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ASTM D4169-04

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems

Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems

SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides a uniform basis of evaluating, in a laboratory, the ability of shipping units to withstand the distribution environment. This is accomplished by subjecting them to a test plan consisting of a sequence of anticipated hazard elements encountered in various distribution cycles. This practice is not intended to supplant material specifications or existing preshipment test procedures.
1.2 The suitability of this practice for use with hazardous materials has not been determined.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 1.1.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2004
ICS
55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
Technical Committee
D10 - Packaging
Drafting Committee
D10.21 - Shipping Containers and Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4169-01e1 - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D4169-04a - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems
Effective Date
01-Oct-2004
Referred By
ASTM E1133-86(2022) - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Packaged Laboratory Apparatus for United States Government Procurements
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM E921-97(2022) - Standard Specification for Export Packaged Laboratory Apparatus
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM D3951-18 - Standard Practice for Commercial Packaging
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM D6254/D6254M-20 - Standard Specification for Wirebound Pallet-Type Wood Boxes
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM F2097-20 - Standard Guide for Design and Evaluation of Primary Flexible Packaging for Medical Products
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM D5331-03(2016) - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Mechanical Handling of Unitized Loads Secured with Stretch Wrap Films
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM D4279-95(2022) - Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers—Constant and Cycle Methods
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM A700-14(2019) - Standard Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM D4728-17(2022) - Standard Test Method for Random Vibration Testing of Shipping Containers
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM D6256/D6256M-16 - Standard Specification for Wood-Cleated Shipping Boxes with Skidded, Load-Bearing Bases
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM D5118/D5118M-22 - Standard Practice for Fabrication of Fiberboard Shipping Boxes
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM D1974/D1974M-22 - Standard Practice for Methods of Closing, Sealing, and Reinforcing Fiberboard Boxes
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM D6251/D6251M-19 - Standard Specification for Wood-Cleated Panelboard Shipping Boxes
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004

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ASTM D4169-04 - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and SystemsASTM D4169-04 - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems
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ASTM D4169-04 - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4169 – 04
Standard Practice for
1
Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4169; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D 4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
Packaging Components for Testing
1.1 This practice provides a uniform basis of evaluating, in
D 4728 Test Method for Random Vibration Testing of
a laboratory, the ability of shipping units to withstand the
Shipping Containers
distribution environment. This is accomplished by subjecting
D 5276 Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers by
them to a test plan consisting of a sequence of anticipated
Free Fall
hazard elements encountered in various distribution cycles.
D 5277 Test Method for Performing Programmed Horizon-
This practice is not intended to supplant material specifications
tal Impacts Using an Inclined Tester
or existing preshipment test procedures.
D 5487 Test Method for Simulated Drop of Loaded Con-
1.2 The suitability of this practice for use with hazardous
tainers by Shock Machines
materials has not been determined.
D 6055 Test Methods for Mechanical Handling of Unitized
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Loads and Large Shipping Cases and Crates
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D 6179 Test Methods for Rough Handling of Unitized
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Loads and Large Shipping Cases and Crates
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3
2.2 Military Standards:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
MIL-STD-2073-1 DOD Standard Practice for Military
tionary statements are given in 1.1.
Packaging
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 Definitions— General definitions for the packaging and
D 642 Test Method for Determining Compressive Resis-
distribution environments are found in Terminology D 996.
tance of Shipping Containers, Components, and Unit
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Loads
3.2.1 acceptance criteria—the acceptable quality level that
D 880 Test Method for Impact Testing for Shipping Con-
must be met after the shipping unit has been subjected to the
tainers and Systems
test plan. See Section 7.
D 951 Test Method for Water Resistance of Shipping Con-
3.2.2 assurance level—the level of test intensity based on
tainers by Spray Method
its probability of occurring in a typical distribution cycle.
D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
3.2.2.1 Discussion—Level I is a high level of test intensity
ments
and has a low probability of occurrence. Level III is a low level
D 999 Test Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping
of test intensity, but has a correspondingly high probability of
Containers
occurrence. Level II is between these extremes. For Distribu-
D 4003 Methods of Programmable Horizontal Impact Test
tion Cycle 18, DC-18 see MIL–STD–2073–1 for definitions of
for Shipping Containers
military levels of protection.
3.2.3 coeffıcient of restitution—the ratio of the rebound
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packaging
velocity to the impact velocity.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on Shipping Containers and
3.2.4 distribution cycle (DC)—the sequential listing of the
Systems-Application of Performance Test Methods.
test schedules employed to simulate the hazard elements
Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originally
e1
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 4169-01 .
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
the ASTM website. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D4169–04
expected to occur for a specific routing of a shipping unit from 4.2 For Distribution Cycle 18, as referred to in MIL-
production to consumption. See Table
...

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SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers flat steel strapping and seals intended for use in closing, reinforcing, bundling articles for shipment, unitizing, palletizing, and bracing for carloading, truckloading, lifting, and lashing.  
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ASTM D4279-95(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers—Constant and Cycle Methods

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4.1 These test methods are normally used for the following purposes:  
4.1.1 To evaluate materials and constructions for a specific type of container,  
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4.1.4 To maintain quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of water vapor transmission rates for bulk shipping containers, as follows:  
1.1.1 Method A, for Reclosable Containers, and  
1.1.2 Method B, for Containers Not Designed for Reclosing.  
1.2 Within each procedure details are given for the constant and cycle methods of test atmosphere.  
1.3 The test may be applied to the container as packed, or after one or more performance tests such as drum (Method D782), vibration (Methods D999), drop (Test Method D5276), impact resistance (Test Methods D880, D4003, and D5277), or performance tests (Practice D4169), as required.  
1.4 For small shipping containers requiring greater accuracy in weighing, the water vapor transmission may be determined in accordance with Test Method D895 or Test Method D1251.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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ASTM D5168-22(Practice)
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4.1 Triple-wall corrugated fiberboard containers are used to unitize products into containers of size and shape suitable for manual or mechanical handling and to protect the contents against environmental, handling, shipping, and storage conditions.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the fabrication and closure of new triple-wall corrugated fiberboard containers.  
1.2 This practice indicates the factors and components that must be controlled in the manufacture of triple-wall fiberboard containers.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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