ASTM B905-00(2005)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Assessing the Adhesion of Metallic and Inorganic Coatings by the Mechanized Tape Test
Standard Test Methods for Assessing the Adhesion of Metallic and Inorganic Coatings by the Mechanized Tape Test
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
If a coating is to fulfill its function of protecting or imparting unique properties to the surface of a substrate, it must adhere to the substrate for the expected service life. Because surface preparation (or lack of it) has a drastic effect on adhesion of coatings, a test method for evaluating adhesion to different surface treatments or of different coatings to the same treatment is of considerable use to the industry.
The limitations of all adhesion methods, and the specific limitation of this test method to lower levels of adhesion (see 1.3) should be recognized before using it. These test methods are mechanized adaptations of Test Methods D 3359; therefore, the intra- and interlaboratory precision of these test methods are similar to Test Methods D 3359 and to other widely-accepted tests for coated substrates, for example, Test Method D 2370, but this is partly the result of it being insensitive to all but large differences in adhesion. The pass-fail scale of 0 to 5 for Method B1 and B2 was selected deliberately to avoid a false impression of being sensitive.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods describe procedures for assessing the adhesion of metallic and inorganic coatings and other thin films to metallic and nonmetallic substrates. Assessment is made by applying pressure-sensitive tape to a coated surface and then utilizing a mechanical device to remove the tape at a regulated, uniform rate and constant angle while simultaneously recording the removal force.
1.2 Four methods are described. Methods A1 and A2 are intended primarily for use on parts. Methods B1 and B2 are intended primarily for use in laboratory evaluations. Methods B1 and B2 are not recommended for testing coatings and films on polymer substrates.
1.3 These test methods may be used to establish whether the adhesion of a coating to a substrate is within a required range (between a quantified low and a quantified high level). Determination of actual adhesive forces requires more sophisticated methods of measurement. In multilayer systems adhesion failure may occur between intermediate coating layers so that the adhesion of the total coating system to the substrate may not necessarily be determined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:B905–00(Reapproved 2005)
Standard Test Methods for
Assessing the Adhesion of Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
by the Mechanized Tape Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B905; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope B252 Guide for Preparation of Zinc Alloy Die Castings for
Electroplating and Conversion Coatings
1.1 These test methods describe procedures for assessing
B253 Guide for Preparation of Aluminum Alloys for Elec-
the adhesion of metallic and inorganic coatings and other thin
troplating
films to metallic and nonmetallic substrates. Assessment is
B254 Practice for Preparation of and Electroplating on
made by applying pressure-sensitive tape to a coated surface
Stainless Steel
and then utilizing a mechanical device to remove the tape at a
B281 Practice for Preparation of Copper and Copper-Base
regulated, uniform rate and constant angle while simulta-
Alloys for Electroplating and Conversion Coatings
neously recording the removal force.
B319 Guide for Preparation of Lead and Lead Alloys for
1.2 Four methods are described. Methods A1 and A2 are
Electroplating
intended primarily for use on parts. Methods B1 and B2 are
B320 Practice for Preparation of Iron Castings for Electro-
intended primarily for use in laboratory evaluations. Methods
plating
B1 and B2 are not recommended for testing coatings and films
B343 Practice for Preparation of Nickel for Electroplating
on polymer substrates.
with Nickel
1.3 Thesetestmethodsmaybeusedtoestablishwhetherthe
B480 Guide for Preparation of Magnesium and Magnesium
adhesion of a coating to a substrate is within a required range
Alloys for Electroplating
(between a quantified low and a quantified high level). Deter-
B481 Practice for Preparation of Titanium and Titanium
mination of actual adhesive forces requires more sophisticated
Alloys for Electroplating
methods of measurement. In multilayer systems adhesion
B482 Practice for Preparation of Tungsten and Tungsten
failure may occur between intermediate coating layers so that
Alloys for Electroplating
the adhesion of the total coating system to the substrate may
B537 Practice for Rating of Electroplated Panels Subjected
not necessarily be determined.
to Atmospheric Exposure
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
B538 Method of FACT (Ford Anodized Aluminum Corro-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sion) Test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
B629 Practice for Preparation of Molybdenum and Molyb-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
denum Alloys for Electroplating
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
B630 Practice for Preparation of Chromium for Electroplat-
2. Referenced Documents
ing with Chromium
B727 Practice for Preparation of Plastics Materials for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Electroplating
B183 Practice for Preparation of Low-Carbon Steel for
D1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and
Electroplating
Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting
B242 Guide for Preparation of High-Carbon Steel for Elec-
D1731 Practices for Preparation of Hot-Dip Aluminum
troplating
Surfaces for Painting
D1732 Practices for Preparation of Magnesium Alloy Sur-
faces for Painting
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on
D2370 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coat-
Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
ings
B08.10 on Test Methods.
Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originally
D3330/D3330M Test Method for Peel Adhesion of
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as B905 – 00. DOI:
Pressure-Sensitive Tape
10.1520/B0905-00R05.
2 D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Withdrawn.
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B905–00 (2005)
3. Summary of Test Method wide,semitransparent,pressure-sensitivetapewithanadhesion
strength of 43 6 5.6 g/mm or N/100 mm width when tested in
3.1 Pressure-sensitive tape is adhered to the surface of the
accordance with D3330/D3330M. The adhesion shall not
coating and then removed utilizing a motorized mechanical
change by more than + 6.5 % of its mean value within 12
device that peels the tape at a constantly maintained angle and
months.Thebackingofthetapemayconsistoffiber-reinforced
controlled rate of peel.Adigital recording force gage is used to
cellulose acetate, unplasticized poly (vinyl chloride), or poly-
record the maximum peel force.
ester film. When results obtained in different laboratories do
NOTE 1—All due care must be taken to ensure that test specimens are
notagreeitisrecommendedthatthetestberepeatedusingtape
handled and stored such that they are not subjected to conditions that will
from the same batch.
cause deleterious effects. These conditions include but are not limited to
5.3 Roller—The roller, which is hand operated, consists of
handling without the use of gloves, storing in areas that accumulate dust,
a steel roller 85 6 2.5 mm in diameter and 45 6 1.5 mm in
areas of high humidity or where the sample may be subjected to fumes or
vapors that might condense on the sample. width, covered with rubber approximately 6 mm in thickness,
having a Shore scale A durometer hardness of 80 6 5. The
3.2 Methods A1 and A2:
surfaceoftherollershallbeatruecylindervoidofanyconcave
3.2.1 In these methods, which are nondestructive, the mea-
orconvexdeviations.Themassoftherollershallbe2040 645
surement area used is the unbroken coating surface with peel
g.
angles of 90 and 180° respectively.
3.2.2 Adhesion is assessed in terms of “passed,” if the
NOTE 2—A standardized roller is used in place of the pencil eraser of
coating does not detach, or “failed,” if the coating detaches Test Methods D3359 because of the variety of rubber and abrasives
formulations used to make pencil erasers.Afurther consideration was the
within the specified range of peel forces as recorded during the
extended range of localized pressures that could be exerted by the pencil
test.
and eraser.
3.3 Methods B1 and B2:
3.3.1 In these methods, which are destructive, the measure-
TEST METHOD A
ment area used is a broken coating surface created by scoring
NONDESTRUCTIVE, PARTS TAPE TEST
alatticepatternthroughthecoatingtothesubstrateandpeeling
at angles of 90 and 180°, respectively. 6. Test Specimen
3.3.2 Adhesion is assessed qualitatively on the 0 to 5 scale.
6.1 Parts—This test normally is performed on parts. Any
requirements for test specimens will be found in the document
4. Significance and Use
specifying their use.
4.1 If a coating is to fulfill its function of protecting or
NOTE 3—When specified by the document referencing this test, the
imparting unique properties to the surface of a substrate, it
coated parts shall be subjected to a preliminary exposure, such as water
must adhere to the substrate for the expected service life.
immersion, salt spray, or humidity, before conducting the tape test.
Because surface preparation (or lack of it) has a drastic effect
7. Procedure
on adhesion of coatings, a test method for evaluating adhesion
to different surface treatments or of different coatings to the
7.1 Test Area—Select a flat area, on a significant surface,
same treatment is of considerable use to the industry.
free of blemishes and minor surface imperfections. Ensure that
4.2 The limitations of all adhesion methods, and the specific
the surface is clean and dry. Extremes in temperature or
limitation of this test method to lower levels of adhesion (see
relative humidity may affect the adhesion of the tape or the
1.3) should be recognized before using it. These test methods
coating.
are mechanized adaptations of Test Methods D3359; therefore,
7.2 Tape Section—Remove two complete laps of the
the intra- and interlaboratory precision of these test methods
pressure-sensitive tape from the roll and discard. Remove an
are similar to Test Methods D3359 and to other widely-
additional length at a steady (that is, not jerked) rate and cut a
accepted tests for coated substrates, for example, Test Method
piece off at least 100 mm long plus an additional length equal
D2370, but this is partly the result of it being insensitive to all
to the space between the test surface and the grip on the fixture
but large differences in adhesion. The pass-fail scale of 0 to 5
for pulling the tape.
for Method B1 and B2 was selected deliberately to avoid a
7.3 TapePlacement—Carefullyplacethetapeontheareaof
false impression of being sensitive.
coating to be tested and lightly press and smooth the tape into
place, taking care to prevent any entrapment of air bubbles
5. Apparatus and Materials
between the tape and the coating. Once the tape is in place, roll
thetapefirmly;onceineachlengthwisedirection(see5.3).The
5.1 PeelTestFixture—Thefixtureshallconsistofaframeto
color under the semi-transparent tape is a useful indication of
which the specimen is rigidly clamped, and a moveable beam
when good contact has been made.
by which the tape is pulled off under a constant peel angle of
7.4 Time, Rate, and Angle:
90 (MethodA1 and B1) or 180° (MethodA2 and B2).The peel
rate should be controllable between 20 mm/s and 200 mm/s for
Method A1 and B1 and between 14 mm/s and 140 mm/s for
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
Methods A2 and B2. A recording force gage is fitted between
is Pressure-Sensitive Tape Council (PSTC), 104 Wilmot Rd., Suite 201, Deerfield,
the tape grip and the movable beam (see Fig. 1).
IL 60015. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information
5.2 Pressure-Sensitive Tape—Unless otherwise specified in
to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consid-
the document referencing this test, the tape shall be 25 mm eration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
B905–00 (2005)
NOTE 1—Item 1 is the pneumatic cylinder traverse channel; 2 is the pneumatic pull cylinder; 3 is the pneumatic cylinder traverse which is shown in
the 90° pull position; 4 is the digital force gage, which is attached to the piston rod; 5 is the tape gri
...
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