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ASTM D3172-13

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke

Standard Practice for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Test methods, as herein described, can be used to establish the rank of coals, show the ratio of combustible to incombustible constituents, provide the basis for buying and selling, and evaluate for beneficiation or for other purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the determination of moisture, volatile matter, and ash and the calculation of fixed carbon on coals and cokes sampled and prepared by prescribed methods and analyzed according to ASTM established procedures.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2013
ICS
75.160.10 - Solid fuels
Technical Committee
D05 - Coal and Coke
Drafting Committee
D05.21 - Methods of Analysis
Current Stage
Ref Project

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3172 − 13
Standard Practice for
1
Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3172; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D7582 Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and
Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis
1.1 This practice covers the determination of moisture,
volatile matter, and ash and the calculation of fixed carbon on
3. Terminology
coals and cokes sampled and prepared by prescribed methods
3.1 Definitions:
and analyzed according to ASTM established procedures.
3.1.1 proximate analysis of coal and coke—an assay of the
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
moisture, ash and volatile matter as determined by prescribed
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
methods and the calculation of fixed carbon by difference.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Other constituents such as sulfur and characteristics such as
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
gross calorific value are not included.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.2 For additional definitions of terms used in this
2. Referenced Documents
practice, refer to Terminology D121.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Significance and Use
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke 4.1 Test methods, as herein described, can be used to
Samples for Laboratory Analysis establish the rank of coals, show the ratio of combustible to
D388 Classification of Coals by Rank incombustible constituents, provide the basis for buying and
D2013/D2013M Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for selling, and evaluate for beneficiation or for other purposes.
Analysis
5. Sampling
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample
of Coal
5.1 If the proximate analysis is to be used for classification
D3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of
of coal by rank, coal sample collection shall be in accordance
Coal and Coke
with Classification D388. Otherwise, coal sample collection
D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal
shall be done in accordance with any of the following Guides
and Coke from Coal
or Practices as appropriate:
D3175 Test Method for Volatile Matter in the Analysis
Guide D6609, Practice D4596, Practice D5192, Practice
Sample of Coal and Coke
D6883, and Practice D7430. In all other cases, sample collec-
D4596 Practice for Collection of Channel Samples of Coal
tion shall be in accordance with Practice D2234/D2234M.
in a Mine
5.2 Coke sampling shall be done in accordance with Prac-
D5192 Practice for Collection of Coal Samples from Core
tice D346.
D6883 Practice for Manual Sampling of Stationary Coal
from Railroad Cars, Barges, Trucks, or Stockpiles
6. Analysis Sample
D6609 Guide for Part-Stream S
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3172 − 07a D3172 − 13
Standard Practice for
1
Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3172; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This practice covers the determination of moisture, volatile matter, and ash and the calculation of fixed carbon on coals and
cokes sampled and prepared by prescribed methods and analyzed according to ASTM established procedures.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke Samples for Laboratory Analysis
D388 Classification of Coals by Rank
D2013D2013/D2013M Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample of Coal
D3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal
D3175 Test Method for Volatile Matter in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
D4596 Practice for Collection of Channel Samples of Coal in a Mine
3
D4916 Practice for Mechanical Auger Sampling (Withdrawn 2008)
D5192 Practice for Collection of Coal Samples from Core
D6883 Practice for Manual Sampling of Stationary Coal from Railroad Cars, Barges, Trucks, or Stockpiles
D6609 Guide for Part-Stream Sampling of Coal
D7256/D7256MD7430 Practice for Mechanical Collection and Within-System Preparation of a Gross Sample of Coal from
Moving StreamsSampling of Coal (Withdrawn 2008)
D7582 Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 proximate analysis of coal and coke—an assay of the moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbonash and volatile matter
as determined by prescribed methods. methods and the calculation of fixed carbon by difference. Other constituents such as sulfur
and phosphorus characteristics such as gross calorific value are not included.
3.1.2 For additional definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to Terminology D121.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Test methods, as herein described, can be used to establish the rank of coals, show the ratio of combustible to incombustible
constituents, provide the basis for buying and selling, and evaluate for beneficiation or for other purposes.
5. Sampling
5.1 Coal sample collection shall be in accordance the sampling section of Classification If the D388, if the proximate analysis
is to be used for classification of coal by rank. Other wise, rank, coal sample collection shall be in accordance with Classification
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.21 on Methods of Analysis.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2007Nov. 1, 2013. Published October 2007 November 2013. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as
D3172 – 07.D3172 – 07a. DOI: 10.1520/D3172-07A.10.1520/D3172-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3172 − 13
D388. Otherwise, coal sample collection shall be done in accordance with any of the following Guides or Practices as appropriate:
Guide D6609, Practice D4596, Practice D4916D5192, Practice D5192D6883, and Practice D6883D7430. In all other cases, sample
collection shall be in accordance with Practice D2234/D2234M.
5.2 Coke sampling shall be done in accordance with Practice D346.
6. Analysis Sample
6.1 For coal, sample preparations shall be in accordance with Practices D2013D2013/D2013M or D7256/D7256MD7430. The
analysis sample shall be t
...

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4.1 Coke undergoes various degrees of degradation during removal from coke ovens, transportation, and its decent within a blast furnace to the combustion zone. These processes subject the coke to impact and abrasion. This test method is a relative measure of the resistance of coke to breakage when subjected to these degradation processes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for obtaining a relative measure of the resistance to degradation of coke by impact and abrasion.  
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification of coals by rank, that is, according to their degree of metamorphism, or progressive alteration, in the natural series from lignite to anthracite. These coals are mainly composed of vitrinite. The classification shall be based on gradational properties that depend on the degree of metamorphism. The classification shall also be according to fixed carbon and gross calorific value calculated to the mineral-matter-free basis.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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Note 1: Coals rich in inertinite or liptinite (exinite), or both, cannot be properly classified because, in those macerals, the properties that determine rank (calorific value, volatile matter, and agglomerating character) differ greatly from those of vitrinite in the same coal. Often, such coals can be recognized by megascopic examination. In North America, these coals are mostly nonbanded varieties that contain only a small proportion of vitrain and consist mainly of attrital materials. The degree of metamorphism of nonbanded and other vitrinite-poor coals can be estimated by determining the classification properties of isolated or concentrated vitrinite fractions, or by determining the reflectance of the vitrinite (see Test Method D2798 and Appendix X1 of this classification). However, in the use of these vitrinite-poor coals, some properties normally associated with rank, such as rheology, combustibility, hardness, and grindability (as well as the rank determining properties) may differ substantially from those of vitrinite-rich coals of the same degree of metamorphism.  
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A compositional analysis of ash is used in describing the quality of coal for its complete characterization. Ash composition is useful in predicting slagging and fouling characteristics of combusted materials as well as the potential utilization of ash by-products.  
5.2 The chemical composition of laboratory prepared coal ash is rarely, if ever, representative of the composition of the mineral matter in the coal because the ashing process can alter some minerals. However, it can approximate the composition of the fly ash and slag resulting from commercial combustion of coal.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the analysis of the commonly determined major and minor elements in ash from coal using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques.
Note 1: Test Method D5016 is used for determination of sulfur.
Note 2: Although not included in the present method, the determination of barium, strontium, and manganese may be required to yield adequate totals.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SCOPE
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