ASTM E2788-11
(Specification)Standard Specification for Use of Expanded Shale, Clay and Slate (ESCS) as a Mineral Component in the Growing Media and the Drainage Layer for Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
Standard Specification for Use of Expanded Shale, Clay and Slate (ESCS) as a Mineral Component in the Growing Media and the Drainage Layer for Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the quality and grading of expanded shale, clay and slate (ESCS) for use as a mineral component of growing media and drainage layer for extensive and intensive vegetative (green) roof systems. ESCS is a lightweight, highly porous and low-density ceramic material produced by expanding and vitrifying select shale, clay or slate in a rotary kiln. The requirements are intended to cover only materials having normal or average gradation characteristics. This specification also describes the materials and manufacture, as well as physical and chemical properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the quality and grading of the following materials for use as a mineral component of growing media and drainage layer for extensive and intensive vegetative (green) roof systems. The requirements are intended to cover only materials having normal or average gradation characteristics. Procedures covered in this specification are not intended for evaluating the performance nutrients associated with vegetative (green) roof growing media Where other materials are to be used, appropriate limits suitable to their use must be specified.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This standard offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word "Standard" in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
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Designation:E2788 −11
Standard Specification for
Use of Expanded Shale, Clay and Slate (ESCS) as a Mineral
Component in the Growing Media and the Drainage Layer
for Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2788; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers the quality and grading of the
C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)
following materials for use as a mineral component of growing
and Voids in Aggregate
mediaanddrainagelayerforextensiveandintensivevegetative
C88 Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of
(green) roof systems. The requirements are intended to cover
Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
only materials having normal or average gradation character-
C127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
istics. Procedures covered in this specification are not intended
Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
for evaluating the performance nutrients associated with veg-
C131 Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-
etative (green) roof growing media Where other materials are
Size CoarseAggregate byAbrasion and Impact in the Los
to be used, appropriate limits suitable to their use must be
Angeles Machine
specified.
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
Aggregates
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
C330 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Struc-
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
tural Concrete
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
C331 Specification for LightweightAggregates for Concrete
tion only and are not considered standard.
Masonry Units
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D4254 Test Methods for Minimum Index Density and Unit
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Weight of Soils and Calculation of Relative Density
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D4767 Test Method for Consolidated Undrained Triaxial
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Compression Test for Cohesive Soils
D5883 Guide for Use of Rotary Kiln Produced Expanded
1.4 This standard offers an organized collection of informa-
Shale, Clay or Slate (ESCS) as a Mineral Amendment in
tion or a series of options and does not recommend a specific
Topsoil Used for Landscaping and Related Purposes
course of action. This document cannot replace education or
D6739 Test Method for Silica—pH Value
experience and should be used in conjunction with professional
E2114 Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Perfor-
judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all
mance of Buildings
circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-
E2399 Test Method for Maximum Media Density for Dead
sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of
Load Analysis of Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems
a given professional service must be judged, nor should this
document be applied without consideration of a project’s many
3. Terminology
unique aspects. The word "Standard" in the title of this
3.1 Definitions:
document means only that the document has been approved
3.1.1 For terms related to Expanded Shale, Clay and Slate
through the ASTM consensus process.
(ESCS), refer to Terminology D5883.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on
Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.24 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
on Sustainability. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published February 2012. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
E2788-11. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E2788−11
TABLE 1 Gradation Requirements for ESCS (Specification C330
3.1.2 For terms related to sustainability relative to the
and Test Method C331)
performance of buildings, refer to Terminology E2114.
Coarse Grada-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Sieve Specifica- Drainage Layer Fine Gradation
tion
tion % Passing % Passing
3.3 expanded shale, clay, and slate (ESCS), n—a % Passing
19 mm ( ⁄4 in.) 90 – 100 100 100
lightweight, ceramic material produced by expanding and
12.5mm( ⁄2 in.) 90 – 100 100 100
vitrifying select shale, clay, or slate in a rotary kiln.
9.5mm( ⁄8 in.) 20 – 100 80 – 100 100
4.75 mm (No. 4) 5 – 40 5 – 40 85 – 100
3.4 extensive vegetative (green) roof system, n—avegetative
2.36 mm (No. 8) 0 – 20 0 – 20 . . .
(green) roof system that utilizes a narrow range of species
1.8mm(No.16) 0–10 0–10 40–80
limited to herbs, grasses, mosses, and drought tolerant succu- 0.6mm(No.30) . . .
0.3 mm (No. 50) . . . . . . 10 – 35
lents such as sedum. These types of plants can potentially be
0.15 mm (No. . . 5–25
sustained in a shallow growing media layer usually six inches
100)
A A A
0.074 mm (No. 0–2 0–5 0–20
and under with generally less maintenance than intensive
200)
vegetative (green) roof systems.
A
The percentage of material passing 0.074 mm by volume also applies to any
3.5 vegetative (green) roof system, n—assembly designed to
components including organic matter used as an amendment to the aggregate.
support vegetation growth above a waterproofed membrane.
3.6 growing media (media), n—thesubstrateinwhichplants
take hold and develop. absorption after soaking the material. The particle distribution
is determined with the appropriate sieves as stated in Test
3.7 intensive vegetative (green) roof system, n—a vegetative
Method C136. The ESCS to be sampled in accordance with
(green) roof system that utilizes a wide vari
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