ASTM D7227/D7227M-11
(Practice)Standard Practice for Rapid Drying of Compacted Asphalt Specimens Using Vacuum Drying Apparatus
Standard Practice for Rapid Drying of Compacted Asphalt Specimens Using Vacuum Drying Apparatus
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Specimen dry weight is a critical measure in determination of accurate density and many other tests in the construction and raw materials industries. Drying specimens at room temperature is required for some tests and provides an advantage for other tests to ensure the integrity and to preserve the characteristics of specimens.
This practice covers drying compacted asphalt specimens in a vacuum chamber that is capable of keeping the specimen at close to room temperature. A vacuum pump reduces the pressure inside the chamber, thus allowing water to evaporate at low temperature. Since the specimen naturally cools during the evaporation process, making water harder to evaporate, it is important to have proper temperature controls in the chamber to ensure specimen remains at close to room temperature. Automatic controls within the unit allow the specimen to remain at close to room temperature by periodically allowing a flow of warm air to enter the vacuum chamber. Cycling between vacuum and airflow conditions allows the specimen to dry in a short period of time. Completely saturated specimens with over 30 g [0.07 lb] of retained water can be dried in about 30 minutes. For most field cores that are not completely saturated the drying time is generally less than 15 minutes.
Note 1—Cycle time (period) can depend on the material composition. Each cycle involves an alternating period of 30 to 180 seconds of vacuum operation and 30 to 120 seconds of air flow.
This method can be used for 100 mm [4 in.] diameter, 150 mm [6 in.] diameter cylindrical, and cubical compacted bituminous specimens.
This method can also be used for drying loose asphalt mixtures, aggregate samples and other solid specimens. Follow manufacturers recommended procedures for drying specimens other than compacted bituminous specimens.
This method can be used to determine moisture content and amount of water loss during drying by weighing the sample before and after the drying operations.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the process of drying compacted asphalt specimens using vacuum drying apparatus.
1.2 The specimens dried by this practice remain at room temperature, which helps in maintaining specimen integrity during the drying process.
1.3 This practice can be used for compacted cylindrical and cubical bituminous laboratory and field specimens
1.4 This practice can also be used for drying other construction materials such as concrete, soils, aggregates and loose asphalt mixtures. Use manufacturers recommendations for drying other construction materials.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalent; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
FIG. 1 Water Removal Plate and Sample Holder Installed in Sample Chamber
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Designation: D7227/D7227M − 11
StandardPractice for
Rapid Drying of Compacted Asphalt Specimens Using
1
Vacuum Drying Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7227/D7227M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope tion and raw materials industries. Drying specimens at room
temperature is required for some tests and provides an advan-
1.1 This practice covers the process of drying compacted
tage for other tests to ensure the integrity and to preserve the
asphalt specimens using vacuum drying apparatus.
characteristics of specimens.
1.2 The specimens dried by this practice remain at room
3.2 This practice covers drying compacted asphalt speci-
temperature, which helps in maintaining specimen integrity
mens in a vacuum chamber that is capable of keeping the
during the drying process.
specimen at close to room temperature. A vacuum pump
1.3 This practice can be used for compacted cylindrical and
reduces the pressure inside the chamber, thus allowing water to
cubical bituminous laboratory and field specimens
evaporate at low temperature. Since the specimen naturally
1.4 This practice can also be used for drying other construc- cools during the evaporation process, making water harder to
tion materials such as concrete, soils, aggregates and loose evaporate, it is important to have proper temperature controls
asphalt mixtures. Use manufacturers recommendations for in the chamber to ensure specimen remains at close to room
drying other construction materials. temperature. Automatic controls within the unit allow the
specimen to remain at close to room temperature by periodi-
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
cally allowing a flow of warm air to enter the vacuum chamber.
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
Cycling between vacuum and airflow conditions allows the
each system may not be exact equivalent; therefore, each
specimen to dry in a short period of time. Completely saturated
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
specimens with over 30 g [0.07 lb] of retained water can be
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
dried in about 30 minutes. For most field cores that are not
with the standard.
completely saturated the drying time is generally less than 15
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
minutes.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
NOTE 1—Cycle time (period) can depend on the material composition.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Each cycle involves an alternating period of 30 to 180 seconds of vacuum
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- operation and 30 to 120 seconds of air flow.
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
3.3 This method can be used for 100 mm [4 in.] diameter,
150 mm [6 in.] diameter cylindrical, and cubical compacted
2. Referenced Documents
bituminous specimens.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.4 This method can also be used for drying loose asphalt
D5361 Practice for Sampling Compacted Bituminous Mix-
mixtures, aggregate samples and other solid specimens. Follow
tures for Laboratory Testing
manufacturers recommended procedures for drying specimens
other than compacted bituminous specimens.
3. Significance and Use
3.5 This method can be used to determine moisture content
3.1 Specimen dry weight is a critical measure in determi-
and amount of water loss during drying by weighing the
nation of accurate density and many other tests in the construc-
sample before and after the drying operations.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and
4. Apparatus
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.21 on
Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Mixtures.
4.1 Absorptive cloth or paper towels, for drying water from
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published July 2011. DOI: 10.1520/
surface of the specimens.
D7227_D7227M-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.2 Vacuum Chamber, with a pump capable of evacuating a
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
sealed and enclosed chamber to a pressure of 6 mm Hg [6
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Torr], when at sea level. The chamber shall be large enough to
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D7227–06 Designation:D7227/D7227M–11
Standard Practice for
Rapid Drying of Compacted Asphalt Specimens Using
1
Vacuum Drying Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7227/D7227M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the process of drying compacted asphalt specimens using vacuum drying apparatus.
1.2 The specimens dried by this practice remain at room temperature, which helps in maintaining specimen integrity during the
drying process.
1.3 This practice can be used for compacted cylindrical and cubical bituminous laboratory and field specimens
1.4 This practice can also be used for drying other construction materials such as concrete, soils, aggregates and loose asphalt
mixtures. Use manufacturers recommendations for drying other construction materials.
1.5The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalent; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
requirements prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5361 Practice for Sampling Compacted Bituminous Mixtures for Laboratory Testing
3. Significance and Use
3.1 Specimen dry weight is a critical measure in determination of accurate density and many other tests in the construction and
rawmaterialsindustries.Dryingspecimensatroomtemperatureisrequiredforsometestsandprovidesanadvantageforothertests
to ensure the integrity and to preserve the characteristics of specimens.
3.2 This practice covers drying compacted asphalt specimens in a vacuum chamber that is capable of keeping the specimen at
close to room temperature. A vacuum pump reduces the pressure inside the chamber, thus allowing water to evaporate at low
temperature. Since the specimen naturally cools during the evaporation process, making water harder to evaporate, it is important
to have proper temperature controls in the chamber to ensure specimen remains at close to room temperature.Automatic controls
within the unit allow the specimen to remain at close to room temperature by periodically allowing a flow of warm air to enter
the vacuum chamber. Cycling between vacuum and airflow conditions allows the specimen to dry in a short period of time.
Completely saturated specimens with over 30 g [0.07 lb] of retained water can be dried in about 30 minutes. For most field cores
that are not completely saturated the drying time is generally less than 15 minutes.
NOTE 1—Cycle time (period) can depend on the material composition. Each cycle involves an alternating period of 30 to 180 seconds of vacuum
operation and 30 to 120 seconds of air flow.
3.3 This method can be used for 100 mm [4 in.] diameter, 150 mm [6 in.] diameter cylindrical, and cubical compacted
bituminous specimens.
3.4 This method can also be used for drying loose asphalt mixtures, aggregate samples and other solid specimens. Follow
manufacturers recommended procedures for drying specimens other than compacted bituminous specimens.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.21 on Specific
Gravity and Density of Bituminous Mixtures.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2006. Published February 2006. DOI: 10.1520/D7227-06.
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published July 2011. DOI: 10.1520/D7227_D7227M-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D7227/D7227M–11
FIG. 1 Wa
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