ASTM D2837-02

Standard Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes two essentially equivalent procedures: one for obtaining a long-term hydrostatic strength category based on stress, referred to herein as the hydrostatic design basis (HDB); and the other for obtaining a long-term hydrostatic strength category based on pressure, referred to herein as the pressure design basis (PDB). The HDB is based on the material's long-term hydrostatic strength (LTHS),and the PDB is based on the product's long-term hydrostatic pressure-strength (LTHSP). The HDB is a material property and is obtained by evaluating stress rupture data derived from testing pipe made from the subject material. The PDB is a product specific property that reflects not only the properties of the material(s) from which the product is made, but also the influence on product strength by product design, geometry, and dimensions and by the specific method of manufacture. The PDB is obtained by evaluating pressure rupture data. The LTHS is determined by analyzing stress versus time-to-rupture (that is, stress-rupture) test data that cover a testing period of not less than 10 000 h and that are derived from sustained pressure testing of pipe made from the subject material. The data are analyzed by linear regression to yield a best-fit log-stress versus log time-to-fail straight-line equation. Using this equation, the material's mean strength at the 100 000-h intercept (LTHS) is determined by extrapolation. The resultant value of the LTHS determines the HDB strength category to which the material is assigned. The LTHSP is similarly determined except that the determination is based on pressure versus time data that are derived from a particular product. The categorized value of the LTHSP is the PDB. An HDB/PDB is one of a series of preferred long-term strength values. This test method is applicable to all known types of thermoplastic pipe materials and thermoplastic piping products. It is also applicable for any practical temperature and medium that yields stress-rupture data that exhibit an essentially straight-line relationship when plotted on log stress (pound-force per square inch) or log pressure (pound-force per square in. gage) versus log time-to-fail (hours) coordinates, and for which this straight-line relationship is expected to continue uninterrupted through at least 100 000 h.
1.2 Unless the experimentally obtained data approximate a straight line, when calculated using log-log coordinates, it is not possible to assign an HDB/PDB to the material. Data that exhibit high scatter or a "knee" (a downward shift, resulting in a subsequently steeper stress-rupture slope than indicated by the earlier data) but which meet the requirements of this test method tend to give a lower forecast of LTHS/LTHSP. In the case of data that exhibit excessive scatter or a pronounced "knee," the lower confidence limit requirements of this test method are not met and the data are classified as unsuitable for analysis.
1.3 A fundamental premise of this test method is that when the experimental data define a straight-line relationship in accordance with this test method's requirements, this straight line may be assumed to continue beyond the experimental period, through at least 100 000 h (the time intercept at which the material's LTHS/LTHSP is determined). In the case of polyethylene piping materials, this test method includes a supplemental requirement for the "validating" of this assumption. No such validation requirements are included for other materials (see Note 1). Therefore, in all these other cases, it is up to the user of this test method to determine based on outside information whether this test method is satisfactory for the forecasting of a material's LTHS/LTHS P for each particular combination of internal/external environments and temperature.
Note 1—Extensive long-term data that have been obtained on commercial pressure pipe grades of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polybutlene (PB), and cross ...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2002
• ICS: 23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.40 - Test Methods

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2837-01ae1 - Standard Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D2837-04 - Standard Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F2855-19 - Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)/Aluminum/Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC-AL-CPVC) Composite Pressure Tubing
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F2806-23 - Standard Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe (Metric SDR-PR)
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3350-21 - Standard Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fittings Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F1282-23a - Standard Specification for Polyethylene/Aluminum/Polyethylene (PE-AL-PE) Composite Pressure Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F2261-06(2023) - Standard Test Method for Pressure Rating Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40 and 80 Socket-Type
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F876-23 - Standard Specification for Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F3348-23a - Standard Specification for Plastic Press Insert Fittings with Factory Assembled Stainless Steel Press Sleeve for SDR9 Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing and SDR9 Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT) Tubing
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F2969-12(2020) - Standard Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) IPS Dimensioned Pressure Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D2513-20 - Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F3378/F3378M-22 - Standard Specification for Crosslinkable Polyethylene (CX-PE) Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F1483-23 - Standard Specification for Oriented Poly(Vinyl Chloride), PVCO, Pressure Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3139-19 - Standard Specification for Joints for Plastic Pressure Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F2769-23a - Standard Specification for Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT) Plastic Hot and Cold-Water Tubing and Distribution Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation:D2837–02
Standard Test Method for
Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe
Materials or Pressure Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe
1
Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2837; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope cable for any practical temperature and medium that yields
stress-rupture data that exhibit an essentially straight-line
1.1 This test method describes two essentially equivalent
relationshipwhenplottedonlogstress(pound-forcepersquare
procedures: one for obtaining a long-term hydrostatic strength
inch) or log pressure (pound-force per square in. gage) versus
category based on stress, referred to herein as the hydrostatic
logtime-to-fail(hours)coordinates,andforwhichthisstraight-
design basis (HDB); and the other for obtaining a long-term
line relationship is expected to continue uninterrupted through
hydrostatic strength category based on pressure, referred to
at least 100000 h.
herein as the pressure design basis (PDB). The HDB is based
1.2 Unless the experimentally obtained data approximate a
on the material’s long-term hydrostatic strength (LTHS),and
straight line, when calculated using log-log coordinates, it is
the PDB is based on the product’s long-term hydrostatic
not possible to assign an HDB/PDB to the material. Data that
pressure-strength (LTHS ). The HDB is a material property
P
exhibit high scatter or a “knee” (a downward shift, resulting in
and is obtained by evaluating stress rupture data derived from
a subsequently steeper stress-rupture slope than indicated by
testing pipe made from the subject material. The PDB is a
the earlier data) but which meet the requirements of this test
productspecificpropertythatreflectsnotonlythepropertiesof
method tend to give a lower forecast of LTHS/LTHS.Inthe
P
the material(s) from which the product is made, but also the
case of data that exhibit excessive scatter or a pronounced
influenceonproductstrengthbyproductdesign,geometry,and
“knee,” the lower confidence limit requirements of this test
dimensions and by the specific method of manufacture. The
methodarenotmetandthedataareclassifiedasunsuitablefor
PDB is obtained by evaluating pressure rupture data. The
analysis.
LTHS is determined by analyzing stress versus time-to-rupture
1.3 Afundamental premise of this test method is that when
(that is, stress-rupture) test data that cover a testing period of
the experimental data define a straight-line relationship in
not less than 10000 h and that are derived from sustained
accordance with this test method’s requirements, this straight
pressure testing of pipe made from the subject material. The
line may be assumed to continue beyond the experimental
data are analyzed by linear regression to yield a best-fit
period, through at least 100000 h (the time intercept at which
log-stress versus log time-to-fail straight-line equation. Using
the material’s LTHS/LTHS is determined). In the case of
P
this equation, the material’s mean strength at the 100000-h
polyethylene piping materials, this test method includes a
intercept (LTHS) is determined by extrapolation. The resultant
supplemental requirement for the “validating” of this assump-
value of the LTHS determines the HDB strength category to
tion. No such validation requirements are included for other
which the material is assigned. The LTHS is similarly
P
materials (see Note 1). Therefore, in all these other cases, it is
determined except that the determination is based on pressure
uptotheuserofthistestmethodtodeterminebasedonoutside
versustimedatathatarederivedfromaparticularproduct.The
information whether this test method is satisfactory for the
categorized value of the LTHS is the PDB. An HDB/PDB is
P
forecasting of a material’s LTHS/LTHS for each particular
P
one of a series of preferred long-term strength values.This test
combination of internal/external environments and tempera-
method is applicable to all known types of thermoplastic pipe
ture.
materials and thermoplastic piping products. It is also appli-
NOTE 1—Extensive long-term data that have been obtained on com-
mercial pressure pipe grades of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polybutlene
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastics
(PB), and cross linked polyethlene (PEX) materials have shown that this
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.40 on Test
assumption is appropriate for the establishing of H
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