body armor.  
1.3 This guide specifically includes the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) body armor program as a provider of performance standards, guidance, and certification for body armor. While many countries recognize the NIJ body armor program, applicable certification programs of other countries should be consulted.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to assist law enforcement and corrections officers in selecting and purchasing protective gloves that both meet their needs and have been demonstrated to meet relevant performance requirements of Specification E3109.  
4.2 The guide explains the performance requirements, performance ratings, and test methods for assessing performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide addresses selection and procurement of protective gloves worn by law enforcement and corrections officers.  
1.2 This guide explains to end users the content and value of the two below listed standards and how to procure gloves that meet their requirements.  
1.2.1 Specification E3109:  
1.2.1.1 The purpose of Specification E3109 is to provide performance requirements, performance ratings, and test methods for the evaluation of protective gloves used in law enforcement and corrections applications.
1.2.1.2 Test methods and performance ratings are included to aid glove purchasers and end users in their evaluation of whether a protective glove meets their needs. It is not required that a glove meet every performance requirement specified in this specification.  
1.2.2 Practice E3108:  
1.2.2.1 Practice E3108 establishes the conformity assessment requirements for protective gloves worn by law enforcement and corrections officers and provides two options for verifying that protective gloves meet requirements: (1) supplier’s declaration of conformity (SDOC) and (2) certification.
1.2.2.2 The practice is intended to be used by purchasers and suppliers in the procurement of gloves that meet Specification E3109, and the purchaser is responsible for selecting either SDOC or certification.  
1.3 This guide and the aforementioned standards were developed based on a survey of end users regarding hazards of concern and operational requirements of officers. (See Section 5.)  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification addresses protective gloves worn by law enforcement and corrections officers.  
1.2 This specification and related standards were developed by subject matter experts, including experienced end users, using data from a survey of more than 800 U.S. law enforcement and corrections officers.  
1.3 This specification addresses performance requirements, performance ratings, and test methods for whole gloves and for glove components (for example, materials, layers).
Note 1: This specification references published ASTM standards.  
1.3.1 A glove is not uniform in terms of the protection it provides, and different portions or areas of a glove (for example, palm, fingertip) may offer different protection.  
1.3.2 It is not intended that a single glove meet all specified performance requirements within this specification.  
1.4 The glove supplier will identify which of the performance requirements a specific glove meets and the performance ratings for the different portions or areas of the glove.  
1.5 This specification specifies performance requirements for (1) physical protection, including resistance to cut, puncture, and needle stick, and (2) resistance to abrasion and tearing to ensure protection is maintained during use.  
1.5.1 A document outlining dexterity and other physical protection requirements identified by end users as important is being developed.  
1.6 It is expected that this specification will be used by suppliers, test laboratories, certification bodies, and purchasers.  
1.7 It is intended that two related standards be used in conjunction with this specification:  
1.7.1 A Guide for Selection, Procurement, and Use of Protective Gloves Worn by Law Enforcement and Corrections, in development by ASTM.  
1.7.2 Practice E3108.  
1.8 Units—The values stated in SI or CGS2 units are to be regarded as standard. The primary units displayed in this standard are consistent with the referenced ASTM test methods. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions that are provided for information only.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes the conformity assessment requirements for protective gloves worn by law enforcement and corrections officers. It was developed based on end user input regarding hazards of concern and operational requirements of officers.2  
1.2 This practice provides two options for conformity assessment: (1) supplier’s declaration of conformity (SDOC) and (2) certification.  
1.2.1 This practice is intended to be used by purchasers and suppliers in the procurement of gloves that meet Specification E3109, and the purchaser is responsible for selecting either SDOC or certification.
Note 1: An ASTM guide is being developed to provide agencies and end users with information related to the selection, procurement, and use of protective gloves worn by law enforcement and corrections officers while on duty.  
1.2.2 The performance, testing, labeling, documentation, and reporting requirements for SDOC and for certification are specified in Specification E3109.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification specifies minimum performance requirements and test methods for the ballistic resistance of helmets used by U.S. public safety officers and intended to protect the head against handgun and rifle ammunition.  
1.1.1 The test methods within this specification were developed and validated for broadly available helmet designs. Some helmet designs may require additional or different testing than that specified in this specification.  
1.2 This specification addresses ballistic performance in terms of:  
1.2.1 Helmet resistance to penetration (RTP) of shell, fasteners, and weak points;  
1.2.2 Helmet shell ballistic limit (V50); and  
1.2.3 Face shield RTP and deformation.  
1.3 Helmets covered by this specification are classified into RTP ballistic protection levels (see Section 8).  
1.4 This specification addresses non-ballistic performance in terms of:  
1.4.1 Helmet impact attenuation;  
1.4.2 Helmet shell compression resistance;  
1.4.3 Face shield resistance to blunt impact, deflection, and projectile impact;  
1.4.4 Face shield optics; and  
1.4.5 Retention system strength.  
1.5 Backface deformation (BFD) measurement is not addressed as a requirement for compliance with this specification. If the user of this specification is interested in BFD measurement, see Appendix X1.  
1.6 This specification is applicable for compliance testing, verification testing, certification testing, or research and development testing.  
1.7 This specification is divided into the following sections:    
Section  
Title  
1  
Scope  
2  
Referenced Documents  
3  
Terminology  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Test Threats, Equipment, and Materials  
6  
Test Item Requirements  
7  
Procedure for Visual Examination  
8  
Helmet Resistance to Penetration (RTP) Ballistic Protection Levels and Test Threats  
9  
Ballistic Performance Requirements for Helmet Shell RTP and BFD  
10  
Ballistic Performance Requirements for Face Shields  
11  
Ballistic Performance Requirements for Helmet Shell Ballistic Limit (V50)  
12  
Ballistic Performance Requirements for Fasteners  
13  
Ballistic Performance Requirements for Weak Points  
14  
Non-ballistic Performance Requirements for Helmets and Face Shields  
15  
Product Documentation Requirements  
16  
Product Label and Package Label Requirements  
17  
Test Report  
18  
Keywords  
Annex A1  
ASTM Helmet RTP Ballistic Protection Levels and Associated Test Threats  
Annex A2  
Ballistic Testing Summary  
Annex A3  
Non-ballistic Testing Summary  
Appendix X1  
Optional Backface Deformation Measurement Acceptance Criteria and Test Procedure  
1.8 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum requirements for the design, performance, testing, and certification of air-purifying respiratory protective smoke escape devices for immediate emergency evacuation without entry/re-entry.  
1.2 The purpose of this specification shall be to provide minimum requirements for respiratory protective escape devices that provide limited protection for 15 min for escape from the by-products of fire, including particulate matter, carbon monoxide, other toxic gases, and the effects of radiant heat.  
1.3 The requirements of this specification specify an air-purifying respiratory protective escape device with a laboratory-tested 15-min service life intended to provide head, eye, and respiratory protection from particulate matter, irritants, and toxic gases and vapors commonly produced by fire.  
1.4 Controlled laboratory tests that are used to determine compliance with the performance requirements of this specification shall not be deemed as establishing performance levels for all situations to which individuals can be exposed.  
1.5 This specification shall not apply to the requirements for provision, installation, or use of air-purifying respiratory protective smoke escape devices.  
1.6 This specification shall not apply to respiratory protective escape devices intended for use in circumstances in which an oxygen deficiency (oxygen less than 19.5 % by volume) exists or might exist.  
1.7 This specification is not intended to be used as a detailed manufacturing or purchase specification, but shall be permitted to be referenced as a minimum requirement in purchase specifications.  
1.8 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 U.S. Department of Defense and U.S. Department of Justice standards and specifications require assessing the penetration resistance and backface deformation of ballistic-resistant body armor.  
5.2 This test method may be used by private-sector and government laboratories, manufacturers, research and development organizations, and others assessing the ballistic resistance of body armor or performing research and development of new materials.  
5.3 It is intended that this test method be referenced by other standards, specifications, or test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method addresses resistance to ballistic penetration and to backface deformation (BFD) for ballistic-resistant torso body armor and shoot packs.  
1.2 This test method is intended for testing of soft body armor, hard armor plates, in conjunction with armor, and shoot packs mounted on a clay block as the backing assembly.
Note 1: This test method does not apply to ballistic helmets, inserts, trauma packs, trauma plates, or accessories.  
1.3 The test method does not specify performance criteria or usage of the test results.  
1.4 This test method does not address conditioning of test items.  
1.5 It is anticipated that this test method will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users in order to meet their specific needs.  
1.5.1 Purchasers and other users will specify the ballistic test threats to be used. Within this test method, the reference defining the ballistic test threats is called the “test threats document.”  
1.5.2 In this test method, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this test method. Purchasers and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this test method.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 It is anticipated that this practice will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, and other users in order to meet their specific needs. Those users will specify which conditioning procedures are applicable.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice applies to the conditioning of hard armor test items prior to ballistic resistance testing. Hard armor is an item of personal protective equipment that is constructed of rigid materials and is intended to protect the wearer from threats that may include ballistic threats, stabbing, fragmentation, or blunt impact, or combinations thereof. (Terminology E3005.) Hard armor is also referred to as hard armor plate and plate.
Note 1: Ballistic resistance testing is not covered in this practice.  
1.2 This practice describes requirements for subjecting test items to conditions intended to assess the capability of the test item to withstand environmental conditions that induce responses similar to those that might result from conditions encountered during use. This practice includes the conditioning procedures listed below:  
1.2.1 Controlled ambient conditioning procedure,  
1.2.2 Thermal/temperature shock procedure,  
1.2.3 Temperature extremes procedure,  
1.2.4 Weathering procedure,  
1.2.5 Fluid exposure procedure,  
1.2.6 Altitude exposure procedure,  
1.2.7 Vibration conditioning procedure,  
1.2.8 Impact Durability pre-conditioning,  
1.2.9 Impact Durability procedure for torso front and back plates, and  
1.2.10 Impact Durability procedure for other plates (that is, other than torso front and back plates).  
1.3 The user of this practice shall determine which conditioning procedures apply.
Note 2: This practice may not be applicable to all types of hard armor.  
1.4 In this practice, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this practice. Purchasers and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this practice.  
1.5 This practice does not address pass/fail requirements for test items subjected to these procedures.  
1.6 This practice does not address visual inspections or radiographic inspections of test items that may be required prior to or following conditioning.
Note 3: It is recommended that a thorough visual examination of each test item prior to and after the exposures be performed to document any change in physical appearance resulting from the exposure.  
1.7 This practice does not address subsequent conditioning or testing of test items.  
1.8 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.8.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this specification is to provide performance requirements and test methods for the evaluation of ballistic-resistant shields used by law enforcement officers.  
4.2 This specification may be used by suppliers, certification bodies, verification bodies, testing laboratories, research and development organizations, and others assessing the performance of ballistic-resistant shields.  
4.3 The specification may be used by purchasers in their evaluation of products to meet their needs and requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard specifies minimum performance requirements and test methods for the ballistic resistance of shields used by U.S. law enforcement officers to protect against handgun and rifle ammunition.  
1.2 Products addressed by this specification include hand-held or hand-carried shields (having single or multiple panels, multi-fold shields) and person-portable shields with wheels.  
1.2.1 Shields may be stand-alone or may incorporate in conjunction with (ICW) armor appliques.  
1.3 Products not addressed by this specification include fixed or mobile barriers not intended to move during an operation and flexible shields that drape across the surfaces upon which they are placed (for example, ballistic blankets).
Note 1: The above products are addressed by Specification E3236/E3236M.  
1.4 This specification addresses ballistic performance in terms of resistance to penetration (RTP) of the shield body, body edges, viewports, fasteners, and weak points.  
1.5 Shields covered by this specification are classified into ASTM shield ballistic protection levels (see Section 10).  
1.6 This specification is applicable for certification testing, verification testing, or research and development testing.  
1.7 Values stated in either the International System of Units (metric) or U.S. Customary units [inch-pound] are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents. Both units are referenced to facilitate acquisition of materials internationally and minimize fabrication costs. Tests conducted using either system maintain repeatability and reproducibility of the test method and results are comparable.  
1.8 This specification is divided into the following sections:    
Section  
Title    
1  
Scope  
2  
Referenced Documents  
3  
Terminology  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Equipment and Materials  
6  
Conditioning Requirements  
7  
Test Requirements  
8  
Test Item Requirements  
9  
Procedure for Visual Examination  
10  
Ballistic Protection Levels and Test Threats  
11  
Ballistic Performance Requirements for Handgun-rated Shields  
12  
Ballistic Performance Requirements for Rifle-rated Shields    
13  
Product Documentation Requirements  
14  
Product Label and Package Label Requirements  
15  
Test Report  
16  
Keywords  
1.9 The tests required by this standard have inherent hazards. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 applies to personal protective ballistic-resistant shields.  
1.2 The intent of this test method is to evaluate the ballistic resistance of shield products for law enforcement.  
1.3 Certifiers, purchasers, and other users of this test method will specify the ballistic test threats to be used. Within this test method, the reference defining the ballistic test threats will be called the “test threats document.”  
1.4 In this test method, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this test method. Certifiers, purchasers, and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this test method.  
1.5 Units—Values stated in either the International System of Units (metric) or U.S. Customary units (inch-pound) are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents. Tests conducted using either system maintain repeatability and reproducibility of the test method and results are comparable.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of these test methods is to provide reliable and repeatable nonballistic test methods and conditioning procedures for the evaluation of head protection used in law enforcement and corrections applications.  
4.2 It is anticipated that these test methods will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users in order to meet their specific needs. Those users will specify which test methods and conditioning procedures are applicable, and will specify any performance categories or levels.  
4.3 These test methods include some procedures and references to other standards to ensure that relevant properties are addressed.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard provides nonballistic test methods and conditioning procedures for assessing head protection (that is, helmet and face shield) worn by law enforcement and corrections officers.  
1.1.1 Conditioning procedures are included to assess durability in terms of resistance to chemicals and cleaning products, extreme temperatures, weathering, and absorption of liquids.  
1.1.2 Test methods are included to assess the protective performance against hazards including impact/bump, projectiles (other than bullets), flame, and liquids.  
1.1.3 Test methods are included to assess safety and ergonomic aspects of retention system strength, stability of the helmet on the wearer’s head, corrosion resistance, and face shield visual acuity, field of view, scratch resistance, and anti-mist properties.
Note 1: These test methods reference published standards from ASTM International and other standards developing organizations. Appendix X1 contains a summary of test methods included in this standard, along with the source and purpose for each.  
1.2 These test methods do not address eye protection other than face shields that are attached to the helmet.  
1.3 It is anticipated that these test methods will be referenced by suppliers, certifiers, purchasers, or other users to meet their specific needs. Those users will specify, in other standards and specifications, which test methods and conditioning procedures are applicable and will specify any performance categories or levels.  
1.3.1 If there is a discrepancy between these test methods and a user-supplied document, the user-supplied document shall take precedence.  
1.4 In these test methods, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of these test methods. Purchasers and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of these test methods.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this specification is to specify performance requirements, conditioning procedures, and test methods for nonballistic-resistant head protection used in public order police applications.  
4.2 It is anticipated that this specification will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users in order to meet their specific needs.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification specifies performance requirements, conditioning procedures, and test methods for assessing nonballistic-resistant head protection (that is, helmet and face shield) specifically designed to be worn by law enforcement and corrections officers when maintaining order in violent situations.  
1.2 This specification does not address eye protection other than face shields that are attached to the helmet.  
1.3 The threats and hazards addressed in this specification were identified by officers specially trained and equipped to manage any form of public gathering, ranging from concerts, parades, marches, and demonstration events to violent unrest.  
1.4 It is anticipated that this specification will be referenced by suppliers, certifiers, purchasers, or other users to meet their specific needs.  
1.5 The user of this specification may choose to specify additional requirements, and some options are provided in Appendix X1.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 applies to personal protective ballistic-resistant shields.  
1.2 The intent of this test method is to evaluate the ballistic resistance of shield products for law enforcement.  
1.3 Certifiers, purchasers, and other users of this test method will specify the ballistic test threats to be used. Within this test method, the reference defining the ballistic test threats will be called the “test threats document.”  
1.4 In this test method, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this test method. Certifiers, purchasers, and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this test method.  
1.5 Units—Values stated in either the International System of Units (metric) or U.S. Customary units (inch-pound) are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents. Tests conducted using either system maintain repeatability and reproducibility of the test method and results are comparable.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this standard is to provide reliable and repeatable compression test methods for the evaluation of helmets used in law enforcement, corrections, and military applications.  
4.2 It is anticipated that this standard will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users in order to meet their specific needs. Those users will specify which test methods apply and will specify any performance categories or levels.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard provides test methods for assessing compression resistance of helmets worn by military, law enforcement, and corrections personnel. These test methods are applicable for many styles of helmet (that is, high-cut, mid-cut, full-cut).  
1.2 Three compression test methods are included: (1) top-to-bottom, (2) side-to-side, and (3) front-to-back.  
1.3 It is anticipated that this standard will be referenced by suppliers, certifiers, purchasers, or other users to meet their specific needs. Those users will specify, in other standards and specifications, which test methods and conditioning procedures are applicable and will specify any performance categories or levels.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this standard is to provide reliable and repeatable compression test methods for the evaluation of helmets used in law enforcement, corrections, and military applications.  
4.2 It is anticipated that this standard will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users in order to meet their specific needs. Those users will specify which test methods apply and will specify any performance categories or levels.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard provides test methods for assessing compression resistance of helmets worn by military, law enforcement, and corrections personnel. These test methods are applicable for many styles of helmet (that is, high-cut, mid-cut, full-cut).  
1.2 Three compression test methods are included: (1) top-to-bottom, (2) side-to-side, and (3) front-to-back.  
1.3 It is anticipated that this standard will be referenced by suppliers, certifiers, purchasers, or other users to meet their specific needs. Those users will specify, in other standards and specifications, which test methods and conditioning procedures are applicable and will specify any performance categories or levels.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 U.S. Department of Defense and U.S. Department of Justice standards and specifications may require these test methods for assessing the penetration resistance and backface deformation of ballistic-resistant helmets and face shields.  
5.2 These test methods may be used by private-sector and government laboratories, manufacturers, research and development organizations, and others assessing the ballistic resistance of helmets and face shields or performing research and development of new materials.  
5.3 It is intended that these test methods will be referenced by other standards and specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods describe the tests for ballistic-resistant head protection which consists of helmets and face shields. Test methods address backface deformation, resistance to penetration, and ballistic limit. It is anticipated that these test methods will be referenced by purchasers or other users in specifications or performance standards for helmets in order to meet the user’s specific needs.
Note 1: ISO/IEC 17025 specifies the general requirements for the competence to carry out tests or calibrations, or both. It covers testing and calibration performed using standard methods, non-standard methods, and laboratory-developed methods.  
1.2 These test methods do not address eye protection other than ballistic-resistant face shields that are attached to the helmet.  
1.3 These test methods do not specify performance criteria or usages of the test results.  
1.4 These test methods include procedures for conditioning of test items prior to ballistic testing.  
1.5 In these test methods, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of these test methods. Purchasers and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications,” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of these test methods.  
1.5.1 Other standards and specifications will specify and describe the ballistic test threats to be used.  
1.6 Units—Values stated in either the International System of Units (metric) or U.S. Customary units (inch-pound) are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents. Both units are referenced to facilitate acquisition of materials internationally and minimize fabrication costs. Tests conducted using either system maintain repeatability and reproducibility of the test method and results are comparable.  
1.7 If there is a discrepancy between these test methods and a user supplied document, the user supplied document takes precedence.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum requirements for the design, performance, testing, and certification of air-purifying respiratory protective smoke escape devices for immediate emergency evacuation without entry/re-entry.  
1.2 The purpose of this specification shall be to provide minimum requirements for respiratory protective escape devices that provide limited protection for 15 min for escape from the by-products of fire, including particulate matter, carbon monoxide, other toxic gases, and the effects of radiant heat.  
1.3 The requirements of this specification specify an air-purifying respiratory protective escape device with a laboratory-tested 15-min service life intended to provide head, eye, and respiratory protection from particulate matter, irritants, and toxic gases and vapors commonly produced by fire.  
1.4 Controlled laboratory tests that are used to determine compliance with the performance requirements of this specification shall not be deemed as establishing performance levels for all situations to which individuals can be exposed.  
1.5 This specification shall not apply to the requirements for provision, installation, or use of air-purifying respiratory protective smoke escape devices.  
1.6 This specification shall not apply to respiratory protective escape devices intended for use in circumstances in which an oxygen deficiency (oxygen less than 19.5 % by volume) exists or might exist.  
1.7 This specification is not intended to be used as a detailed manufacturing or purchase specification, but shall be permitted to be referenced as a minimum requirement in purchase specifications.  
1.8 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification specifies requirements for ballistic-resistant barriers to be used in homeland security or public safety applications for protection against complete penetration of projectiles from small arms2. The purpose of this specification is to define baseline performance for ballistic-resistant barriers.  
1.2 Items covered by this specification may be rigid or flexible barriers of uniform ballistic layup that are either temporarily or permanently installed. Examples of products include cubicle partitions; non-structural barriers; security checkpoint barriers; and barriers installed in judges’ benches, school safe rooms, and service counters.  
1.2.1 This specification addresses two configurations of barriers: (1) stand-alone and (2) in conjunction.  
1.2.2 This specification does not address items having viewports.  
1.2.3 This specification is not intended to address architectural products covered by ASTM Committee F12 and F33, such as building materials and security glazing.  
1.3 This specification defines ballistic performance categories, and the supplier shall declare the ballistic performance category(ies) for testing to this specification.  
1.4 This specification requires both Resistance to Penetration (RTP) Testing and Ballistic Limit (V50) Testing.  
1.4.1 In addition to the required tests, an optional test with specific temperature conditions is provided that allows testing beyond the minimum requirements of this specification. See Appendix X1. Statements of conformance with this specification shall not include any optional tests unless the optional test is conducted, and the results are included in the test report.  
1.5 This specification requires testing of ballistic-resistant barriers in one of the following two ways:  
1.5.1 Stand-alone Products—Test items shall be shoot packs, armor coupons, or actual products mounted in a test fixture with air backing.  
1.5.2 In Conjunction Products—Test items shall be actual products mounted in the intended use configuration, including mounting hardware and any materials expected to be in front of and behind the product.  
1.6 It is anticipated that this specification will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users to meet their specific needs.  
1.7 Selection and procurement guidance is provided in Appendix X2 to assist purchasers in using this specification.  
1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.8.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this specification is to provide standardized methods for preparation and verification of backing assemblies used in ballistic-resistant torso body armor testing and to reduce variability within and between laboratories.  
1.2 The backing assembly is a clay block that contains ROMA Plastilina No. 1®2 clay as the backing material. The clay serves as a witness material and provides a measurable indication of test item performance.  
1.3 This specification identifies two clay-verification impactors that may be used: (1) cylindrical and (2) spherical. Purchasers and other users will specify the clay-verification impactor to be used.  
1.4 This specification is primarily directed toward test laboratories but may be applicable to body armor manufacturers, researchers, and end users performing ballistic-resistance testing of body armor.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to non-SI units that are provided for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 U.S. Department of Defense and U.S. Department of Justice standards and specifications require assessing the penetration resistance and backface deformation of ballistic-resistant body armor.  
5.2 This test method may be used by private-sector and government laboratories, manufacturers, research and development organizations, and others assessing the ballistic resistance of body armor or performing research and development of new materials.  
5.3 It is intended that this test method be referenced by other standards, specifications, or test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method addresses resistance to ballistic penetration and to backface deformation (BFD) for ballistic-resistant torso body armor and shoot packs.  
1.2 This test method is intended for testing of soft body armor, hard armor plates, in conjunction with armor, and shoot packs mounted on a clay block as the backing assembly.
Note 1: This test method does not apply to ballistic helmets, inserts, trauma packs, trauma plates, or accessories.  
1.3 The test method does not specify performance criteria or usage of the test results.  
1.4 This test method does not address conditioning of test items.  
1.5 It is anticipated that this test method will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users in order to meet their specific needs.  
1.5.1 Purchasers and other users will specify the ballistic test threats to be used. Within this test method, the reference defining the ballistic test threats is called the “test threats document.”  
1.5.2 In this test method, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this test method. Purchasers and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this test method.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 It is anticipated that this practice will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, and other users in order to meet their specific needs. Those users will specify which conditioning procedures are applicable.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice applies to the conditioning of hard armor test items prior to ballistic resistance testing. Hard armor is an item of personal protective equipment that is constructed of rigid materials and is intended to protect the wearer from threats that may include ballistic threats, stabbing, fragmentation, or blunt impact, or combinations thereof. (Terminology E3005.) Hard armor is also referred to as hard armor plate and plate.
Note—Ballistic resistance testing is not covered in this practice.  
1.2 This practice describes requirements for subjecting test items to conditions intended to assess the capability of the test item to withstand environmental conditions that induce responses similar to those that might result from conditions encountered during use. This practice includes the conditioning procedures listed below:
(1) Controlled ambient conditioning procedure,
(2) Thermal/temperature shock procedure,
(3) Temperature extremes procedure,
(4) Weathering procedure,
(5) Fluid exposure procedure,
(6) Altitude exposure procedure,
(7) Vibration conditioning procedure,
(8) Impact Durability pre-conditioning,
(9) Impact Durability procedure for torso front and back plates, and
(10) Impact Durability procedure for other plates (that is, other than torso front and back plates).  
1.3 The user of this practice shall determine which conditioning procedures apply.
Note—This practice may not be applicable to all types of hard armor.  
1.4 In this practice, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this practice. Purchasers and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this practice.  
1.5 This practice does not address pass/fail requirements for test items subjected to these procedures.  
1.6 This practice does not address visual inspections or radiographic inspections of test items that may be required prior to or following conditioning.
Note—It is recommended that a thorough visual examination of each test item prior to and after the exposures be performed to document any change in physical appearance resulting from the exposure.  
1.7 This practice does not address subsequent conditioning or testing of test items.  
1.8 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.8.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 It is anticipated that this practice will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, and other users in order to meet their specific needs. Those users will specify which conditioning procedures are applicable.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice applies to the conditioning of hard armor test items prior to ballistic resistance testing. Hard armor is an item of personal protective equipment that is constructed of rigid materials and is intended to protect the wearer from threats that may include ballistic threats, stabbing, fragmentation, or blunt impact, or combinations thereof. (Terminology E3005.) Hard armor is also referred to as hard armor plate and plate.
Note—Ballistic resistance testing is not covered in this practice.  
1.2 This practice describes requirements for subjecting test items to conditions intended to assess the capability of the test item to withstand environmental conditions that induce responses similar to those that might result from conditions encountered during use. This practice includes the conditioning procedures listed below:
(1) Controlled ambient conditioning procedure,
(2) Thermal/temperature shock procedure,
(3) Temperature extremes procedure,
(4) Weathering procedure,
(5) Fluid exposure procedure,
(6) Altitude exposure procedure,
(7) Vibration conditioning procedure,
(8) Impact Durability pre-conditioning,
(9) Impact Durability procedure for torso front and back plates, and
(10) Impact Durability procedure for other plates (that is, other than torso front and back plates).  
1.3 The user of this practice shall determine which conditioning procedures apply.
Note—This practice may not be applicable to all types of hard armor.  
1.4 In this practice, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this practice. Purchasers and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this practice.  
1.5 This practice does not address pass/fail requirements for test items subjected to these procedures.  
1.6 This practice does not address visual inspections or radiographic inspections of test items that may be required prior to or following conditioning.
Note—It is recommended that a thorough visual examination of each test item prior to and after the exposures be performed to document any change in physical appearance resulting from the exposure.  
1.7 This practice does not address subsequent conditioning or testing of test items.  
1.8 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.8.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this specification is to provide a standardized method for preparation and verification of backing assemblies used in ballistic-resistant torso body armor testing and to reduce variability within and between laboratories.  
1.2 The backing assembly is a clay block that contains ROMA Plastilina No. 1®2 clay as the backing material. The clay serves as a witness material and provides a measurable indication of test item performance.  
1.3 This specification is primarily directed toward test laboratories but may be applicable to body armor manufacturers, researchers, and end users performing ballistic-resistance testing of body armor.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to non-SI units that are provided for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 U.S. Department of Defense and U.S. Department of Justice standards require ballistic limit determination for assessing the performance of ballistic-resistant body armor.  
5.2 This test method may be used by private-sector and government laboratories, manufacturers, research and development organizations, and others assessing the ballistic resistance of body armor or performing research and development of new materials.  
5.3 It is intended that this test method be referenced by other standards, specifications, and test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method addresses the collection of ballistic limit data for ballistic-resistant torso body armor and shoot packs.  
1.2 This test method is intended for testing of soft body armor, hard armor plates, and shoot packs. This test method does not apply to ballistic helmets.  
1.3 This test method describes procedures for collecting data and does not specify computation or performance criteria for the ballistic limit. Instructions for computation and performance criteria are specified in other standards and specifications.  
1.4 Several commonly used test item mounting procedures and ballistic limit procedures are included in this test method; certifiers, purchasers, and other users will specify the procedures to be used.  
1.5 This test method does not address conditioning of test items.  
1.6 It is anticipated that this test method will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, or other users to meet their specific needs.  
1.6.1 Certifier, purchasers, and other users will specify and describe the ballistic test threats to be used. Within this test method, the reference will be called the “test threats document.”  
1.6.2 Certifiers, purchasers, and other users will provide specific instructions for the determination of complete penetrations or partial penetrations.  
1.6.3 In this test method, “other standards and specifications” and “unless specified elsewhere” refer to documents (for example, military standards, purchase specifications) that require the use of this test method. Certifiers, purchasers, and other users are responsible for the “other standards and specifications” and for specifying any requirements that supersede those of this test method.  
1.7 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.7.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 The scope of this terminology is to provide a standard terminology for body armor providing protection against ballistic threats, stabbing, fragmentation, blunt impact, or a combination of threats.  
1.2 The intent of this terminology is to have terms, abbreviations, and formulas that are applicable across federal agencies, law enforcement and corrections agencies, testing and certification bodies, and manufacturers.  
1.2.1 The terminology is kept general herein and should be defined more specifically as needed within individual test methods or other standards.  
1.3 This terminology is not intended to describe test methods or performance requirements for body armor.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.