ASTM D5256-05(2009)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Relative Efficacy of Dynamic Solvent Systems for Dissolving Water-Formed Deposits
Standard Test Method for Relative Efficacy of Dynamic Solvent Systems for Dissolving Water-Formed Deposits
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is useful because the choice of a solvent system for removing water-formed deposits depends upon the ability of the dynamic solvent system to dissolve both unattached and attached deposits.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative efficacy of dynamic solvent systems for dissolving water-formed deposits that have been removed from the underlying material or deposits attached to the underlying material.
1.2 The nature of this test method is such that statements of precision and bias as determined by round robin tests could mislead users of this test method (see Sections 11 and 12). Therefore, no precision and bias statements are made.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5256 − 05(Reapproved 2009) An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Relative Efficacy of Dynamic Solvent Systems for
Dissolving Water-Formed Deposits
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5256; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3483 TestMethodsforAccumulatedDepositioninaSteam
Generator Tube
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative
efficacy of dynamic solvent systems for dissolving water-
3. Terminology
formed deposits that have been removed from the underlying
material or deposits attached to the underlying material.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 water-formed deposits—any accumulation of in-
1.2 The nature of this test method is such that statements of
soluble material derived from water or formed by the reaction
precision and bias as determined by round robin tests could
of water upon the surface in contact with the water.
mislead users of this test method (see Sections 11 and 12).
Therefore, no precision and bias statements are made.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Depositsformedfromorbywaterinall
its phases may be further classified as scale, sludge, corrosion
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
products, or biological deposits. The overall composition of a
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
deposit or some part of a deposit may be determined by
standard.
chemical or spectrographic analysis; the constituents actually
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
present as chemical substances may be identified by micro-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
scope or x-ray diffraction studies. Organisms may be identified
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
by microscopical or biological methods.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 3.1.2 For definitions of other terms used in this test method,
refer to Terminology D1129.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.1 ASTM Standards: 3.2.1 dynamic solvent system—any closed loop system in
which the solvent is in motion across the deposit surface.
D887 Practices for Sampling Water-Formed Deposits
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
3.2.2 single and multiple solvent systems—a single solvent
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
systemisaone-solutiontreatment.Amultiplesolventsystemis
D2331 Practices for Preparation and Preliminary Testing of
a treatment using two or more solutions in sequence.
Water-Formed Deposits
3.2.3 solvent system—specifiedchemicalsorcombinationof
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
chemicals, that may include corrosion inhibitors, formulated to
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
react with and remove deposits.
D3263 Test Methods for Corrosivity of Solvent Systems for
Removing Water-Formed Deposits (Withdrawn 2008)
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method consists of determining the ability of a
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
dynamic solvent system to dissolve deposits.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water and
Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use,
4.2 For the unattached deposits, this test method consists of
On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water.
exposing weighed amounts of deposit to the dynamic solvent
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally
approved 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5256 – 05. DOI: systems and determining the weight loss of the exposed
10.1520/D5256-05R09.
deposit, thereby determining the efficacy of the solvent system.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.3 For the attached deposits, the amount and time required
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
to yield a constant amount of certain loss of interest and the
the ASTM website.
amount of deposit not removed determines the relative efficacy
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. of the dynamic solvent system.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5256 − 05 (2009)
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is useful because the choice of a
solvent system for removing water-formed deposits depends
upon the ability of the dynamic solvent system to dissolve both
unattached and attached deposits.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Common Equipment:
NOTE 1—The equipment listed in this section is basic and serves the
function of this test method. This basic test procedure could be modified
to meet the specific needs of a particular investigation. The test apparatus,
however,mustbeidentifiedandreportedwiththeresults.Forcomparative
type tests, as described in the procedure, it is important that all tests be run
in an identical manner.
6.2 Unattached Deposit Removal (See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2):
6.2.1 Balance, capable of weighing to the nearest 0.1 mg.
6.2.2 Heating Bath, thermostatically controlled to 61°C.
6.2.3 Stirrer, controlled agitation.
6.2.4 Temperature Indicator.
A: Stirrer, B: Pressure Control (Gauge, Vent and Relief), C: Temperature Mea-
6.2.5 Reaction Flask, stirred tests are best accomplished in
surement, D: Temperature Control, E: Heated Autoclave
round bottom flasks.
6.2.6 Condenser.
FIG. 2 High Temperature Test Equipment
6.2.7 Glass Filter Crucibles,Gooch30-mLlowformcourse
fritted disc crucibles.
6.2.8 Vacuum Oven, for drying residual deposits.
6.2.9 Desiccator.
6.3 Attached Deposit Removal (See Fig. 3):
6.3.1 Solvent Heater/Solvent Reservoir .
6.3.2 Sample Holder.
6.3.3 Flow Controller.
6.3.4 Sample System (usually with cooler).
6.3.5 Pressure Relief.
6.3.6 Pump.
A: High Point Pressure Relief, B: Pressure Gauge, C: Vent, D: Solvent Addition
Valve, E: Temperature Measurement, F: Flow Measurement, G: Tube Sample
Holder, H: Variable Speed Pump, I: Sample Valve With Integral Cooler, J: Regu-
lated Heat Source
FIG. 3 Dynamic Test Equipment
6.3.7 Flow Meter.
6.3.8 Temperature Controller.
7. Reagents
7.1 Purity of Reagents—All solvent materials such as acids,
inhibitors, and other additives shall be of the grade normally
A: Condenser, B: Temperature Measurement, C: Stirrer, D: Heated Reaction
employed in chemical cleaning practices for the removal of
Flask
water-formed deposits. Unless otherwise indicated, it is in-
FIG. 1 Low Temperature Test Equipment tended that all chemicals shall conform to the specifications of
D5256 − 05 (2009)
theCommitteeonAnalyticalReagentsoftheAmericanChemi- to room temperature. Weigh the sample to the nearest 0.01 g.
cal Society, where such specifications are available. Repeatuntilconstantweightisobtained.Arecordoftheweight
loss during drying is often used.
7.2 Purity of Water— Unless otherwise indicated references
(2) Air Drying—Air dry the entire quantity of solid, spread
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming
it in a thin layer on a nonreactive impervious surface.Arecord
to Type IV of Specification D1193.
of the loss of weight during air drying is often used.
9.2.1.4 Choose a representative portion of the dried sample
8. Sampling
for testing.
8.1 Collect and preserve the sample in accordance with
9.2.2 Pour a measured volume of the test solvent (see 9.1)
Practices D887 (see Note 2).
into the chosen test apparatus (see Section 6).
NOTE2—IfMethodAofTestMethodsD3483isbeingused,thedeposit
9.2.2.1 The weighed deposit can be added to the solvent
removed in that test can be used in this test method.
prior to heating the solvent; however, a controlled and reported
8.2 Collect and preserve the sample(s) obtained during the temperature must be maintained so that the results between
cleaning of attached deposit sample.
tests can be readily compared.
9.2.3 Heat the solvent to the test temperature while stirring
9. Procedure
at the specified RPM (see Note 3).
9.1 Prepare a water solution of the solvent systems to be
NOTE 3—A stir rate of 60 to 90 RPM is commonly used.
tested using a weight percentage basis for the acid or other
9.2.4 Take a portion of the deposit (see 9.2.1), weigh to the
active material including any additives. Add only inhibitors
nearest 0.01 g and record an original deposit weight. The
supplied in liquid form on a volume basis as prescribed by the
deposit weight should meet a solvent volume/deposit weight
manufacturer.
ratio for this specified application (see Note 4).
9.2 Unattached Deposits:
NOTE 4—Asolvent volume/deposit weight ratio of 100 mL solvent/1 g
9.2.1 Preparation of Sample:
deposit is commonly used.
9.2.1.1 Preliminary Examination—Examine the sample as
9.2.5 After the solvent has stabilized at the test temperature,
collected, using a microscope if available, for structure, color,
draw a sample for analysis, then add the deposit to the solvent.
odor, oil matter, appearance of mother liquor if any, and other
This is
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D5256–00 Designation:D5256–05 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Relative Efficacy of Dynamic Solvent Systems for
Dissolving Water-Formed Deposits
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5256; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative efficacy of dynamic solvent systems for dissolving water-formed
deposits that have been removed from the underlying material or deposits attached to the underlying material.
1.2 The nature of this test method is such that statements of precision and bias as determined by round robin tests could mislead
users of this test method (see Sections 11 and 12). Therefore, no precision and bias statements are made.
1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 887 Practices for Sampling Water-Formed Deposits
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D 2331 Practices for Preparation and Preliminary Testing of Water-Formed Deposits
D 2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Methods of Committee D-19 on Water
D2790Methods for Analysis of Solvent Systems Used for Removal of Water-Formed Deposits Practice for Determination of
Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D 3263 Test Methods for Corrosivity of Solvent Systems for Removing Water-Formed Deposits
D 3483 Test Methods for Accumulated Deposition in a Steam Generator Tube
D4743Test Methods for Efficacy of Solvent Systems for Dissolving Water-Formed Deposits Test Methods for Accumulated
Deposition in a Steam Generator Tube
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 water-formed deposits—any accumulation of insoluble material derived from water or formed by the reaction of water
upon the surface in contact with the water. See 3.1.1.1.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Deposits formed from or by water in all its phases may be further classified as scale, sludge, corrosion
products, or biological deposits. The overall composition of a deposit or some part of a deposit may be determined by chemical
or spectrographic analysis; the constituents actually present as chemical substances may be identified by microscope or x-ray
diffraction studies. Organisms may be identified by microscopical or biological methods.
3.1.2 For definitions of other terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D 1129and Test Method D4743.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 dynamic solvent system—any closed loop system in which the solvent is in motion across the deposit surface.
3.2.2 single and multiple solvent systems—a single solvent system is a one-solution treatment. A multiple solvent system is a
treatment using two or more solutions in sequence.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-19 D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling of Water and
Water-Formed Deposits, Surveillance of Water, and Flow Measurement of Water.
Current edition approved June 10, 2000. Published July 2000. Originally published as D 5256–92. Last previous edition D 5256–92 (1996)on Sampling Water and
Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use, On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water.
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally approved 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 5256 – 05.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 11.02.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D5256–05 (2009)
3.2.3 solvent system—specified chemicals or combination of chemicals, that may include corrosion inhibitors, formulated to
react with and remove deposits.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method consists of determining the ability of a dynamic solvent system to dissolve deposits.
4.2 For the unattached deposits, this test method consists of exposing weighed amounts of deposit to the dynamic solvent
systems and determining the weight loss of the exposed deposit, thereby determining the efficacy of the solvent system.
4.3 For the attached deposits, the amount and time required to yield a constant amount of certain loss of interest and the amount
of deposit not removed determines the relative efficacy of the dynamic solvent system.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is useful because the choice of a solvent system for removing water-formed deposits depends upon the
ability of the dynamic solvent system to dissolve both unattached and attached deposits.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Common Equipment:
NOTE 1—The equipment listed in this section is basic and serves the function of this test method. This basic test procedure could be modified to meet
the specific needs of a particular investigation. The test apparatus, however, must be identified and reported with the results. For comparative type tests,
as described in the procedure, it is important that all tests be run in an identical manner.
6.2 Unattached or Synthetic Deposit RemovalUnattached Deposit Removal (See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2):
6.2.1 Balance, capable of weighing to the nearest 0.1 mg.
6.2.2 Heating Bath, thermostatically controlled to 61°C.
6.2.3 Stirrer, controlled agitation.
6.2.4 Temperature Indicator.
6.2.5 Reaction Flask, stirred tests are best accomplished in round bottom flasks.
6.2.6 Condenser.
6.2.7 Glass Filter Crucibles, Gooch 30-mL low form course fritted disc crucibles.
6.2.8 Vacuum Oven, for drying residual deposits.
6.2.9 Desiccator.
6.3 Attached Deposit Removal (See Fig. 3):
6.3.1 Solvent Heater/Solvent Reservoir .
6.3.2 Sample Holder.
6.3.3 Flow Controller.
6.3.4 Sample System (usually with cooler).
A: Condenser, B: Temperature Measurement, C: Stirrer, D: Heated Reaction
Flask
FIG. 1 Low Temperature Test Equipment
D5256–05 (2009)
A: Stirrer, B: Pressure Control (Gauge, Vent and Relief), C: Temperature Mea-
surement, D: Temperature Control, E: Heated Autoclave
FIG. 2 High Temperature Test Equipment
A: High Point Pressure Relief, B: Pressure Gauge, C: Vent, D: Solvent Addition
Valve, E: Temperature Measurement, F: Flow Measurement, G: Tube Sample
Holder, H: Variable Speed Pump, I: Sample Valve With Integral Cooler, J: Regu-
lated Heat Source
FIG. 3 Dynamic Test Equipment
6.3.5 Pressure Relief.
6.3.6 Pump.
6.3.7 Flow Meter.
6.3.8 Temperature Controller.
7. Reagents
7.1 Purity of Reagents—All solvent materials such as acids, inhibitors, and other additives shall be of the grade normally
employed in chemical cleaning practices for the removal of water-formed deposits. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
all chemicals shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,
D5256–05 (2009)
Society, where such specifications are available.
7.2 Purity of Water— Unless otherwise indicated references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming to
Type IIIV of Specification D 1193.
8. Sampling
8.1 Collect and preserve the sample in accordance with Practices D 887 (see Note 2).
NOTE 2—If Method A of Test Methods D 3483 is being used, the deposit removed in that test can be used in this test method.
8.2 Collect and preserve the sample(s) obtained during the cleaning of attached deposit sample.
9. Procedure
9.1 Prepare a water solution of the solvent systems to be tested using a weight percentage basis for the acid or other active
material including any additives.Add only inhibitors supplied in liquid form on a volume basis as prescribed by the manufacturer.
9.2Synthetic or Unattached Deposits
9.2 Unattached Deposits:
9.2.1Sample preparation shall be in accordance with 9.2 of Test Method D4743
9.2.1 Preparation of Sample:
9.2.1.1 Preliminary Examination—Examine the sample as collected, using a microscope if available, for structure, color, odor,
oil matter, appearance of mother liquor if any, and other characteristics of note (for example, attraction to magnet). Record the
results for future reference. Further information about examination and documentation of the nature of deposits can be found in
Practices D 2331.
9.2.2Pour a measured volume of the test solvent (see
(1) Filtration and other steps in the preparation of the sample may frequently be bypassed; for example, a moist sample that
contains no separated water or an apparent dry sample shall be started in accordance with 9.2.1.3( 1), and a dry sample shall be
started in accordance with 9.2.1.4.
9.2.1.2 Filtration of Sample—If the sample includes an appreciable quantity of separated water, remove the solid material by
filtration. Save the filtrate, undiluted, pending decision as to whether or not its chemical examination is required. Transfer all of
the solid sample to the filter, using the filtrate to rinse the sample container if necessary.Air-drying o
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.