ASTM D1739-98(2004)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Collection and Measurement of Dustfall (Settleable Particulate Matter)
Standard Test Method for Collection and Measurement of Dustfall (Settleable Particulate Matter)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method has the advantage of extreme simplicity. It is a crude and non-specific test method, but it is useful in the study of long-term trends. It requires very little investment in equipment and can be carried out without a large technically-skilled staff.
This test method is useful for obtaining samples of settleable particulate matter for further chemical analysis (1)5 .
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for collection of dustfall and its measurement. This test method is not appropriate for determination of the dustfall rate in small areas affected by specific sources. This test method describes determination of both water-soluble and insoluble particulate matter.
1.2 This test method is inappropriate for industrial hygiene use except where other more specific methods are also used.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D1739–98 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Test Method for
Collection and Measurement of Dustfall (Settleable
Particulate Matter)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1739; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for collection of 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
dustfall and its measurement. This test method is not appro- method, refer to Terminology D1356.An explanation of units,
priate for determination of the dustfall rate in small areas symbols, and conversion factors may be found in Practice
affected by specific sources. This test method describes deter- E380.
mination of both water-soluble and insoluble particulate mat- 3.2 Definition of Terms Specific to This Standard:
ter. 3.2.1 settleable particulate material—any material com-
1.2 This test method is inappropriate for industrial hygiene posed of particles small enough to pass through a 1-mm screen
use except where other more specific methods are also used. (see Specification E11) and large enough to settle by virtue of
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as their weight into the container from the ambient air.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4. Summary of Test Method
standard.
4.1 Containersofastandardsizeandshapearepreparedand
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the sealed in a laboratory and then opened and set up at appropri-
ately chosen sites so that particulate matter can settle into them
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- for periods of about 30 days. The containers are then closed
and returned to the laboratory.The masses of the water-soluble
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and -insoluble components of the material collected are deter-
2. Referenced Documents
mined. The results are reported as grams per square metre per
2.1 ASTM Standards: 30 days g/(m·30d).
B57 Discontinued 1942; Specification for Copper-Alloy
3 5. Significance and Use
Condenser Tube Plates; Replaced by B 171
5.1 This test method has the advantage of extreme simplic-
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of ity. It is a crude and non-specific test method, but it is useful in
the study of long-term trends. It requires very little investment
Atmospheres
E11 SpecificationforWovenWireTestSieveClothandTest in equipment and can be carried out without a large
technically-skilled staff.
Sieves
E380 Practice for the Use of the International System of 5.2 This test method is useful for obtaining samples of
4 5
settleable particulate matter for further chemical analysis (1) .
Units (SI) (the Modernized Metric System)
6. Interferences
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on
6.1 The results from this test method are obtained by
Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
weighings.Any material that gets into the container and passes
mittee D22.03 on Ambient Atmospheres and Source Emissions.
Current edition approved October 1, 2004. Published December 2004. Originally through the sieve used in analysis, but which did not settle into
approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D1739 - 98. DOI:
the container after air entrainment can be considered an
10.1520/D1739-98R04.
interferent.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
on www.astm.org. The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of
Withdrawn. Replaced by IEEE/ASTM SI 10. this test method.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D1739–98 (2004)
7. Apparatus
7.1 Container—An open-topped cylinder not less than 150
mm [6 in.] in diameter with height not less than twice its
diameter. Containers should be made of stainless steel or
weatherproof plastic. They shall be capable of accepting
legible, weatherproof, identification markings. A tight-fitting
lid is needed for each container.
7.2 Stand, for the container, which will hold the top of the
container at a height of 2 m above ground. It will also include
a wind shield constructed in accordance with Figs. 1 and 2.
Experiments reported in Kohler and Fleck (2) indicate that
much better precision is obtained when this simple aerody-
namic shield is provided, and that there is a wide variability in
the concentration of particles subject to settling at heights of
less than 2 m.
7.3 Sieve, 1 mm (No. 18), stainless steel.
7.4 Drying Oven, with temperature controlled at 105°C.
7.5 Buchner Funnel, and 2 L filtering flask.
FIG.2PlanViewofWindShield
7.6 Filter Paper, fast filtering type, circles to fit the Buchner
funnel.
9.1.1.1 These recommendations are a guide to the selection
7.7 Evaporating Dishes, 100-mL capacity, capable of being
unambiguously identified. of a site. In cases where these guidelines cannot be followed,
results should only be presented accompanied by an appropri-
7.8 Desiccators.
7.9 Analytical Balance, to weigh with a precision of 60.1 ate caveat.
9.1.1.2 The sampling site should be in an open area, free of
mg.
7.10 Flexible Spatula. structureshigherthan1mwithina20-mradiusofthecontainer
stand. It should be away from local sources of pollution and
7.11 Crate, or frame in which to carry the containers.
7.12 Graduated Cylinder, 1 L capacity, whose graduations objects that could affect the settling of particulate matter, such
astrees,andairexhaustsandintakes.Accessibilityandsecurity
have been checked for calibration accuracy, 65 mL, using, for
example, volumetric flasks or pipettes. from vandalism are major considerations in the selection of a
site.
8. Reagents 9.1.1.3 Elevations to higher objects within 20 m should not
exceed 30° from the horizontal.
8.1 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, reference
9.1.1.4 Open areas around police and fire stations and
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined
libraries are often suitable because of their accessibility and
by Type II of Specification D1193.
security.
9.1.1.5 Avoid sitting the containers near chimneys. When-
9. Sampling
ever possible, the sampling site shall be more than ten
9.1 Sites (3, 4); for general sampling strategy, see Specifi-
stack-lengths from an operating stack and upwind from it in
cations B57.
accordance with the most frequent wind direction.
9.1.1 Location:
NOTE 1—Do not assume that stacks are unused without making direct
inquiry.
9.1.2 Number of Sites (5)—For each region to be surveyed,
a minimum of four sampling sites shall be provided, to allow
for rejected samples and to provide some evidence for quality
assurance checks.An orderly spacing of the stations should be
made approximately at the vertices of an equilateral triangular
grid.Theavailabilityofstaffwilloftenbeaconstrainingfactor,
but it is suggested that the spacing between sites be between 5
and 8 km.
9.1.3 Site Records—A file which will contain physical
information specific to each site, such as the approximate
elevation above sea level, map co-ordinates, and so forth,
should be maintained for each site. It should include a detailed
description, or photographs of the container stand that include
its surroundings. Also included should be photographs or
detailed descriptions of the surrounding area in the four
FIG. 1 Wind Shield for Dustfall Container compass point directions from the container stand. Unusual
D1739–98 (2004)
activities occurring in the neighborhood of the site that emit water to it to bring the volume of liquid up to about 200 mL.
large amounts of particulate matter into the air should be Swirl the water around to entrain the settled particulate matter.
recorded in the site file. Such events are fires, construction and Use a clean flexible spatula rinsed with reagent water to swab
demolition work, traffic diversions, and so forth. Records of down the walls of the container and ensure that all the
these events will greatly increase the value of the data gathered particulate matter is freed from the walls and bottom of the
fromthistestmethod.Recordsofrainandsnowfallforthesites container. Pour the liquid and entrained particulate matter into
may also be helpful in interpreting the results from this test the filter funnel through the No. 18 sieve. The filtrate collected
method. in the flask will be used later for determination of soluble
9.2 Preparation of the Containers—Thoroughly clean the matter.
containers and lids, using detergent solution. Rinse the con- 10.2.4 Measure and record the volume of the filtrate in the
tainers twice with reagent water. The containers should be graduatedcylinderandretainitfordeterminationofthesoluble
sealed with their lids, labelled with identification numbers, and material. Rinse the container with approximately 100 mL of
placed in the rack or crate. reagent water and transfer any solid material remaining in the
9.3 Sample Collection: container to the filter through the sieve, using the flexible
9.3.1 Set out the containers at the sites. Record the date, spatula if necessary. Discard the filtrate from the rinsing and
t
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