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ASTM F104-03(2009)

(Classification)

Standard Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Materials

Standard Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This classification is intended to encourage uniformity in reporting properties; to provide a common language for communications between suppliers and consumers; to guide engineers and designers in the test methods commonly used for commercially available materials; and to be versatile enough to cover new materials and test methods as they are introduced.
It is based on the principle that nonmetallic gasket materials should be described, insofar as is possible, in terms of specific physical and mechanical characteristics, and that an infinite number of such descriptions can be formulated by use of one or more standard statements based on standard tests. Therefore, users of gasket materials can, by selecting different combinations of statements, specify different combinations of properties desired in various parts. Suppliers, likewise, can report properties available in their respective products.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification system provides a means for specifying or describing pertinent properties of commercial nonmetallic gasket materials. Materials composed of asbestos, cork, cellulose, and other organic or inorganic materials in combination with various binders or impregnants are included. Materials normally classified as rubber compounds are not included, since they are covered in Classification D2000. Gasket coatings are not covered, since details thereof are intended to be given on engineering drawings or in separate specifications. While the facing materials for laminate composite gasket materials (LCGM) are included in Classification System F104, materials normally classified as LCGM are not covered since they are included in Classification F868.
1.2 Since all of the properties that contribute to gasket performance are not included, use of the classification system as a basis for selecting materials is limited.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2009
ICS
23.100.60 - Filters, seals and contamination of fluids
73.080 - Non-metalliferous minerals
Technical Committee
F03 - Gaskets
Drafting Committee
F03.30 - Classification
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F104-03 - Standard Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Materials
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Replaced By
ASTM F104-11 - Standard Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Materials
Effective Date
01-Apr-2011
Referred By
ASTM F1315-17 - Standard Test Method for Density of a Sheet Gasket Material
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM F3215-22 - Standard Specification for Food Waste Dehydrators
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM F3149-15(2021) - Standard Practice for Determining the Maintenance Factor (<emph type="bdit">m</emph >) and Yield Factor (<emph type="bdit">y</emph>) Loading Constants Applicable to Gasket Materials and Designs
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM F1150-22 - Standard Specification for Commercial Food Waste Pulper and Waterpress Assembly
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM D3512/D3512M-22 - Standard Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Random Tumble Pilling Tester
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM F152-95(2017) - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Nonmetallic Gasket Materials
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM F146-12(2019)e1 - Standard Test Methods for Fluid Resistance of Gasket Materials
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM F607-03(2019) - Standard Test Method for Adhesion of Gasket Materials to Metal Surfaces
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM F806-99a(2017) - Standard Test Method for Compressibility and Recovery of Laminated Composite Gasket Materials
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM F1718-01(2019) - Standard Specification for Rotary Positive Displacement Distillate Fuel Pumps
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM F147-87(2017) - Standard Test Method for Flexibility of Non-Metallic Gasket Materials
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM F1510-21 - Standard Specification for Rotary Positive Displacement Pumps, Ships Use
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM F1899-14a(2019) - Standard Specification for Food Waste Pulper Without Waterpress Assembly
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009

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ASTM F104-03(2009) - Standard Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket MaterialsASTM F104-03(2009) - Standard Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Materials
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ASTM F104-03(2009) - Standard Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Materials
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F104 – 03 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Classification System for
1
Nonmetallic Gasket Materials
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF104;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Auto-
2 motive Applications
1.1 This classification system provides a means for speci-
E11 SpecificationforWovenWireTestSieveClothandTest
fying or describing pertinent properties of commercial nonme-
Sieves
tallic gasket materials. Materials composed of asbestos, cork,
F36 Test Method for Compressibility and Recovery of
cellulose, and other organic or inorganic materials in combi-
Gasket Materials
nation with various binders or impregnants are included.
F37 Test Methods for Sealability of Gasket Materials
Materials normally classified as rubber compounds are not
F38 Test Methods for Creep Relaxation of a Gasket Mate-
included, since they are covered in Classification D2000.
rial
Gasket coatings are not covered, since details thereof are
F146 TestMethodsforFluidResistanceofGasketMaterials
intended to be given on engineering drawings or in separate
F147 Test Method for Flexibility of Non-Metallic Gasket
specifications.Whilethefacingmaterialsforlaminatecompos-
Materials
ite gasket materials (LCGM) are included in Classification
F148 Test Method for Binder Durability of Cork Composi-
System F104, materials normally classified as LCGM are not
tion Gasket Materials
covered since they are included in Classification F868.
F152 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Nonmetallic
1.2 Since all of the properties that contribute to gasket
Gasket Materials
performance are not included, use of the classification system
F433 Practice for Evaluating Thermal Conductivity of Gas-
as a basis for selecting materials is limited.
ket Materials
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
F607 Test Method for Adhesion of Gasket Materials to
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
Metal Surfaces
only.
F868 Classification for Laminated Composite Gasket Ma-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
terials
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
G21 Practice for Determining Resistance of Synthetic Poly-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
meric Materials to Fungi
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents 3.1 This classification is intended to encourage uniformity
2 in reporting properties; to provide a common language for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
communications between suppliers and consumers; to guide
engineersanddesignersinthetestmethodscommonlyusedfor
commerciallyavailablematerials;andtobeversatileenoughto
1
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F03 on
cover new materials and test methods as they are introduced.
Gaskets and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F03.30 on Classification.
3.2 It is based on the principle that nonmetallic gasket
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published March 2010. Originally
materialsshouldbedescribed,insofarasispossible,intermsof
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F104 – 03. DOI:
10.1520/F0104-03R09.
specific physical and mechanical characteristics, and that an
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
infinite number of such descriptions can be formulated by use
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
of one or more standard statements based on standard tests.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Therefore, users of gasket materials can, by selecting different
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F104 – 03 (2009)
combinations of statements, specify different combinations of sheets are used, they shall, where applicable, be cut squarely
properties desired in various parts. Suppliers, likewise, can with the grain of the stock, and the grain direction shall be
report properties available in their respective products. noted by an arrow. If finished gaskets are used, the dimensions
of sample and any variations from method must be reported.
4. Basis of Classification
7.2 For qualification purposes, thickness shall be 0.8 mm
4.1 To permit “line call-out” of the
...

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Standard Test Methods for Fluid Resistance of Gasket Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide a standardized procedure to measure the effect of immersion in specified fluids under definite conditions of time and temperature. The results of these test methods are not intended to give any direct correlation with service conditions in view of the wide variations in temperature and special uses encountered in gasket applications. The specific test fluids and test conditions outlined were selected as typical for purposes of comparing different materials and can be used as a routine test when agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the effect on physical properties of nonmetallic gasketing materials after immersion in test fluids. The types of materials covered are Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 7 as described in Classification F104. These test methods are not applicable to the testing of vulcanized rubber, a procedure that is described in Test Method D471. It is designed for testing specimens cut from gasketing materials or from finished articles of commerce. These test methods may also be used as a pre-treatment for Multi-Layer Steel, MLS, or Metal Layer Gasket materials adhesion testing per Test Methods D3359. The pre-treatment of MLS or Metal Layer Gasket materials pertains only as a pre-cursor to the adhesion test. Other physical property tests described in this standard are not applicable to MLS or Metal Layer Gasket materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are for information only.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed to measure the chemical cure of the binder used in the manufacture of cork compositions. The results of this test method can be used only as a guide for its intended service in elevated temperature and environmental conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers three procedures for determination of the binder durability of cork-containing materials.  
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Standard Test Method for Adhesion of Gasket Materials to Metal Surfaces

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides terms such as megapascals or pounds-force per square inch of gasket surface for expressing the extent of adhesion applicable to all materials within the scope of Classification System F104. Under certain conditions, adhesion develops when gasket materials are confined in a compressed state between metal flanges. Adhesion is important as an index of ease of removal of a gasket material. Since other variables may enter into the performance in an application, the results obtained should be correlated with field results. A typical set of conditions is described in this test method. This test method may be used as an acceptance test when agreed upon between the user and the producer.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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4.2 These test methods are suitable for measuring leakage rates as high as 6 L/h and as low as 0.3 mL/h. In many cases, “zero” leakage may not be attainable.  
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SCOPE
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Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Nonmetallic Gasket Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are described in order to standardize procedures for determining the tensile strength of nonmetallic gasket materials. The measurement of this property characterizes various classes and grades of materials of a given type and in so doing, it will give the manufacturer a measurement of the quality of his product. It also will aid the purchaser of the gasketing materials to be able to determine whether the gasket material that he has approved for a given application is being manufactured in acceptable quality.  
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SCOPE
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Standard Practice for Evaluating Thermal Conductivity of Gasket Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is designed to compare related materials under controlled conditions and their ability to maintain a minimum amount of thermal conductance. Test results should be correlated with field results in order to predict heat transfer properties in particular applications.  
5.2 This practice may be used as a routine test when agreed upon by the user and the producer.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a means of measuring the amount of heat transfer quantitatively through a material or system.  
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1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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