ASTM E2104-15

Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination of Advanced Aero and Turbine Materials and Components

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The requirements for radiographic examination in this practice are applicable to all types of metallic and nonmetallic material used in designated applications such as gas turbines and flight structures.  
4.2 This practice establishes the basic parameters for the application and control of the radiographic process. This practice may be specified on an engineering drawing, specification or contract; however, it is not a detailed radiographic technique and must be supplemented. Section 7 and Test Methods E1030 and E1032 contain information to help develop detailed radiographic techniques.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes the minimum requirements for radiographic examination of metallic and nonmetallic materials and components used in designated applications such as gas turbine engines and flight structures.  
1.2 The requirements in this practice are intended to control the radiographic process to ensure the quality of radiographic images produced for use in designated applications such as gas turbine engines and flight structures; this practice is not intended to establish acceptance criteria for material or components. When examination is performed in accordance with this practice, engineering drawings, specifications or other applicable documents shall indicate the acceptance criteria.  
1.3 All areas of this practice may be open to agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2015
• ICS: 49.050 - Aerospace engines and propulsion systems
• Technical Committee: E07 - Nondestructive Testing
• Drafting Committee: E07.01 - Radiology (X and Gamma) Method

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2104 − 15
Standard Practice for
Radiographic Examination of Advanced Aero and Turbine
1
Materials and Components
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2104; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E1025Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material
Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality In-
1.1 This practice establishes the minimum requirements for
dicators (IQI) Used for Radiology
radiographicexaminationofmetallicandnonmetallicmaterials
E1030Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Me-
and components used in designated applications such as gas
tallic Castings
turbine engines and flight structures.
E1032Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Weld-
1.2 Therequirementsinthispracticeareintendedtocontrol
ments
the radiographic process to ensure the quality of radiographic
E1079Practice for Calibration of Transmission Densitom-
imagesproducedforuseindesignatedapplicationssuchasgas
eters
turbine engines and flight structures; this practice is not
E1165Test Method for Measurement of Focal Spots of
intended to establish acceptance criteria for material or com-
Industrial X-Ray Tubes by Pinhole Imaging
ponents. When examination is performed in accordance with
E1254Guide for Storage of Radiographs and Unexposed
this practice, engineering drawings, specifications or other
Industrial Radiographic Films
applicable documents shall indicate the acceptance criteria.
E1390Specification for Illuminators Used for Viewing In-
1.3 All areas of this practice may be open to agreement dustrial Radiographs
E1316Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
between the cognizant engineering organization and the
supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering E1815Test Method for Classification of Film Systems for
Industrial Radiography
organization.
E1817Practice for Controlling Quality of Radiological Ex-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
amination by Using Representative Quality Indicators
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
(RQIs)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
E2033Practice for Computed Radiology (Photostimulable
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Luminescence Method)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
E2698Practice for Radiological Examination Using Digital
Detector Arrays
2. Referenced Documents
3
2
2.2 AWS Documents:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ANSI/AWS A2.4Symbols for Welding and Nondestructive
E543Specification forAgencies Performing Nondestructive
Testing
Testing
4
E747Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material Group-
2.3 AIA Documents:
ing Classification of Wire Image Quality Indicators (IQI)
NAS-410Certification and Qualification of Nondestructive
Used for Radiology
Test Personnel
E999Guide for Controlling the Quality of Industrial Radio-
5
2.4 NCRP Documents:
graphic Film Processing
NCRP 51Radiation Protection Design Guidelines for 0.1-
100 MeV Particle Accelerator Facilities
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.01 on
Radiology (X and Gamma) Method.
3
Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E2104-09. DOI: Miami, FL 33126, http://www.aws.org.
4
10.1520/E2104-15. Available fromAerospace IndustriesAssociation ofAmerica, Inc. (AIA), 1000
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or WilsonBlvd.,Suite1700,Arlington,VA22209-3928,http://www.aia-aerospace.org.
5
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on (NCRP), NCRP Publications, 7910 Woodmount Ave., Suite 800, Bethesda, MD
the ASTM website. 20814.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2104 − 15
A
TABLE 1 Lead Screen Thickness
NCRP 91Recommendations on Limits for Exposures to
Lead Thickness, in. (mm)
Ionizing Radiation
B,C
Energy Range/ Front Screen
Back Screen
2.5 Other Government Documents:
Isotopes (Maximum) (Minimum)
NIST Handbook 114General Safety Standard for Installa-
0 – 100 keV 0.001 (0.025) 0.005 (0.127)
tions Using Non-Medical X-ray and Sealed Gamma-ray
101 – 200 keV 0.005 (0.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2104 − 09 E2104 − 15
Standard Practice for
Radiographic Examination of Advanced Aero and Turbine
1
Materials and Components
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2104; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice establishes the minimum requirements for radiographic examination of metallic and nonmetallic materials and
components used in designated applications such as gas turbine engines and flight structures.
1.2 The requirements in this practice are intended to control the radiographic process to ensure the quality of radiographic
images produced for use in designated applications such as gas turbine engines and flight structures; this practice is not intended
to establish acceptance criteria for material or components. When examination is performed in accordance with this practice,
engineering drawings, specifications or other applicable documents shall indicate the acceptance criteria.
1.3 All areas of this practice may be open to agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or
specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
E747 Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material Grouping Classification of Wire Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used for
Radiology
E999 Guide for Controlling the Quality of Industrial Radiographic Film Processing
E1025 Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality Indicators (IQI)
Used for Radiology
E1030 Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Metallic Castings
E1032 Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Weldments
E1079 Practice for Calibration of Transmission Densitometers
E1165 Test Method for Measurement of Focal Spots of Industrial X-Ray Tubes by Pinhole Imaging
E1254 Guide for Storage of Radiographs and Unexposed Industrial Radiographic Films
E1390 Specification for Illuminators Used for Viewing Industrial Radiographs
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
E1815 Test Method for Classification of Film Systems for Industrial Radiography
E1817 Practice for Controlling Quality of Radiological Examination by Using Representative Quality Indicators (RQIs)
E2033 Practice for Computed Radiology (Photostimulable Luminescence Method)
E2698 Practice for Radiological Examination Using Digital Detector Arrays
3
2.2 AWS Documents:
ANSI/AWS A2.4 Symbols for Welding and Nondestructive Testing
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.01 on Radiology (X and
Gamma) Method.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2009June 1, 2015. Published January 2009June 2015. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 20012009 as
E2104 - 01.E2104 - 09. DOI: 10.1520/E2104-09.10.1520/E2104-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd., Miami, FL 33126, http://www.aws.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2104 − 15
A
TABLE 1 Lead Screen Thickness
Lead Thickness, in. (mm)
B,C
Energy Range/ Front Screen
Back Screen
Isotopes (Maximum) (Minimum)
0 – 100 keV 0.001 (0.025) 0.005 (0.127)
101 – 200 keV 0.005 (0.127) 0.005 (0.127)
201 – 320 keV 0.010 (0.254) 0.005 (0.127)
Se-75 0.010 (0.254) 0.005 (0.127)
321 – 450 keV 0.015 (0.381) 0.010 (0.254)
Ir-192 0.015 (0.381) 0.010 (0.254)
451 keV – 2 MeV 0.020 (0.508) 0.010 (0.254)
Co-60 0.020 (0.508) 0.010 (0.254)
>2 MeV 0.125 (3.175) 0.010 (0.254)
A
Pre-packed film, with or without lead screens, may be used provided
...