ASTM C1278/C1278M-07a(2011)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Panel
Standard Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Panel
ABSTRACT
This specification covers fiber-reinforced gypsum panel. The physical properties, dimensions and tolerances, and edges of interior fiber-reinforced gypsum panels, water-resistant fiber-reinforced gypsum backing panels, exterior fiber-reinforced gypsum soffit panels, water-resistant exterior fiber-reinforced gypsum sheathing panels, interior fiber-reinforced gypsum underlayment panels, and fiber-reinforced gypsum roof board panels are presented in details. The surfaces of the fiber-reinforced gypsum panels shall be true and free from imperfections that would render the panels unfit for use with or without decoration.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers fiber-reinforced gypsum panels described in 1.1.1-1.1.4.
1.1.1 Interior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Panels
are designed to be used for walls, ceilings, or partitions and affords a suitable surface to receive decoration.
1.1.2 Water-Resistant Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Backing Panels
are designed primarily to be used as a base for the application of ceramic or plastic tile on walls or ceilings. This product is also suitable for decoration.
1.1.3 Exterior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Soffit Panels
are designed for use on exterior soffits and carport ceilings that are completely protected from contact with liquid water.
1.1.4 Water-Resistant Exterior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Sheathing Panels
are designed for use as sheathing on buildings.
1.1.5 Interior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Underlayment Panels
are designed for use as a base for application of finished flooring materials.
1.1.6 Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Board Panels
are designed for use in roofing systems.
1.2 Specifications applicable to all fiber-reinforced gypsum panels are located in Sections 1-4 and 11-13 except as modified by applicable product sections. Specifications applicable to specific panels are located in the following sections:
Interior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Panels5 Water-Resistant Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Backing Panels6 Exterior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Soffit Panels7 Water-Resistant Exterior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Sheathing Panels8 Interior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Underlayment Panels9 Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Roof Board Panels10
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system shall be used independently of the other. Values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1278/C1278M −07a(Reapproved 2011)
Standard Specification for
Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Panel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1278/C1278M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.4 The text of this specification references notes and
footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and
1.1 This specification covers fiber-reinforced gypsum pan-
footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the
els described in 1.1.1-1.1.4.
standard.
1.1.1 Interior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Panels are de-
signed to be used for walls, ceilings, or partitions and affords
2. Referenced Documents
a suitable surface to receive decoration.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1.2 Water-Resistant Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Backing
C11 Terminology Relating to Gypsum and Related Building
Panels are designed primarily to be used as a base for the
Materials and Systems
application of ceramic or plastic tile on walls or ceilings. This
C22/C22M Specification for Gypsum
product is also suitable for decoration.
C473 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Gypsum Panel
1.1.3 Exterior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Soffıt Panels are
Products
designed for use on exterior soffits and carport ceilings that are
C645 Specification for Nonstructural Steel Framing Mem-
completely protected from contact with liquid water.
bers
1.1.4 Water-Resistant Exterior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum
C1264 Specification for Sampling, Inspection, Rejection,
Sheathing Panels are designed for use as sheathing on build-
Certification, Packaging, Marking, Shipping, Handling,
ings.
and Storage of Gypsum Panel Products
1.1.5 Interior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Underlayment
D1037 Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood-
Panelsaredesignedforuseasabaseforapplicationoffinished
Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
flooring materials.
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
1.1.6 Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Board Panels are designed
Building Materials
for use in roofing systems.
E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of
1.2 Specifications applicable to all fiber-reinforced gypsum
Materials
panelsarelocatedinSections1-4and11-13exceptasmodified
E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction
by applicable product sections. Specifications applicable to
and Materials
specific panels are located in the following sections:
3. Terminology
Interior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Panels 5
Water-Resistant Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Backing Panels 6
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms shall be in accordance
Exterior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Soffit Panels 7
Water-Resistant Exterior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Sheathing 8 with Terminology C11.
Panels
3.1.1 nominal thickness, n—the manufacturer-stated frac-
Interior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Underlayment Panels 9
tional value of thickness of the gypsum panel product ex-
Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Roof Board Panels 10
pressed in decimal value to the nearest one-thousandth (0.001)
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
of an inch.
(metric) are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within
the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
4. Materials and Manufacture
in each system shall be used independently of the other. Values
4.1 Fiber-reinforced gypsum panels shall consist essentially
from the two systems shall not be combined.
of gypsum with fibers dispersed throughout.
4.1.1 Gypsum—Specification C22/C22M.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C11 on
Gypsum and Related Building Materials and Systems and is the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee C11.01 on Specifications and Test Methods for Gypsum Products. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published June 2012. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C1278/C1278M – 07a. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/C1278_C1278M-07AR11. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1278/C1278M − 07a (2011)
4.1.2 Fibers—Cellulose, derived from paper, paperboard
Thickness, in. [mm] Deflection, eighths of an inch, [mm]
⁄2 [12.7] 3 [10]
stock, wood, or other organic material.
⁄8 [15.9] 2 [6]
4.2 Thebacksurfaceoffoil-backedfiber-reinforcedgypsum
5.1.3 Nail Pull Resistance—The specimens shall have an
panels shall in addition be covered with aluminum foil.
average nail pull resistance of not less than the following:
4.3 Water-resistant fiber-reinforced gypsum panels shall be
Thickness, in. [mm] Method B, lbf [N]
treated with a material that imparts water resistance through-
⁄2 [12.7] 120 [535]
⁄8 [15.9] 145 [645]
out.
5.2 Dimensions and Tolerances of Interior Fiber-Reinforced
4.4 Fiber-reinforced gypsum panels, type X (special fire-
Gypsum Panel:
resistant)designatesfiber-reinforcedgypsumpanelscomplying
5.2.1 Specimens shall be taken from samples in accordance
with this specification that provide not less than 1-h fire
5 3
with Specification C1264.
resistance rating for panels ⁄8-in. [15.9-mm] thick or ⁄4-h fire
5.2.1.1 Specimens shall be tested in accordance with Test
resistance rating for panels ⁄2-in. [12.7-mm] thick, applied
parallel with and on each side of load bearing 2 by 4 wood Methods C473.
1 5
studs spaced 16 in. [406 mm] on center with 6d coated nails,
5.2.2 Thickness—The thickness shall be ⁄2 or ⁄8 in. [12.7 or
7 1
1 ⁄8-in. [48-mm] long, 0.0915-in. [2.3-mm] diameter shank, ⁄4-
15.9 mm] with tolerances of 6 0.015 in. [6 0.40 mm], and
in. [6.4-mm] diameter heads, spaced 7 in. [178 mm] on center
with a local tolerance of 6 0.030 in. [6 0.80 mm].
with fiber-reinforced gypsum panel joints staggered 16 in. [406
5.2.3 Width—The width shall be up to 54 in. [1370 mm],
mm] on each side of the partition and tested in accordance with 3
with a tolerance of ⁄32 in. [3 mm] under the specified width.
Test Methods E119.
5.2.4 End Squareness—Corners shall be square with a
tolerance of 6 ⁄8 in. [6 3 mm] in the full width of the panel.
NOTE 1—Consult producers for independent test data on assembly
details and fire resistance ratings for other types of construction. See fire
5.3 Edges—The edges shall be either square, beveled,
test reports or listings from recognized fire testing laboratories for
featured, tapered, or featured and tapered.
assembly particulars, materials, and ratings.
4.5 Fiber-reinforced gypsum panels shall have a flame 5.4 Foil-Backed Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Panels:
spread index of not more than 25 when tested in accordance 5.4.1 Foil-backedfiber-reinforcedgypsumpanelsshallmeet
with Test Method E84.
all of the requirements for fiber-reinforced gypsum panels. In
addition, aluminum foil shall be bonded to the back surface.
4.6 Physical Properties, Dimensions, and Tolerances of
5.4.2 When tested in accordance with Test Methods E96/
Gypsum Panel:
E96M, the permeance of foil-backed fiber-reinforced gypsum
4.6.1 Specimens shall be taken from samples obtained in
panels shall be not more than 0.30 perm [17 ng/Pa·s·m ]
accordance with Specification C1264.
(DesiccantMethod)fortheconditionof50 %relativehumidity
4.6.1.1 Specimens shall be tested in accordance with Test
on the face of the panel and 0 % relative humidity on the
Methods C473.
foil-covered back side of the panel.
4.6.2 Core, End, and Edge Hardness—The specimens shall
have an average hardness of not less than 20 lbf [90 N] when
6. Water-Resistant Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Backing
tested in accordance with Method B.
Panels
4.6.3 Edges and Ends—The edges and ends shall be
straight.
6.1 PhysicalPropertiesofWater-ResistantFiber-Reinforced
4.6.4 Length—The nominal length shall be from 6 to 24 ft
Gypsum Backing Panels:
[1830 to 7320 mm], with a tolerance of 6 ⁄4 in. [6 mm] from
6.1.1 Flexural Strength—The specimens shall be tested face
the specified length.
up and face down. The average breaking load shall be not less
4.6.5 Tapered Edge Depth—The average thickness of the
than the following:
edge of recessed or tapered edge shall be not less than 0.020 in.
Thickness, in. [mm] Method B, lbf [N]
[0.51 mm] but not more than 0.090 in. [2.29 mm] less than the
⁄2 [12.7] 110 [490]
average thickness of the fiber-reinforced gypsum panel. ⁄8 [15.9] 155 [690]
6.1.2 Humidified Deflection—The specimens shall have an
5. Interior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Panels
average deflection of not more than the following:
5.1 Physical Properties of Interior Fiber-Reinforced Gyp-
Thickness, in. [mm] Deflection, eighths of an inch, [mm]
sum Panels:
⁄2 [12.7] 3 [10]
⁄8 [15.9] 2 [6]
5.1.1 Flexural Strength—The specimens shall be tested face
up and face down. The average breaking load shall be not less
6.1.3 Nail Pull Resistance—The specimens shall have an
than the following:
average nail pull resistance of not less than the following:
Thickness, in. [mm] Method B, lbf [N]
Thickness, in. [mm] Method B, lbf [N]
⁄2 [12.7] 110 [490]
⁄2 [12.7] 120 [535]
⁄8 [15.9] 155 [690]
⁄8 [15.9] 145 [645]
5.1.2 Humidified Deflection—The specimens shall have an
6.1.4 Water Resistance—The specimens shall have an aver-
average deflection of not more than the following:
age water absorption of not more than 5 weight percentage
after 2-h immersion.
C1278/C1278M − 07a (2011)
6.1.5 Surface Water Absorption—The specimens shall have 8.1.1 Flexural Strength—The specimens shall be tested face
an average face surface water absorption of not more than 1.6 up and face down. The average breaking load shall be not less
g after two hours of elapsed time. than the following:
Thickness, in. [mm] Method B, lbf [N]
6.2 Dimensions and Tolerances of Water-Resistant Fiber-
⁄2 [12.7] 110 [490]
Reinforced Gypsum Backing Panel:
⁄8 [15.9] 155 [690]
6.2.1 Specimens shall be taken from samples obtained in
8.1.2 Humidified Deflection—The specimens shall have an
accordance with Specification C1264.
average deflection of not more than the following:
6.2.1.1 Specimens shall be tested in accordance with Test
Thickness, in. [mm] Deflection, eighths of an inch, [mm]
Methods C473.
⁄2 [12.7] 3 [10]
1 5
6.2.2 Thickness—The nominal thickness shall be ⁄2 or ⁄8
⁄8 [15.9] 2 [6]
in. [12.7 or 15.9 mm] with tolerances of 6 ⁄64 in. [6 0.4
8.1.3 Nail Pull Resistance—The specimens shall have an
mm], and with a local tolerance of 6 ⁄32 in. [6 0.8 mm].
average nail pull resistance of not less than the following:
6.2.3 Width—The width shall be up to 54 in. [1370 mm],
3 Thickness, in. [mm] Method B, lbf [N]
with a tolerance of ⁄32 in. [3 mm] under the specified width.
⁄2 [12.7] 120 [535]
6.2.4 End Squareness—Corners shall be square with a
⁄8 [15.9] 145 [645]
tolerance of 6 ⁄8 in. [6 3 mm] in the full width of the panel.
8.1.4 Water Resistance of Water-Resistant Exterior Fiber-
6.3 Edges—The edges shall be either square, beveled,
Reinforced Gypsum Sheathing Panel—The specimens shall
featured, tapered, or featured and tapered.
have an average water absorption of not more than 10 weight
percentage after 2-h immersion.
7. Exterior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Soffit Panels
8.2 Dimensions and Tolerances of Water-Resistant Exterior
7.1 Physical Properties of Exterior Fiber-Reinforced Gyp-
Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Sheathing Panels:
sum Soffıt Panels:
8.2.1 Specimens shall be taken from samples obtained in
7.1.1 Flexural Strength—The specimens shall be tested face
accordance with Specification C1264.
up and face down. The average breaking load shall be not less
8.2.1.1 Specimens shall be tested in accordance with Test
than the following:
Methods C473.
Thickness, in. [mm] Method B, lbf [N]
1 1
⁄2 [12.7] 110 [490]
8.2.2 Thickness—The nominal thickness shall be from ⁄2 or
⁄8 [15.9] 155 [690]
5 1
⁄8 in. [12.7 or 15.9 mm] with tolerances of 6 ⁄32 in. [6 0.8
7.1.2 Humidified Deflection—The specimens shall have an
mm], and with a local tolerance of 6 ⁄16 in. [6 1.6 mm].
average deflection of not more than the following:
8.2.3 Width—The nominal width shall be 24 or 48 in. [610
Thickness, in. [mm] Deflection, eighths of an inch, [mm] or 1220 mm], with a tolerance of ⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] under the
⁄2 [12.7] 3 [10]
specified width.
⁄8 [15.9] 2 [6]
8.2.4 End Squareness—Corners shall be square with a
7.1.3 Nail Pull Resistance—The specimens shall have an
tolerance of 6 ⁄8 in. [6 3 mm] in the full width of the panel.
average nail pull resistance of not less than the following:
8.3 Edges—The edges shall be either square or V-tongue
Thickness, in. [mm] Method B, lbf [N]
⁄2 [12.7] 120 [535] and groove.
⁄8 [15.9] 145 [645]
7.2 Dimensions and Tolerances of Exterior Fiber-
9. Interior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum Underlayment
Reinforced Gypsum Soffıt Panel:
Panels
7.2.1 Specimens shall be taken from samples obtained in
9.1 Physical Properties of Interior Fiber-Reinforced Gyp-
accordance with Specification C1264.
sum Underlayment Panels:
7.2.1.1 Specimens shall be tested in accordance with Test
9.1.1 Flexural Strength—The specimens shall be tested face
Methods C473.
up and face down. The average breaking load shall be not less
1 5
7.2.2 Thickness—The nominal thickness shall be ⁄2 or ⁄8
than the following:
in. [12.7 or 15.9 mm] with tolerances in the thickness of 6 ⁄64
Thickness, in. [mm] Method B, lbf [N]
in. [6 0.4 mm], and with a local tolerance of 6 ⁄32 in. [6 0.8
⁄4 [6.4] 40 [175]
mm].
⁄8 [9.5] 70 [310]
7.2.3 Width—The width shall be up to 54 in. [1370 mm],
⁄2 [12.7] 110 [490]
with a tolerance of ⁄32 in. [3 mm] under the specified width.
9.1.2 Nail Pull resistance—The specimens shall have an
7.2.4 End Squareness—Corners shall be square with a
average nail pull resistance of not less than the following:
tolerance of 6 ⁄8 in. [6 3 mm] in the full width of the panel.
Thickness, in. [mm] Method B, lbf [N]
⁄4 [6.4] 70 [310]
7.3 Edges—The edges shall be either square, beveled,
⁄8 [9.5] 90 [400]
featured, tapered, or featured and tapered.
⁄2 [12.7] 120 [535]
8. Water-Resistant Exterior Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum
9.2 Dimensions and Tolerances of Interior Fiber-Reinforced
Sheathing Panels
Gypsum Underlayment Panels:
8.1 Physical Properties of Water-Resistant Exterior Fiber- 9.2.1 Specifications shall be taken from samples in accor-
Reinforced Gypsum Sheathing Panels: dance with Specification C1264.
C1
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