ASTM D2105-01(2014)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Longitudinal Tensile Properties of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and Tube
Standard Test Method for Longitudinal Tensile Properties of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and Tube
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tensile properties include modulus of elasticity, yield stress, elongation beyond yield point, tensile strength, elongation at break, and energy absorption. Materials possessing a low order of ductility may not exhibit a yield point. Stress-strain data at several levels of temperature, humidity, time, or other variables may be needed to furnish reasonably accurate indications of the behavior of the material.
4.2 Tension tests may provide data for research and development, engineering design, quality control, acceptance or rejection under specifications, and for special purposes (Note 3). The tests cannot be considered significant for applications differing widely from the load-time scale of the standard test (Note 4). Such applications require more suitable tests, such as impact, creep, and fatigue. Note 3—It is realized that the method of preparation of a material is one of the many variables that affect the results obtained in testing a material. Hence, when comparative tests of materials per se are desired, the greatest care must be exercised to ensure that all samples are prepared in exactly the same way; similarly, for referee or comparative tests of any given series of specimens, care must be taken to secure the maximum degree of uniformity in details of preparation, treatment, and handling. Note 4—Reinforcements of plastics with glass fiber offer wide opportunities for designing and producing products with markedly different responses to loading even when the basic geometry of the product is similar. For example, a tubular product may be designed to give maximum resistance to torsion loading, but such a product might develop a twist or bow if tested in tension or under internal pressure loading. In the case of pipe for general field use, internal pressure, as well as loads in tension, compression, torsion, and flexure must be resisted to some degree. Different pipe producers have chosen, by design, to offer products having different balances of resist...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the comparative longitudinal tensile properties of fiberglass pipe when tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, and testing machine speed. Both glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipes. Note 1—For the purposes of this standard, polymer does not include natural polymer.
1.2 This test method is generally limited to pipe diameter of 6 in. (150 mm) or smaller. Larger sizes may be tested if required apparatus is available.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2105 − 01 (Reapproved 2014) An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Longitudinal Tensile Properties of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-
Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and Tube
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2105; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1600 Terminology forAbbreviatedTerms Relating to Plas-
tics
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the com-
D3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiberglass”
parative longitudinal tensile properties of fiberglass pipe when
(Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and
tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature,
Fittings
and testing machine speed. Both glass-fiber-reinforced
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
polymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipes.
someter Systems
NOTE 1—For the purposes of this standard, polymer does not include
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
natural polymer.
1.2 This test method is generally limited to pipe diameter of
3. Terminology
6 in. (150 mm) or smaller. Larger sizes may be tested if
3.1 General—Definitions are in accordance with Terminol-
required apparatus is available.
ogy D883 and F412 and abbreviations are in accordance with
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Terminology D1600, unless otherwise indicated.
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided
3.2 Other definitions of terms and symbols relating to
for information purposes only.
tension testing of plastics appear in theAnnex to Test Methods
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D638 and D638M.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.3.1 aggregate—a siliceous sand conforming to the re-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
quirements of Specification C33, except that the requirements
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
for gradation shall not apply.
NOTE 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
3.3.2 exterior surface resin layer—a resin layer, with or
2. Referenced Documents
without filler or reinforcement, or both, applied to the exterior
surface of the pipe structural wall.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
3.3.3 fiberglass pipe—a tubular product containing glass
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
fiber reinforcement embedded in or surrounded by cured
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
thermosetting resin; the composite structure may contain
D638M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics (Met-
aggregate, granular or platelet fillers, thixotropic agents,
ric) (Withdrawn 1996)
pigments, or dyes; thermoplastic or thermosetting liners may
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
be included.
3.3.4 liner—the inner portion of the wall at least 0.005 in.
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics (0.13 mm) in thickness, as determined in 9.1.2, which does not
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on Reinforced Plastic
contribute to the strength in the determination of the hydro-
Piping Systems and Chemical Equipment.
static design basis.
Current edition approved March 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originally
ε1
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D2105 – 01(2007) .
3.3.5 reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP)—afiberglass
DOI: 10.1520/D2105-01R14.
pipe with aggregate.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.3.6 reinforced thermosetting resin pipe (RTRP)—a fiber-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
glass pipe without aggregate.
the ASTM website.
3.3.7 reinforced wall thickness—the total wall thickness
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. minus the liner or exterior coating thickness, or both.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2105 − 01 (2014)
4. Significance and Use centerlineofthegripassembly.Thetestspecimenshallbeheld
in such a way that slippage relative to the grips is prevented
4.1 Tensile properties include modulus of elasticity, yield
insofar as possible. The grips shall be designed so that no
stress, elongation beyond yield point, tensile strength, elonga-
crushing load shall be applied to the pipe ends.Asuggested set
tion at break, and energy absorption. Materials possessing a
of grips and mandrels is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
low order of ductility may not exhibit a yield point. Stress-
5.1.4 Drive Mechanism—A drive mechanism for imparting
strain data at several levels of temperature, humidity, time, or
to the movable member a uniform, controlled velocity with
other variables may be needed to furnish reasonably accurate
respect to the stationary member, this velocity to be regulated
indications of the behavior of the material.
as specified in 9.3.
4.2 Tension tests may provide data for research and
5.1.5 Load Indicator—A suitable load-indicating mecha-
development, engineering design, quality control, acceptance
nism capable of showing the total tensile load carried by the
or rejection under specifications, and for special purposes
test specimen when held by the grips.This mechanism shall be
(Note 3). The tests cannot be considered significant for
essentially free from inertia lag at the specified rate of testing
applications differing widely from the load-time scale of the
and shall indicate the load with an accuracy of 61 % of the
standard test (Note 4). Such applications require more suitable
indicated value, or better. The accuracy of the testing machine
tests, such as impact, creep, and fatigue.
shall be verified in accordance with Practice E4.
NOTE 3—It is realized that the method of preparation of a material is
NOTE 6—Experience has shown that many testing machines now in use
one of the many variables that affect the results obtained in testing a
are incapable of maintaining accuracy for as long as the periods between
material. Hence, when comparative tests of materials per se are desired,
inspection recommended in Practice E4. Hence, it is recommended that
the greatest care must be exercised to ensure that all samples are prepared
each machine be studied individually and verified as often as necessary. It
in exactly the same way; similarly, for referee or comparative tests of any
will frequently be necessary to perform this function daily.
given series of specimens, care must be taken to secure the maximum
degree of uniformity in details of preparation, treatment, and handling.
5.1.6 The fixed member, movable member, drive
NOTE 4—Reinforcements of plastics with glass fiber offer wide oppor-
mechanism, and grips shall be constructed of such materials
tunities for designing and producing products with markedly different
and in such proportions that the total elastic longitudinal strain
responses to loading even when the basic geometry of the product is
of the system constituted by these parts does not exceed 1 % of
similar.Forexample,atubularproductmaybedesignedtogivemaximum
the total longitudinal strain between the two gage marks on the
resistance to torsion loading, but such a product might develop a twist or
bow if tested in tension or under internal pressure loading. In the case of
test specimen at any time during the test and at any load up to
pipe for general field use, internal pressure, as well as loads in tension,
the rated capacity of the machine.
compression, torsion, and flexure must be resisted to some degree.
5.2 Extension Indicator—A suitable instrument for deter-
Different pipe producers have chosen, by design, to offer products having
different balances of resistance to such stressing conditions.As a result, it
mining the distance between two fixed points located within
is important that the purchaser and the seller both have a clear under-
the gage length of the test specimen at any time during the test.
standing and agreement on the significance of this test method relative to
It is desirable, but not essential, that this instrument automati-
the intended use.
cally record this distance (or any change in it) as a function of
5. Apparatus the load on the test specimen or of the elapsed time from the
start of the test, or both. If only the latter is obtained, load-time
5.1 Testing Machine—A testing machine of the constant-
data must also be taken. This instrument shall be free of inertia
rate-of-crosshead-movement type (Note 5) and comprising
lag at the specified speed of testing and shall be accurate to6
essentially the following:
1 % of strain or better.
NOTE 5—It is recognized that the constant rate-of-crosshead-movement
NOTE 7—Reference is made to Practice E83.
type of test leaves much to be desired from a theoretical standpoint, that
wide differences may exist between gage marks on the specimen, and that
5.3 Micrometers—Suitable micrometers, reading to at least
the testing speeds specified disguise important effects characteristic of
0.001in.(0.025mm),formeasuringthediameterandthickness
materials in the plastic state. Further, it is realized that variations in the
of the test specimens.
thicknesses of test specimens, which are permitted by these procedures,
produce variations in the surface-volume ratios of such specimens, and
that these variations may influence the test results. Hence, where directly
6. Test Specimen
comparable results are desired, all samples should be of equal thickness
and outside diameter. Appropriate modifications of the test procedure 6.1 The test specimens shall be sections of fiberglass pipe or
should be used when more precise physical data are needed.
tubing with a minimum length of 18 in. (45.7 cm) between
grips.
5.1.1 Fixed Member—A fixed or essentially stationary
member carrying one grip.
6.2 All surfaces of each specimen shall be free from visible
5.1.2 Movable Member—A movable member carrying a
flaws, scratches, or imperfections.
second grip.
6.3 The minimum gage length shall be 2.0 in. (5.1 cm) for
5.1.3 Grips—Grips fo
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