ASTM D2168-90(1996)e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Calibration of Laboratory Mechanical-Rammer Soil Compactors
Standard Test Methods for Calibration of Laboratory Mechanical-Rammer Soil Compactors
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods for the calibration of mechanical soil compactors are for use in checking and adjusting mechanical devices used in laboratory compaction of soil in accordance with Test Methods D698, D1557, and other methods of a similar nature which might specify these test methods. Calibration for use with one method does not qualify the equipment for use with another method.
1.2. The mass of the mechanical rammer is adjusted as described in 5.4 and 6.5 in order to provide that the mechanical compactor will produce the same result as the manual compactor.
1.3 Two alternative procedures are provided as follows: Section Test Method A Calibration based on the compaction of a 5 selected soil sample Test Method B Calibration based on the deformation of a 6 standard lead cylinder
1.4 If a mechanical compactor is calibrated in accordance with the requirements of either Test Method A or Test Method B, it is not necessary for it to meet the requirements of the other test method.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. >
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Standards Content (Sample)
STD.ASTM D21b8-ENGL L=l=lO m 0759530 tlb110530 Tbl, I
Designation: D 2168 - 90 (Reapproved 1996)”
Standard Test Methods for
Calibration of Laboratory Mechanical-Rammer Soil
Compactors’
1. !kope D 1557 Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Chara~
teristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56 000 ft-lbf/ft3
1.1 These test methods for the calibration of mechanical
(2700 kN-m/m3))Z
soil compactors are for use in checking and adjusting
D2487 ClassiBcation of Soils for Engineering Pmposes
mechanical devices used in laboratory compacting of soil
(Unified Soil ClassiBcation System)2
and soil-aggregate in accordance with Test Methods D 698,
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing
D 1557, and other methods of a similar nature which might
-3
specify these test methods. Calibration for use with one
E 145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
method does not quali@ the equipment for use with another
Ventilation Ovens3
method.
1.2. The weight of the mechanical rammer is adjusted as
described in 5.4 and 6.5 in order to provide that the
3. siicance and use
mechanical compactor will produce the- same result as the
3.1 Mechanical compactors are commonly used to re-
manual compactor.
place the hand compactors required for Test Methods D 698
1.3 Two alternative procedures are provided as follows:
and D 1557 in cases where it is necessary to increase
!hliOll
production.
Test Method A Calibration based OD the compaclio~~ of a 5
3.2 The design of mechanical compactors is such that it is
se- soil sample
necessary to have a calibration process that goes beyond
Test Method B Calibration based on the deformation of a
determining the mass and drop of the hammer.
standard lead cylinder
1.4 If a mechanical compactor is calibrated in accordance
with the requirements of either Test Method A or Test
4. Apparatus
Method B, it is not necessary for it to meet the requirements
4.1 For Test Method A, in addition to the apparatus
of the other method.
requirements specified in Test Methods D 698 and D 1557,
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
the following is required:
regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are
4.1.1 Drying Oven-Thermostatically controlled oven,
for information only.
preferably of the forced-draft type, meeting the requirements
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the of Specification E 145 and capable of maintaining a uniform
safpty concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the temperture of 140 -C 5-F (60 f 12°C) throughout the drying
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appru chamber.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 4.2 For Test Method B, in addition to the apparatus
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. requirements specified in Test Methods D 698 and D 1557,
the following are required:
4.2.1 Lead Dejzmation Apparatus-A lead deformation
2. Referenced Documents
apparatus consisting of an anvil, guide collar, and striking
pin, as shown in Fig 1.
2.1 ASTM Standark
4.2.2 Micrometer--A l-in. or 25-mm outside micrometer
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
caliper reading to 0.001 in. or 0.02 mm, for determining the
Fhlids2
length of the lead cylinders. As an alternative, a dial
D698 Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Charac-
comparator of equal accuracy may be used to determine
teristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/fi3
either the length of the lead cylinder, or the entire length of
(600 kN-m/m3))2
the complete lead deformation apparatus assembly. In order
to measure the complete assembly, a dial comparator with a
‘ThsetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASZU~~~D-18on
minimum opening of 2 in. (5 1 mm) and a travel of 1 in. (25
Soil and Rock and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D 18.03 on
mm) is required (see Fii 2).
Texture, Plasticity, and Density characteristics of Soii
Cunmt edition approved June 29,199O. F’ublisbed October 1990. originaur
publishedasD2168-80.LastpreviouseditionD2168-90.
2AnnuolBodro~ASTMStrmdonls,Vol04.08. 3 Ad Bad of ASTM .Ytan&rrls, Vol 14.02.
STD.ASTM DZLbB-ENGL L=l9Cl m 0759530 Ob’iCl53L 9T8 m
114” Ball Steel
Ream
~---j-O."'"" + "o:",",$:
Striking Pin
Guide Collar
l/4”
Anvil
in. rml
2.10 53.34
we 46
1%
1% ill
1.250 31.75
1243 31.70
0.626 15.30
0.625 15.68
;;",7 13 8.05
% 6.4
'h 32
'/la 1.6
'/x2 0.78
0.005 0.13
::E 0.10 0.05
0.001 0.02
NOTE l-The use of vemia calipers is not recommended since they
afengthof0.675+0.OO5in.(17.1 kO.1 mm)andadiameter
can produce eirromms reading if not zeroed correctly or if the vernier
of 0.310 + 0.002 in. (7.87 + 0.05 I@.~ A minimum of ten
caliper is not of high quality.
test cylinders is required for the calibration of one me&an-
4.2.3 Guide Sleeve Pedestal-A guide sleeve pedestal for ical compactor. However, depending on circumstances, as
use with guide sleeves used to control the drop of the manual
many as 100 test cylinders may be required.
rammers in Test Methods D 698 and D 1557 (see Fg 3).
4.2.4 Test Cylinders-A supply of commercially pure
4LeadtertcylindasaFeavrikble~mtheHornady~~~,P.0.
lead test cylinders having individual masses such that the
Box l848,Grandl.slad,Nebr.688O1inlotsof5OO.
lightest cylinder is within 0.06 g of the heaviest, each having
STD.ASTM DZLbB-ENGL L=l=lll - 0757530 IJb1111532 83’4 -
D 2168
#lb
Plate Base Plate
Plan
Side Elevotion Front Elevation
in. Rm
In. mn
6 203 2.77 70.4
3 76 2.13 54.10
2 51 w 10
1 25 'hi 3.2
'14 6.4 0.03 0.6
'/a 3.2 0.005 0.13
0.001 0.02
NOTE l-l-hisdmensonmustbeequaltottleheigMofthelf!addelamatian
wilhthe~cyliderinpkw.wiltMatolmma3d
flG 2 DIM Ccnnpam aPI=-=--
Ml.01 in. (ko25ml).
NOTE 2-WneterAissuchthatguidesleeveoframner rltseasaybltoraeess
5. Procedure--Test Method A vilhoutlreeptay.
FKL3 GuideSkevePedestd
5.1 ThoroughIy inspect the mechanical and manual com-
pactors for evidence of wear, malfunction, and need of
servicing and adjustment. Clean, adjust, and lubricate the ical compactor and another using the manual compactor.
compactors so as to meet all requirements of the manufac- Record the values of ymax, the maximum dry unit mass
turer, and the applicable method under which they will be obtained with the manual compactor, and y’,, the max-
used and for which the mechanical compactor is to be
imum dry unit mass obtained with the mechanical com-
calibrated. Operate the compactor for a minimum of 25
pactor.
drops to cause friction in the parts to become constant,
5.4 Determine W, the percentage difference of maximum
allowing the rammer to fall on soil or other soft material.
dry unit maSS values for a single set of data (see Section 7). If
the absolute value of W is equal to or less than 2.0, the
NOTE 2-h order to provide satisfactory rrsdts, mechanical corn-
mechanical compactor is satisfactory for immediate use. If
paetors must be in excellent working condition. Improper operation of
the raising and release me&ankms can introduce serious errors. the absolute value of W is greatex than 2.0, then obtain two
additional sets of data. Use the same soil sample, prepared in
5.2 Obtain approximately 50 lb (23 kg) of soil classitied as
accordance with 5.2, that was used previously. Determine W,
CL in accordance with Classification D 2487. If excessive
the average percentage difference of maximum dry unit mass
moisture is present, dry the soil until it becomes fiiable.
values for three sets of data (see Section 7). If the absolute
Drying may be in air or by use of a drying apparatus such
value of W is equal to or less than 2.0, the mechanical
that the temperature of the sampled does not exceed 140°F
compactor is satisfactory for immediate use. If the absolute
(60°C). Pass the soil through a No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve
value of w is greater than 2.0, then adjust the rammer mass
conforming to the requirements of Specification E 11. Dis-
of the mechanical compactor in accordance with 5.5. Then
card any material remaining on the sieve, and thoroughly
secure three new values of y’- and compute a new value of
blend the material passing the sieve until it is uniform. The
m Repeat this procedure until the absolute value of W is
material shall then be prepared for compaction in accor-
equal to or less than 2.0.
dance with either Methods D 698 or D 1557 as appropriate
5.5 Make changes in the weight of the mechanical
for the mechanical compactor being calibrated.
rammer with due consideration to good workmanship.
NOTE 3-The amount of soil used will vary greatly depending on the
Makeshift modifications that could affect the operation of
number of water content unit mass determinations required.
the mechanical compactor are not permitted. The maximum
permissible variation in the mass of the mechanical ramme
...
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