ASTM D7283-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Alpha and Beta Activity in Water By Liquid Scintillation Counting
Standard Test Method for Alpha and Beta Activity in Water By Liquid Scintillation Counting
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended for the measurement of gross alpha- and beta-activity concentrations in the analyses of environmental and drinking waters. For samples submitted to satisfy regulatory or permit requirements, the submitter should assure that this or any other method used is acceptable to the regulator or permit issuer.
5.2 This test method is also applicable to the direct analysis of gross alpha- and beta-activity concentrations in water when low detection limits are not required. Direct analysis provides a rapid method for determination of gross alpha- and beta-activity concentrations when low detection limits are not required.
5.3 This test method is not capable of discriminating among alpha emitting radionuclides or among beta emitting radionuclides. Those intending to identify and quantify specific radionuclides should use test methods specific to the radionuclides of interest.
5.4 This test method may not be cited as a method for the determination of gross alpha- or beta-activity concentrations in a solid/soil matrix or the acid digestate of the same. The use of this test method for such applications brings the potential for serious bias and incomparability of results dependent on the manner of sample preparation or treatment, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of gross alpha- and beta- activity concentrations in a homogeneous water sample. It is applicable to alpha emitters with activity concentration levels above 0.11 Bq/L (3 pCi/L) and beta emitters with activity concentration levels above 0.15 Bq/L (4 pCi/L). This test method is not applicable to samples containing radionuclides that are volatile under conditions of the analysis.
1.2 This test method may also be used for the direct measurement of gross alpha- and beta- activity concentrations in homogeneous water samples with alpha emitter activity concentration levels above 1.8 Bq/L (50 pCi/L) and beta emitter activity concentration levels above 3.7 Bq/L (100 pCi/L).
1.3 This test method was tested using single-operator tests.2,3
1.4 Standard methods under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 may be published for a limited time preliminary to the completion of full collaborative study validation. Such standards are deemed to have met all other D19 qualifying requirements but have not completed the required validation studies to fully characterize the performance of the Test Method across multiple laboratories and matrices. Preliminary publication is done to make current technology accessible to users of standards, and to solicit additional input from the user community.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D7283 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Alpha and Beta Activity in Water By Liquid Scintillation
1
Counting
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7283; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of gross
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
alpha- and beta- activity concentrations in a homogeneous
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
water sample. It is applicable to alpha emitters with activity
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
concentration levels above 0.11 Bq/L (3 pCi/L) and beta
emitters with activity concentration levels above 0.15 Bq/L (4
2. Referenced Documents
pCi/L). This test method is not applicable to samples contain-
4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ing radionuclides that are volatile under conditions of the
D1129Terminology Relating to Water
analysis.
D1125Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resis-
1.2 This test method may also be used for the direct
tivity of Water
measurement of gross alpha- and beta- activity concentrations
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
in homogeneous water samples with alpha emitter activity
D1890Test Method for Beta Particle Radioactivity ofWater
concentration levels above 1.8 Bq/L (50 pCi/L) and beta
D1943Test Method for Alpha Particle Radioactivity of
emitter activity concentration levels above 3.7 Bq/L (100
Water
pCi/L).
D3370Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D3648Practices for the Measurement of Radioactivity
1.3 This test method was tested using single-operator
2,3
D3856Guide for Management Systems in Laboratories
tests.
Engaged in Analysis of Water
1.4 Standard methods under the jurisdiction of ASTM Com-
D4448Guide for Sampling Ground-Water MonitoringWells
mittee D19 may be published for a limited time preliminary to
D5847Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
the completion of full collaborative study validation. Such
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
standards are deemed to have met all other D19 qualifying
D6001Guide for Direct-Push Groundwater Sampling for
requirements but have not completed the required validation
Environmental Site Characterization
studies to fully characterize the performance of the Test
2.2 Other Standards and Publications:
Method across multiple laboratories and matrices. Preliminary
EPA 900.0Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Radioactivity in
publication is done to make current technology accessible to
DrinkingWater,from Prescribed Procedures for Measure-
users of standards, and to solicit additional input from the user
ment of Radioactivity in Drinking Water (EPA-600/4-80-
community.
5
032)
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as StandardMethods7110C CoprecipitationMethodforGross
6
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Alpha Radioactivity in Drinking Water
standard.
Standard Methods 8010ETable8010: Recommended Com-
6
position for Reconstituted Fresh Water
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water
4
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD19.04onMethodsofRadiochemi- For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
cal Analysis. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2013. Published April 2013. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D7283 – 06. DOI: the ASTM website.
5
10.1520/D7283-13. Available from United States Environmental Protection Association (EPA),
2
Wong,C.T.,Soliman,V.M.,andPerera,S.K., Journal of Radioanalytical and Ariel Rios Bldg., 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460, http://
Nuclear Chemistry, Vol 264, No. 2, 2005, pp. 357–363. www.epa.gov.
3 6
Ruberu, S.R., Liu, Y.G., and Perera, S.K., Health Physics, Vol 95, No. 4, Available fromAmericanWaterWorksAssociation (AWWA), 6666W. Quincy
October 2008, pp. 397–406. Ave., Denver, CO 80235, http://www.awwa.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7283 − 13
ISO 9696Water Quality—Measurement of Gross Alpha volume of water sample and remains so until the measurement
7
Activity in Non-saline Water—Thick Source Method is completed or until the sample is evaporated
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7283 − 06 D7283 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Alpha- And Beta-Alpha and Beta Activity in Water By Liquid
1
Scintillation Counting
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7283; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of gross alpha- and beta- activity concentrations in a homogeneous water sample.
It is applicable to alpha emitters with activity concentration levels above 0.0370.11 Bq/L (1(3 pCi/L) and beta emitters with activity
concentration levels above 0.15 Bq/L (4 pCi/L). This test method is not applicable to samples containing radionuclides that are
volatile under conditions of the analysis.
1.2 This test method may also be used for the direct measurement of gross alpha- and beta- activity concentrations in
homogeneous water samples with alpha emitter activity concentration levels above 1.8 Bq/L (50 pCi/L) and beta emitter activity
concentration levels above 3.7 Bq/L (100 pCi/L).
2, 3
1.3 This test method was tested using a single-operator test.tests. Round-robintesting is currently in progress on this test
method.
1.4 Standard methods under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 may be published for a limited time preliminary to the
completion of full collaborative study validation. Such standards are deemed to have met all other D19 qualifying requirements
but have not completed the required validation studies to fully characterize the performance of the Test Method across multiple
laboratories and matrices. Preliminary publication is done to make current technology accessible to users of standards, and to
solicit additional input from the user community.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resistivity of Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1890 Test Method for Beta Particle Radioactivity of Water
D1943 Test Method for Alpha Particle Radioactivity of Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D3648 Practices for the Measurement of Radioactivity
D3856 Guide for Management Systems in Laboratories Engaged in Analysis of Water
D4448 Guide for Sampling Ground-Water Monitoring Wells
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
D6001 Guide for Direct-Push Groundwater Sampling for Environmental Site Characterization
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.04 on Methods of Radiochemical
Analysis.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2006Feb. 1, 2013. Published January 2007April 2013. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D7283
– 06. DOI: 10.1520/D7283-06.10.1520/D7283-13.
2
Wong, C. T., Soliman, V. M., and Perera, S. K., Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, Vol. 264, No. 2, 2005, pp. 357–363.Wong, C. T., Soliman, V. M.,
and Perera, S. K., Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, Vol 264, No. 2, 2005, pp. 357–363.
3
Ruberu, S.R., Liu, Y.G., and Perera, S.K., Health Physics, Vol 95, No. 4, October 2008, pp. 397–406.
4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7283 − 13
2.2 Other Standards and PublicationsPublications:
EPA 900.0 Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Radioactivity in Drinking Water, from Prescribed Procedures for Measurement of
5
Radioactivity in Drinking Water (EPA-600/4-80-032)
6
Standard Methods 7110C Coprecipitation Method for Gross Alpha Radi
...
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