ASTM D7281-07(2021)

Standard Test Method for Determining Water Migration Resistance Through Roof Membranes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a means of evaluating roof membranes, seams, and laps for resistance to water migration from standing water on the roof. This test method evaluates roof membranes when first applied and also after simulated deterioration caused by the ultraviolet energy of the sun.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of water migration resistance of roof membranes including built-up roof membranes, modified bitumen, and single-ply roof membranes. The procedures were developed to determine the potential for leakage of water through the roof membranes resulting from a standing head of water and when pressurized with air from the underside.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2021
• ICS: 91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
• Technical Committee: D08 - Roofing and Waterproofing
• Drafting Committee: D08.20 - Roofing Membrane Systems

Relations

• Refers: ASTM G154-12 - Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Refers: ASTM G154-06 - Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatus for UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
• Effective Date: 05-Jun-2006
• Refers: ASTM G154-04 - Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatus for UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2004
• Refers: ASTM G154-00a - Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatus for UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2000
• Refers: ASTM G154-00 - Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatus for UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2000
• Refers: ASTM G154-00ae1 - Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatus for UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7281 − 07 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Water Migration Resistance Through Roof
Membranes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7281; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 batten—a narrow band or plate that is used to fasten or
prevent the displacement of a single-ply membrane.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of water
3.1.3 delamination—separation between lamination or
migration resistance of roof membranes including built-up roof
bonded material or component; for example, laminated layers
membranes, modified bitumen, and single-ply roof mem-
of rigid insulation or the felt plies in a built-up roof.
branes. The procedures were developed to determine the
potential for leakage of water through the roof membranes
3.1.4 field seam—a splice made in the field of a single-ply
resulting from a standing head of water and when pressurized
membrane that joins two sheets together using an adhesive,
with air from the underside.
splicing tape, heat, or solvent-welding.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.5 mechanically fastened membranes—a single ply or
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
base ply (part of a multi-layer system) membrane that has been
only.
positively attached at intervals to the substrate, usually with
fasteners and/or other mechanical devices, such as battens.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.6 NPT—National Pipe Thread.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Roofing membranes are conditioned and installed in the
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- leakage test apparatus (Fig. 1).A152-mm (6-in.) head of water
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
is maintained over the sample for seven days at ambient
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the conditions, 21 °C (70 °F). At the end of the seven-day period,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
air shall be introduced into the bottom section of the apparatus,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
increasing the pressure to 6.9 kPa (1 psig) and immediately
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
released to ambient conditions.This cycle is repeated 25 times.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 This test method provides a means of evaluating roof
G154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV)
membranes, seams, and laps for resistance to water migration
Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
from standing water on the roof. This test method evaluates
roof membranes when first applied and also after simulated
3. Terminology
deterioration caused by the ultraviolet energy of the sun.
3.1 Definitions:
6. Apparatus
3.1.1 adhere—to cause two surfaces to be held together by
adhesion. Roof membranes are often “partially” or “totally
6.1 The test apparatus consists of top section, a support
adhered” to a substrate.
plate, and a bottom section, which are clamped together with
the sample being evaluated placed as a diaphragm between the
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofing
top sections and the support plate.
and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.20 on
6.1.1 The top section consists of a 203-mm (8-in.) diameter,
Roofing Membrane Systems.
6-mm ( ⁄4-in.) wall thickness by 203-mm (8-in.) length of clear
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally
acrylic pipe, which is cemented to a 305-mm (12-in.) diameter
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7281 – 07 (2013).
DOI: 10.1520/D7281-07R21.
flange.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.1.2 The support plate is a round poly(vinyl chloride) plate,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
1 1
6-mm ( ⁄4-in.) thick and a 241-mm (9 ⁄2-in.) diameter with
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 6-mm ( ⁄4-in.) diameter holes spaced 25 mm (1 in.) on center.
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D7281 − 07 (2021)
FIG. 1 Leakage Test Apparatus
6.1.3 The bottom section consists of a 305-mm (12-in.) be increased and released; the other hole provides a connection
diamet
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