ASTM D7186-05
(Practice)Standard Practice for Quality Assurance Observation of Roof Construction and Repair
Standard Practice for Quality Assurance Observation of Roof Construction and Repair
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for performing visual monitoring of roofing construction to:
1.1.1 Establish guidelines for quality assurance observation practices; and
1.1.2 Define the role and responsibilities of the quality assurance observer.
1.2 This practice pertains to daily, full-time, quality assurance observation of roofing projects. This practice is applicable to new construction or reroofing projects involving the installation of a new roof system, the removal of existing roofing and installation of a new roof system, or recovering an existing roof. It is also applicable to roofing projects involving repairs or scheduled maintenance to an existing roof.
1.3 This practice contains the following information:
1.3.1 The objectives of the quality assurance process;
1.3.2 The responsibilities and qualifications of the individual(s) involved in the observations of the roof construction or repair;
1.3.3 Identification and use of the basic tools or equipment required for the visual roof observation process; and
1.3.4 Monitoring, recording, and reporting procedures.
1.4 This practice does not address practices of roof investigation, condition reporting, or analysis of preexisting roofs.
1.5 This pracitce does not pertain to quality control processes or techniques performed by persons or entities representing or under contract to the roofing contractor. The quality control process is separate and distinct from the quality assurance observation process.
1.6 Assessment of safe work practices or safety monitoring procedures followed by the contractor are outside the scope of this practice.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D7186 − 05
StandardPractice for
Quality Assurance Observation of Roof Construction and
Repair
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7186; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 This practice covers procedures for performing visual
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
monitoring of roofing construction to:
1.1.1 Establish guidelines for quality assurance observation
2. Referenced Documents
practices; and
1.1.2 Define the role and responsibilities of the quality 2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
assurance observer.
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
1.2 This practice pertains to daily, full-time, quality assur-
2.2 Other Documents:
anceobservationofroofingprojects.Thispracticeisapplicable
The Contract Documents
to new construction or reroofing projects involving the instal-
Specification Literature or Roof System Installation
lationofanewroofsystem,theremovalofexistingroofingand
Requirements, supplied by the applicable manufacturer,
installation of a new roof system, or recovering an existing
supplier, or distributor of the roof system material
roof. It is also applicable to roofing projects involving repairs
ARMA/NRCA/SPRI Repair Manual for Low-Slope Mem-
or scheduled maintenance to an existing roof.
3,4,5
brane Roof Systems
1.3 This practice contains the following information:
ARMA/NRCA Quality Control Guidelines for the Applica-
1.3.1 The objectives of the quality assurance process;
3,4
tion of Built-Up Roofing
1.3.2 The responsibilities and qualifications of the individu-
ARMA/NRCA Quality Control Guidelines for the Applica-
al(s) involved in the observations of the roof construction or
3,4
tion of Polymer Modified Bitumen Roofing
repair;
NRCA/SPRI Quality Control Guidelines for theApplication
1.3.3 Identification and use of the basic tools or equipment
4,5
of Thermoset Single-Ply Roof Membranes
required for the visual roof observation process; and
NRCA/SPFA QualityControlGuidelinesfortheApplication
1.3.4 Monitoring, recording, and reporting procedures.
4,6
of Sprayed Polyurethane Foam Roofing
1.4 This practice does not address practices of roof
NRCA Roofing & Waterproofing Manual, Current Edition
investigation, condition reporting, or analysis of preexisting
roofs.
3. Terminology
1.5 This pracitce does not pertain to quality control pro-
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of building terms, see Ter-
cesses or techniques performed by persons or entities repre-
minology E631. For definitions of roofing and bituminous
senting or under contract to the roofing contractor. The quality
materials terms, see Terminology D1079.
control process is separate and distinct from the quality
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
assurance observation process.
1.6 Assessment of safe work practices or safety monitoring
procedures followed by the contractor are outside the scope of 2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
this practice. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the ASTM website.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Available from Asphalt Roofing Manufacturer’s Association (ARMA), Public
Information Department, 1156 15th St., NW, Suite 900, Washington, DC 20005.
Available from National Roofing Contractor’s Association (NRCA), 10255 W.
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD08onRoofingand Higgins Rd., Suite 600, Rosemont, IL 60018–5607.
Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.20 on Roofing AvailablefromSinglePlyRoofingInstitute(SPRI),77RumfordAve.,Suite3B,
Membrane Systems. Waltham, MA 02453.
Current edition approved July 1, 2005. Published July 2005. DOI: 10.1520/ Available from Spray Polyurethane Foam Alliance (SPFA), 4400 Fair Lakes
D7186-05. Ct., Suite 105, Fairfax, VA 22033.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7186 − 05
3.2.1 competent person, n—a person knowledgeable in 5.3.4 The installation and attachment of any base sheets,
common roofing installation practices, the roof system and including the type of fastener or adhesive used, the fastening
materials specified for the project, and the quality assurance pattern and spacing;
observation process. 5.3.5 The installation and attachment of any vapor retarders
or air barriers, including the type of fastener or adhesive used,
3.2.2 contract documents, n—agreement between owner
the fastening pattern and spacing;
and contractor, conditions of the contract (general, supplemen-
5.3.6 The installation and attachment of the insulation
tary, and other conditions), drawings, specifications, addenda,
layer(s), recover or coverboard materials, including the type of
modifications, change order, construction change directives,
fastener or adhesive used, the fastening pattern and spacing;
and written orders for minor changes in the work.
5.3.7 Theinstallationandattachmentoftheroofcoveringor
3.2.3 quality assurance observation, n— the process of
repair materials which comprise the finished roof system,
recording and reporting the installation of materials and work
including the type of fastener or adhesive used, the fastening
procedures of the installer or contractor in a roofing project for
pattern and spacing, as well as specific material quantities,
the purpose of documenting compliance or non-compliance
temperatures,andmeasurementsappropriatetothetypeofroof
with the contract documents on a daily basis.
system under construction;
3.2.4 roof designer, n—person or entity responsible for the 5.3.8 The installation and detailing of the roof system
selection of the roof system and materials, and developing the flashings at perimeter and roof penetration locations;
project specifications and construction detail drawings. 5.3.9 The installation and detailing of the sheet metal
roofing accessories such as, but not limited to counterflashings,
coping caps, joint covers, and edge and fascia metals;
4. Significance and Use
5.3.10 The installation of roof surfacings or coatings;
4.1 Quality assurance observation of roofing projects is an
5.3.11 Theinstallationoftemporaryweathersealsattheend
important process for determining if the removal, installation,
of the work day or prior to inclement weather;
repair, or maintenance of roofing materials or systems follows
5.3.12 The installation of any other roof components speci-
thescopeandintentofthecontractdocumentsandareinstalled
fied in the project specifications;
andexecutedinaccordancewithacceptedroofingpracticesand
5.3.13 The weather conditions that occur during the roof
the contract documents.
assembly installation;
4.2 This practice is applied to full-time quality assurance
5.3.14 The crew size and foreman, and type of work being
observation of roofing projects involving the removal, con-
performed on a given day; and
struction, and repair and maintenance of low and steep-slope
5.3.15 All visitors to the roof and their length of stay.
roof systems and roofing-related accessories.
6. Qualifications of the Quality Assurance Observer
4.3 This practice establishes the role and responsibilities of
those performing quality assurance observation and includes
6.1 Significance of Qualifications :
qualifications of the quality assurance observer, as well as
6.1.1 It is necessary that the person(s) performing quality
procedures for observation and documentation during the roof
observation of the construction process understand the project
construction or repair process.
specifications and the specified roof system. Knowledge of
industry-accepted good roofing practices is critical to the
5. The Role of the Quality Assurance Observer (QAO)
success of the quality assurance observation process;
6.1.2 A record of experience and training shall be main-
5.1 The presence of, or opinions expressed by, the QAO do
tained by the QAO and submitted to the project file. An
not relieve the contractor or the manufacturer or other respon-
optional, sample form is located in Attachment A;
sible party of their contractual requirements. The information
6.1.3 A thorough understanding of the contract documents,
provided by the QAO is for the benefit of the owner (or other
specifically the project specifications, construction detail draw-
client), and no warranty of roof performance, expressed or
ings, pre-bid and pre-construction conference minutes, and any
implied, is offered, neither should it be inferred based on the
addenda to the roofing specifications is required; and
quality assurance observations.
6.1.4 A thorough understanding of the type of roof system
5.2 The QAO’s function is to provide on-site observation,
specified including knowledge of the manufacturer’s require-
and reporting of the roof construction process in a clear,
ments is required.
accurate, and objective manner, using procedures indicated in
6.2 Technical Qualifications of the QAO can be achieved by
this practice.
either 6.2.1 or 6.2.2:
5.3 The QAO shall observe and record:
6.2.1 Completion of specialized training or certification in
5.3.1 Thegeneralconditionsofthejobsite,roofareasunder
Quality Assurance observation. The training or certification
construction, and materials used in the construction process
program shall be specific to roofing quality assurance obser-
and their storage;
vation and shall be administered by an industry recognized
5.3.2 Preexisting property damages, or property or material organization.
damages that occur during the roof construction process;
6.2.2 Completion of a roof system application program
provided by the roof system manufacturer specified.
5.3.3 The condition of the substrate, and substrate prepara-
tion, repair, or replacement procedures; 6.2.3 Inlieuoftherequirementsin6.2.1and6.2.2byeither:
D7186 − 05
6.2.3.1 Completion of a minimum of 400 h of experience limited to inspection of the roof areas under contract; interior
performing quality assurance observation of roofing construc- spaces directly below the project areas; condition of related
tion, or 400 h of experience in technical services with roof rooftopequipmentandadjacentbuilding(s),aswellasbuilding
system manufacturers and a minimum of 2000 h of trade facades; pavement and landscaping in staging areas.
experience in roof construction.
8.3 Material Delivery and Examination Reporting—Prior to
6.2.3.2 Completion of a minimum of 400 h of experience in
the start or during the initial staging of the project, and
the generic type of roof system specified either performing
following the delivery of materials thereafter, the QAO shall
quality assurance observation or roof construction, or technical
examinethematerialsdeliveredtoverifyconformancewiththe
services for a roof system manufacturers. For this purpose, the
contract documents.An optional, sample report form is located
generic roof type categories are defined as: Built-Up Roofing,
in Attachment C.
Polymer-Modified Bitumen, Thermoplastic Single-Ply, Ther-
8.3.1 The report shall note the condition of materials, the
moset Single-Ply, Sprayed Polyurethane Foam Based Roofing,
manufacturer, specific product designations, approximate
Structural Low-Slope Metal Roofing, Steep Slope Roofing,
quantity, lot or batch numbers, and if the materials are stored
including but not limited to asphalt shingles, slate, tile, or
properly, noting the use of pallets, dunnage, tarpaulins, and so
metal.
forth, in the report.
8.3.2 The report shall include photographic documentation
7. Required Project Documents
ofthegeneralconditionofthematerial,includinganydamages
7.1 A copy of the following project documents shall be
or defects in the material.
maintained on-site by the QAO and updated as necessary:
8.3.3 The QAO shall immediately notify the contractor or
7.1.1 The contract documents, including scope of work,
its representative if any materials are determined to be dam-
specifications, roof plan, construction detail drawings, ad-
aged or defective.
denda, and modifications;
7.1.2 The pre-bid and pre-construction conference minutes
8.4 Daily Construction Reporting—A report documenting
and project meeting minutes;
the nature of roofing work performed, progress, problems
7.1.3 Stamped material submittals;
encountered, and actions taken by given individuals shall be
7.1.4 The contractor’s original construction schedule and
completed each day. An acceptable, recognized reporting
any revisions;
format shall be utilized by the report QAO. An optional,
7.1.5 Appropriate manufacturer’s literature containing roof
sample report form is located in Attachment D.
system or material application requirements;
8.4.1 The report shall include, but is not limited to: crew
7.1.6 Construction Change Directives, Change Orders, and
size, daily temperatures, wind, relative humidity, weather
any field orders;
conditions, roof removal procedures (if applicable), structural
7.1.7 Written and photographic documentation prepared by
deck or substrate condition, deck/substrate preparation, appli-
the QAO;
cation and securement of any vapor retarders, base sheets,
7.1.8 Other pertinent project correspondence; and
insulation layers, roofing and flashing membranes, sheet metal
7.1.9 An emergency contact list for all pertinent project
components, and other related roof accessories.
personnel.
8.4.2 The report shall record the size of the roof area(s)
completed each day, deck repair or replacement dimensions,
8. Observation and Recording Procedures
application temperatures of bitumens or adhesives, fastening
8.1 Documentation shall include both a written and photo-
pattern and spacing used to secure roof system components,
graphic record for historical file purposes and shall be made
exposure, headlap, side and end lap dimensions of felt or
available to all parties involved in the roofing project. Project
membranes, and approximate linear footage of flashing mem-
documentationmaybeginatthepre-constructionconferenceor
brane and sheet metal installation.
earlier and shall be continuous for the duration of the roofing
project. Written documentation shall be clear, concise, and NOTE 1—The report shall also record any measurements necessary for
tracking unit price work items o
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