ASTM C373-88(1999)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Water Absorption, Bulk Density, Apparent Porosity, and Apparent Specific Gravity of Fired Whiteware Products
Standard Test Method for Water Absorption, Bulk Density, Apparent Porosity, and Apparent Specific Gravity of Fired Whiteware Products
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining water absorption, bulk density, apparent porosity, and apparent specific gravity of fired unglazed whiteware products.
1.2 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C 373 – 88 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Test Method for
Water Absorption, Bulk Density, Apparent Porosity, and
Apparent Specific Gravity of Fired Whiteware Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 373; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope edgesorcornersshallberemoved.Thespecimensshallcontain
no cracks.The individual test specimens shall weigh at least 50
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining
g.
water absorption, bulk density, apparent porosity, and apparent
specific gravity of fired unglazed whiteware products.
5. Procedure
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 Dry the test specimens to constant mass (Note 1) by
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
heating in an oven at 150°C (302°F), followed by cooling in a
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
desiccator. Determine the dry mass, D, to the nearest 0.01 g.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—The drying of the specimens to constant mass and the
determination of their masses may be done either before or after the
2. Significance and Use
specimens have been impregnated with water. Usually the dry mass is
determined before impregnation. However, if the specimens are friable or
2.1 Measurement of density, porosity, and specific gravity is
evidence indicates that particles have broken loose during the impregna-
a tool for determining the degree of maturation of a ceramic
tion, the specimens shall be dried and weighed after the suspended mass
body, or for determining structural properties that may be
and the saturated mass have been determined, in accordance with 5.3 and
required for a given application.
5.4. In this case, the second dry mass shall be used in all appropriate
calculations.
3. Apparatus and Materials
5.2 Place the specimens in a pan of distilled water and boil
3.1 Balance, of adequate capacity, suitable to weigh accu-
for 5 h, taking care that the specimens are covered with water
rately to 0.01 g.
at all times. Use setter pins or some similar device to separate
3.2 Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of 150 6
the specimens from the bottom and sides of the pan and from
5°C (302 6 9°F).
each other. After the 5-h boil, allow the specimens to soak for
3.3 Wire Loop, Halter, or Basket, capable of supporting
an additional 24 h.
specimens under water for making suspended mass measure-
5.3 After impregnation of the test specimens, determine to
ments.
the nearest 0.01 g the mass, S, of each specimen while
3.4 Container—A glass beaker or similar container of such
suspended in water. Perform the weighing by placing the
size and shape that the sample, when suspended from the
specimen in a wire loop, halter, or basket that is suspended
balance by the wire loop, specified in 3.3, is completely
from one arm of the balance. Before actually weighing,
immersed in water with the sample and the wire loop being
counterbalance the scale with the loop, halter, or basket in
completely free of contact with any part of the container.
place and immerse in water to the same depth as is used when
3.5 Pan, in which the specimens may be boiled.
the specimens are in place. If it is desired to determine only the
3.6 Distilled Water.
percentage of water absorption, omit the suspended mass
operation.
4. Test Specimens
5.4 After the determination of the suspended mass or after
4.1 At least five representative test specimens shall be
impregnation, if the suspended mass is not determined, blot
selected. The specimens shall be unglazed and shall have as
each specimen lightly with a moistened, lint-free linen or
much of the surface freshly fractured as is practical. Sharp
cotton cloth to remove all excess water from the surface, and
determine the saturated mass,M, to the neares
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.