ASTM F716-07
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Sorbent Performance of Absorbents
Standard Test Methods for Sorbent Performance of Absorbents
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the development of laboratory test data which describe the performance of absorbent materials used to remove oils and other compatible fluids from water.
1.2 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use. (For a specific warning statement see 10.4 .)
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Designation:F716–07
Standard Test Methods for
1
Sorbent Performance of Absorbents
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF716;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope with added heat or ionic/polar addition. These materials are
soluble/flowable in excess liquid.
1.1 These test methods cover the development of laboratory
3.1.2 sorbent—an insoluble material or mixture of materials
test data which describe the performance of absorbent materi-
used to recover liquids through the mechanisms of absorption
als used to remove oils and other compatible fluids from water.
or adsorption, or both.
1.2 This standard should be used to measure and describe
3.1.3 thickener—a material (usually of higher molecular
the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
weight) that is soluble in excess liquid. These materials go
to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and
from dry to gummy (viscoelastic) to flowable and then soluble.
should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or
The final viscosity depends only on the liquid to solid ratio.
fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire
3.1.4 universal sorbent—aninsolublematerialormixtureof
conditions. However, results of this test may be used as
materials that will sorb both hydrophobic and hydrophilic
elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all
liquid spills.
of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire
3.2 Definitions:
hazard of a particular end use. (For a specific warning
3.2.1 absorbent—a material that picks up and retains a
statement see 10.4.)
liquid distributed throughout its molecular structure causing
2. Referenced Documents the solid to swell (50 % or more). The absorbent is at least
2
70 % insoluble in excess liquid.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.2 adsorbent—an insoluble material that is coated by a
F726 Test Method for Sorbent Performance of Adsorbents
liquid on its surface including pores and capillaries without the
2.2 Federal Standard:
solid swelling more than 50 % in excess liquid.
Fed. Std. No. 141a Paint, Varnish, Lacquer and Related
3
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Materials. Methods of Inspection, Sampling and Testing
3.3.1 oil—a substantially water immiscible organic liquid
2.3 Military Specification:
3
that will float on water (density less than 1 g/cm ), typically
MIL-I-631D Insulation, Electric, Synthetic Resin Composi-
-3
3
with surface tension less than 40 x 10 .
tion, Nonrigid
3.3.2 Type I absorbent (roll, film, sheet, pad, blanket,
3. Terminology
web)—a material with length and width much greater than
thickness and which has both linear form and strength suffi-
3.1 General Terminology:
cient to be handled either saturated or unsaturated.
3.1.1 gellant—a material such as a colloidal network or
3.3.3 Type II absorbent (loose)—an unconsolidated, par-
other aggregate network that pervades and holds a liquid in a
ticulate material without sufficient form and strength to be
highly viscous fragile structure. Many gels may rapidly liquefy
handled except with scoops and similar equipment.
4. Summary of Method
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on
4.1 The absorbent material is tested using established stan-
Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee F20.22 on Mitigation Actions.
dard methods, where applicable, and specially developed tests
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published December 2007. Originally
for performance factors.
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as F716 – 82 (2001).
DOI: 10.1520/F0716-07.
5. Significance and Use
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1 These methods are to be used as a basis for comparison
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
of absorbents in a consistent manner.
the ASTM website.
3 5.2 These tests are not appropriate for adsorbent materials
AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, Attn: NPODS. which are covered in Test Method F726.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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F716–07
5.3 These methods are not useful for a comparison of used. For testing units, weighing sensitivity shall be 62 %. For
absorbents with adsorbents, even though all abso
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:F716–82 (Reapproved 2001) Designation: F 716 – 07
Standard Test Methods for
1
Sorbent Performance of Absorbents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 716; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the development of laboratory test data which describe the performance of absorbent materials
used to remove oils and other compatible fluids from water.
1.2 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to
heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk
of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire
risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular
end use. (For a specific warning statement see 10.4.)
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F 726 Test Method for Sorbent Performance of Adsorbents
2.2 Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 141a Paint, Varnish, Lacquer and Related Materials. Methods of Inspection, Sampling and Testing
3
2.2
2.3 Military Specification:
3
MIL-I-631D Insulation, Electric, Synthetic Resin Composition, Nonrigid
3. Terminology
3.1Definitions:
3.1 General Terminology:
3.1.1 absorption—aprocesswherethematerialtakenupisdistributedthroughoutthebodyoftheabsorbingmaterial.gellant—a
material such as a colloidal network or other aggregate network that pervades and holds a liquid in a highly viscous fragile
structure. Many gels may rapidly liquefy with added heat or ionic/polar addition. These materials are soluble/flowable in excess
liquid.
3.1.2 adsorption—a process where the material taken up is distributed over the surface of the adsorbing material.
3.1.3sorbent—a material used to recover liquids through the mechanisms of absorption or adsorption, or both.
3.2Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:—aninsolublematerialormixtureofmaterialsusedtorecoverliquidsthrough
the mechanisms of absorption or adsorption, or both.
3.1.3 thickener—a material (usually of higher molecular weight) that is soluble in excess liquid. These materials go from dry
to gummy (viscoelastic) to flowable and then soluble. The final viscosity depends only on the liquid to solid ratio.
3.1.4 universal sorbent—an insoluble material or mixture of materials that will sorb both hydrophobic and hydrophilic liquid
spills.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 oil, oily liquid—substantially water-immiscible organic liquids (limited water solubility) as well as liquids containing
dissolvedsolids.Theseoilymaterialsmayeitherfloat,sink,orbedispersed.absorbent—amaterialthatpicksupandretainsaliquid
1
ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF20onHazardousSubstancesandOilSpillResponseandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
F20.22 on Mitigation Actions.
Current edition approved Jan. 13, 1982. Published March 1982.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published December 2007. Originally approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as F 716 – 82 (2001).
2
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, Attn: NPODS.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Instron Model No. TM, available from Instron Corp., 100-A Royall St., Canton, MA 02021, or equivalent.
3
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F716–07
distributed throughout its molecular structure causing the solid to swell (50 % or more). The absorbent is at least 70 % insoluble
in excess liquid.
3.2.2 Type I absorbent (loose)—anunconsolidated,particulatematerialwithoutsufficientformtobeappliedinsingleunits.This
type may include particulate blends with other materials, that is, a
...
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