ASTM A1035/A1035M-23a

Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain, Low-Carbon, Chromium, Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement

ABSTRACT
This specification covers low-carbon, chromium, steel bars, deformed and plane for concrete reinforcement in cut lengths and coils. The bars shall be rolled from properly identified heats of mold cast or strand cast steel using the basic oxygen, electric-furnace, or open-hearth process. Heat analysis shall be performed wherein steel materials shall conform to required chemical compositions of carbon, chromium, manganese, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon. Steel specimens shall also undergo deformations test, tensile test, and bend test. Steel specimens shall conform to required values of tensile strength, yield strength, stress, and elongation. Final products shall be marked by a tag.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers deformed and plain low-carbon, chromium, steel bars, in cut lengths and coils for concrete reinforcement. These bars are furnished in three alloy types depending on the chromium range content. The standard sizes and dimensions of deformed bars and their number designations are given in Table 1.2  
1.2 Bars are of two minimum yield strength levels as defined in 9.2: namely, 100 000 psi [690 MPa], and 120 000 psi [830 MPa] designated as Grade 100 [690] and Grade 120 [830], respectively.  
1.3 Bars are furnished to three different chemical compositions, designated as Alloy Type CL, CM, and CS. Chemical compositions are shown in Table 2.  
1.4 Plain bars, in sizes up to and including 2.25 in. [57.2 mm] 21/2 in. [63.5 mm] in diameter in coils and cut lengths, when ordered shall be furnished under this specification in Grade 100 [690] and Grade 120 [830]. For ductility properties (elongation and bending), test provisions of the nearest smaller nominal diameter deformed bar size shall apply. Requirements providing for deformations and marking shall not be applicable.
Note 1: Welding of the material in this specification should be approached with caution since no specific provisions have been included to enhance its weldability. When this steel is to be welded, a welding procedure suitable for the chemical composition and intended use or service should be used.
Note 2: Designers need to be aware that design codes and specifications may not recognize the use of the No. 20 [64] bar, the largest bar size included in this specification. Structural members reinforced with No. 20 [64] bars may require approval of the building official or other appropriate authority and require special detailing to ensure adequate performance at service and factored loads.  
1.5 Requirements for alternate bar sizes are presented in Annex A1. The requirements in Annex A1 only apply when specified by the purchaser (see 4.2.4).  
1.6 A supplementary requirement (S1) is provided for use where bend testing of bar designation Nos. 14 and 18 [43, 57], and bar designation Nos. 40, 50, and 60 in Annex A1, is required by the purchaser. The supplementary requirement applies only when specified in the purchase order.  
1.7 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.8 This specification is applicable for orders in either inch-pound units (as Specification A1035) or in SI units (as Specification A1035M).  
1.9 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the specification.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2023
• ICS: 77.140.15 - Steels for reinforcement of concrete
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.05 - Steel Reinforcement

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A1035/A1035M-23 - Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain, Low-Carbon, Chromium, Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM A6/A6M-24 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM A370-24 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM A6/A6M-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM A370-23 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2023
• Refers: ASTM A6/A6M-22 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2022
• Referred By: ASTM A1055/A1055M-22 - Standard Specification for Zinc and Epoxy Dual-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM A1124/A1124M-23 - Standard Specification for Textured Epoxy-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM A1094/A1094M-20 - Standard Specification for Continuous Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM A934/A934M-22 - Standard Specification for Epoxy-Coated Prefabricated Steel Reinforcing Bars
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM A775/A775M-22 - Standard Specification for Epoxy-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023

Overview

ASTM A1035/A1035M-23a is a widely recognized standard specification developed by ASTM International for deformed and plain, low-carbon, chromium, steel bars used as concrete reinforcement. This standard covers both cut lengths and coils, providing precise requirements for chemical composition, mechanical properties, manufacturing processes, testing, and product marking. It ensures these reinforcing bars offer durability, corrosion resistance, and consistent performance across demanding construction environments.

Key Topics

• Product Types and Grades

  • Includes deformed and plain steel bars for concrete reinforcement.
  • Available in Grades 100 [690] and 120 [830], designating minimum yield strengths of 100,000 psi (690 MPa) and 120,000 psi (830 MPa).
  • Furnished in three alloy types (CL, CM, CS) based on chromium content.

• Chemical and Mechanical Properties

  • Specifies limits and ranges for carbon, chromium, manganese, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon.
  • Requires strict adherence to tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and stress criteria.
  • Bars undergo heat analysis, tensile tests, deformation checks, and bend tests.

• Dimensions and Marking

  • Lists standard bar sizes, designations, weights, and nominal dimensions.
  • Deformed bars include surface protrusions ("deformations") to enhance bonding with concrete.
  • Mandatory product marking for manufacturer, grade, size, and alloy type; plain bars identified by tags.

• Manufacturing and Testing

  • Bars may be produced using mold-cast or strand-cast steel by basic oxygen, electric-furnace, or open-hearth methods.
  • Compliance checked by sampling, mechanical testing, and chemical analysis per ASTM methods.

• Order and Packaging Requirements

  • Purchasers specify quantity, type (deformed/plain), size/designation, alloy, grade, cut length or coils, and any additional requirements.
  • Packaging and marking must follow ASTM and applicable military/federal standards when specified.

• Limitations and Cautions

  • Welding should be approached carefully; no specific weldability enhancements are prescribed.
  • The largest bar size (No. 20 [64]) may not be recognized by all design codes and may require special approval and detailing.

Applications

• Reinforcing Concrete Structures
  • Used in construction of buildings, bridges, and infrastructure requiring enhanced strength and durability.
• Corrosion-Resistant Reinforcement
  • Chromium content improves corrosion resistance, making these bars ideal for harsh or chloride-exposed environments such as marine structures, roadways, and parking decks.
• High-Strength Design
  • High yield stress grades (100,000 psi and 120,000 psi) allow for more efficient and slender reinforced concrete designs, supporting modern architectural requirements.
• Infrastructure Modernization
  • Suitable for projects aiming to extend service life and reduce maintenance, including public infrastructure and critical facilities.

Related Standards

• ASTM A6/A6M - General requirements for rolled structural steel products.
• ASTM A370 - Mechanical testing of steel products.
• ASTM A510/A510M - Wire rods and coarse round wire, carbon steel, and alloy steel.
• ASTM A700 - Packaging and loading methods for steel products.
• ASTM A751 - Chemical analysis of steel products.
• ASTM E29 / E290 - Practices for test data and bend testing methods.

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Keywords: concrete reinforcement, chromium steel bars, deformed steel bars, ASTM A1035/A1035M, low-carbon steel, rebar, corrosion resistance, Grade 100, Grade 120, structural steel standards, mechanical testing, construction materials.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A1035/A1035M − 23a
Standard Specification for
Deformed and Plain, Low-Carbon, Chromium, Steel Bars for
Concrete Reinforcement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1035/A1035M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
procedure suitable for the chemical composition and intended use or
1. Scope*
service should be used.
1.1 This specification covers deformed and plain low-
NOTE 2—Designers need to be aware that design codes and specifica-
carbon, chromium, steel bars, in cut lengths and coils for
tions may not recognize the use of the No. 20 [64] bar, the largest bar size
included in this specification. Structural members reinforced with No. 20
concrete reinforcement. These bars are furnished in three alloy
[64] bars may require approval of the building official or other appropriate
types depending on the chromium range content. The standard
authority and require special detailing to ensure adequate performance at
sizes and dimensions of deformed bars and their number
service and factored loads.
designations are given in Table 1.
1.5 Requirements for alternate bar sizes are presented in
1.2 Bars are of two minimum yield strength levels as
Annex A1. The requirements in Annex A1 only apply when
defined in 9.2: namely, 100 000 psi [690 MPa], and 120 000 psi
specified by the purchaser (see 4.2.4).
[830 MPa] designated as Grade 100 [690] and Grade 120
1.6 A supplementary requirement (S1) is provided for use
[830], respectively.
where bend testing of bar designation Nos. 14 and 18 [43, 57],
1.3 Bars are furnished to three different chemical
and bar designation Nos. 40, 50, and 60 in Annex A1, is
compositions, designated as Alloy Type CL, CM, and CS.
required by the purchaser. The supplementary requirement
Chemical compositions are shown in Table 2.
applies only when specified in the purchase order.
1.4 Plain bars, in sizes up to and including 2.25 in.
1.7 The text of this specification references notes and
[57.2 mm] 2 ⁄2 in. [63.5 mm] in diameter in coils and cut
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
lengths, when ordered shall be furnished under this specifica-
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
tion in Grade 100 [690] and Grade 120 [830]. For ductility
considered as requirements of the specification.
properties (elongation and bending), test provisions of the
1.8 This specification is applicable for orders in either
nearest smaller nominal diameter deformed bar size shall
inch-pound units (as Specification A1035) or in SI units (as
apply. Requirements providing for deformations and marking
Specification A1035M).
shall not be applicable.
NOTE 1—Welding of the material in this specification should be
1.9 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
approached with caution since no specific provisions have been included
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
to enhance its weldability. When this steel is to be welded, a welding
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
A01.05 on Steel Reinforcement.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally specification.
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as A1035/A1035M – 23.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accor-
DOI: 10.1520/A1035_A1035M-23A.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Commercial Metals Company has several patented materials (US Patents
#6,273,968, #6,709,534, #7,118,637, #7,214,278) that meet this specification.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Interested parties are invited to submit information regarding the identification of an
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
alternative(s) to this patented item to the ASTM International Headquarters. Your
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible
technical committee, which you may attend. Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A1035/A1035M − 23a
TABLE 1 Deformed Bar Designation Numbers, Nominal Weights [Masses], Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation Requirements
A
Nominal Dimensions Deformation Requirements, in. [mm]
Maximum Gap
Bar Designation Nominal Weight, lb/ft
Cross-Sectional Maximum Minimum (Chord of 12.5 %
Diameter, Perimeter
No. [Nominal Mass, kg/m]
Area, Average Average of
in. [mm] in. [mm]
2 2
in. [mm ] Spacing Height Nominal
Perimeter)
3 [10] 0.376 [ 0.560] 0.375 [ 9.5] 0.11 [ 71] 1.178 [ 29.9] 0.262 [ 6.7] 0.015 [0.38] 0.143 [ 3.6]
4 [13] 0.668 [ 0.994] 0.500 [12.7] 0.20 [ 129] 1.571 [ 39.9] 0.350 [ 8.9] 0.020 [0.51] 0.191 [ 4.9]
5 [16] 1.043 [ 1.552] 0.625 [15.9] 0.31 [ 199] 1.963 [ 49.9] 0.437 [11.1] 0.028 [0.71] 0.239 [ 6.1]
6 [19] 1.502 [ 2.235] 0.750 [19.1] 0.44 [ 284] 2.356 [ 59.8] 0.525 [13.3] 0.038 [0.97] 0.286 [ 7.3]
7 [22] 2.044 [ 3.042] 0.875 [22.2] 0.60 [ 387] 2.749 [ 69.8] 0.612 [15.5] 0.044 [1.12] 0.334 [ 8.5]
8 [25] 2.670 [ 3.973] 1.000 [25.4] 0.79 [ 510] 3.142 [ 79.8] 0.700 [17.8] 0.050 [1.27] 0.383 [ 9.7]
9 [29] 3.400 [ 5.060] 1.128 [28.7] 1.00 [ 645] 3.544 [ 90.0] 0.790 [20.1] 0.056 [1.42] 0.431 [10.9]
10 [32] 4.303 [ 6.404] 1.270 [32.3] 1.27 [ 819] 3.990 [101.3] 0.889 [22.6] 0.064 [1.63] 0.487 [12.4]
11 [36] 5.313 [ 7.907] 1.410 [35.8] 1.56 [1006] 4.430 [112.5] 0.987 [25.1] 0.071 [1.80] 0.540 [13.7]
14 [43] 7.65 [11.38 ] 1.693 [43.0] 2.25 [1452] 5.32 [135.1] 1.185 [30.1] 0.085 [2.16] 0.648 [16.5]
18 [57] 13.60 [20.24 ] 2.257 [57.3] 4.00 [2581] 7.09 [180.1] 1.58 [40.1] 0.102 [2.59] 0.864 [21.9]
B
20 [64] 16.69 [24.84 ] 2.500 [63.5] 4.91 [3167] 7.85 [199.5] 1.75 [44.5] 0.113 [2.86] 0.957 [24.3]
A
The nominal dimensions of a deformed bar are equivalent to those of a plain round bar having the same weight [mass] per foot [metre] as the deformed bar.
B
Refer to Note 2.
TABLE 2 Chemical Compositions of Alloy Type
A
Composition Max, %
Alloy Type Carbon Chromium Manganese Nitrogen Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon
1035 CL 0.3 2.0–3.9 1.5 0.05 0.035 0.045 0.75
1035 CM 0.2 4.0–10.9 1.5 0.05 0.035 0.045 0.75
1035 CS 0.15 8.0–10.9 1.5 0.05 0.035 0.045 0.75
A
Maximum unless range is indicated; percentages refer to weight [mass] percentages.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.1 deformations, n—transverse protrusions on a de-
3 formed bar.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A6/A6M Specification for General Requirements for Rolled 3.1.2 deformed bar, n—steel bar with protrusions; a bar that
is intended for use as reinforcement in reinforced concrete
Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing construction.
of Steel Products 3.1.2.1 Discussion—The surface of the bar is provided with
A510/A510M Specification for General Requirements for protrusions that inhibit longitudinal movement of the bar
Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and relative to the concrete surrounding the bar in such construc-
Alloy Steel tion. The protrusions conform to the provisions of this speci-
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods fication.
for Steel Products for Shipment
3.1.3 lot, n—all the bars of one bar size and pattern of
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of
deformations contained in an individual shipping release or
Steel Products
shipping order.
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
3.1.4 plain bar, n—steel bar without protrusions.
Determine Conformance with Specifications
3.1.5 rib, n—longitudinal protrusion on a deformed bar.
E290 Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductil-
ity
4. Ordering Information
2.2 U.S. Military Standard:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
4.1 Orders for low-carbon, chromium steel bars for concrete
2.3 U.S. Federal Standard:
reinforcement under this specification shall contain the follow-
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
ing information:
4.1.1 Quantity (weight) [mass];
3. Terminology
4.1.2 Deformed or plain;
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Specification:
4.1.3 Bar designation number (size) of deformed bars, or
nominal diameter (size) of plain bars;
3 4.1.4 Cut lengths or coils;
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM 4.1.5 Alloy Type (see Table 2);
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
4.1.6 Grade; and
the ASTM website.
4.1.7 ASTM designation A1035 [A1035M] and year of
Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil. issue.
A1035/A1035M − 23a
4.2 The purchaser shall have the option to specify additional a longitudinal rib, the width of the longitudinal rib shall be
requirements, including, but not limited to, the following: considered the gap. Where more than two longitudinal ribs are
4.2.1 Special package marking requirements (20.2); involved, the total width of all longitudinal ribs shall not
4.2.2 Requirements for inspection (17.1), exceed 25 % of the nominal perimeter of the bar; furthermore,
4.2.3 Supplementary Requirement S1, bend tests for bar the summation of gaps shall not exceed 25 % of the nominal
designation Nos. 14 and 18 [43 and 57], or bar designation perimeter of the bar. The nominal perimeter of the bar shall be
Nos. 40, 50, and 60 in Annex A1; 3.1416 times the nominal diameter.
4.2.4 Requirements for alternate bar sizes in Annex A1; and
7.5 The spacing, height, and gap of deformations shall
4.2.5 Other special requirements, if any.
conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.
5. Materials and Manufacture
8. Measurements of Deformations
5.1 The bars shall be rolled from properly identified heats of
8.1 The average spacing of deformations shall be deter-
mold-cast or strand-cast steel. The steel shall be made by any
mined by measuring the length of a minimum of 10 spaces and
commercially accepted process.
dividing that length by the number of spaces included in the
measurement. The measurement shall begin from a point on a
6. Chemical Composition
deformation at the beginning of the first space to a correspond-
6.1 The chemical analysis of each heat shall be determined
ing point on a deformation after the last included space.
in accordance with Test Methods, Practice, and Terminology
Spacing measurements shall not be made over a bar area
A751. The manufacturer shall make the analysis on test
containing bar marking symbols involving letters or numbers.
samples taken preferably during the pouring of the heat. The
8.2 The average height of deformations shall be determined
percentages of carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon,
from measurements made on not less than two typical defor-
chromium, and nitrogen, shall be determined and reported as
mations. Determinations shall be based on three measurements
required in Section 16.
per deformation, one at the center of the overall length and the
6.2 The chemical composition for the different Alloy Types
other two at the quarter points of the overall length.
as shown by heat analysis shall be limited to Table 2 of this
8.3 Insufficient height, insufficient circumferential
specification.
coverage, or excessive spacing of deformations shall not
7. Requirements for Deformations constitute cause for rejection unless it has been clearly estab-
lished by determinations on each lot tested that typical defor-
7.1 Deformations shall be spaced along the bar at substan-
mation height, gap, or spacing do not conform to the minimum
tially uniform distances. The deformations on opposite sides of
requirements prescribed in Section 7. No rejection shall be
the bar shall be similar in size, shape, and pattern.
made on the basis of measurements if fewer than ten adjacent
7.2 The deformations shall be placed with respect to the axis
deformations on each side of the bar are measured.
of the bar so that the included angle is not less than 45°. Where
the line of deformations forms an included angle with the axis
9. Tensile Requirements
of the bar from 45 to 70° inclusive, the deformations shall
9.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens, shall
alternately reverse in direction on each side, or those on one
conform to the requirements for tensile properties prescribed in
side shall be reversed in direction from those on the opposite
Table 3.
side. Where the line of deformations is over 70°, a reversal in
direction shall not be required.
9.2 The yield strength shall be determined by the offset
method (0.2 % offset), described in Test Methods and Defini-
7.3 The average spacing or distance between deformations
tions A370.
on each side of the bar shall not exceed seven tenths of the
nominal diameter of the bar.
9.3 When material is furnished in coils, the test specimen
shall be taken from the coil and straightened prior to placing it
7.4 The overall length of deformations shall be such that the
in the jaws of the tensile testing machine. (See Note 3.)
gap (measured as a chord) between the ends of the deforma-
tions on opposite sides of the bar shall not exceed 12 ⁄2 % of
NOTE 3—Straighten the test specimen to avoid formation of local sharp
the nominal perimeter of the bar. Where the ends terminate in bends and to minimize cold work. Insufficient straightening prior to
TABLE 3 Tensile Properties Requirements
Type A1035 CL A1035 CM A1035 CS
Grade Grade 100 [690] Grade 120 [830] Grade 100 [690] Grade 120 [830] Grade 100 [690] Grade 120 [830]
Tensile strength, min, psi [MPa] 150 000 [1030] 150 000 [1030] 150 000 [1030] 150 000 [1030] 150 000 [1030] 150 000 [1030]
Yield strength (0.2 % offset), min, psi 100 000 [690] 120 000 [830] 100 000 [690] 120 000 [830] 100 000 [690] 120 000 [830]
[MPa]
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, %:
Bar Designation No.
3 through 11 [10 through 36] 7 7 7 7 7 7
14, 18, 20 [43, 57, 64] 6 6 6 6 6 6
A1035/A1035M − 23a
TABLE 4 Bend Test Requirements
permissible variation in diameter. For plain bars smaller than
Pin Diameter for ⁄8 in. [9.5 mm], use Specification A510/A510M. For larger
Bar Designation No.
A
Bend Tests
plain bars up to and including 2 ⁄2 in. [63.5 mm], use Specifi-
B
3, 4, 5 [10, 13, 16] 3 ⁄2 d
cation A6/A6M.
6, 7, 8 [19, 22, 25] 5d
9,10,11 [29, 32, 36] 7d
12. Finish
C
14, 18, 20 [43, 57, 64] (90°)
A
12.1 The bars shall be free of detrimental surface imperfec-
Test bends 180° unless otherwise agreed.
B
d = nominal diameter of specimen.
tions.
C
See Supplementary Requirement S1 for bend tests of bar designation Nos. 14,
18, 20 [43, 57, 64]. 12.2 Rust, seams, surface irregularities, or mill scale oxida-
tion shall not be cause for rejection, provided the weight
[mass], nominal dimensions, cross-sectional area, and tensile
properties of a test specimen are not less than the requirements
attaching the extensometer can result in lower-than-actual yield strength
of this specification.
readings.
12.3 Surface imperfections or flaws other than those speci-
9.3.1 Test specimens taken from post-fabricated material
shall not be used to determine conformance to this specifica- fied in 12.2 shall be considered detrimental when specimens
containing such imperfections fail to conform to either tensile
tion. (See Note 4.)
or bending requi
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A1035/A1035M − 23 A1035/A1035M − 23a
Standard Specification for
Deformed and Plain, Low-Carbon, Chromium, Steel Bars for
Concrete Reinforcement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1035/A1035M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers deformed and plain low-carbon, chromium, steel bars, in cut lengths and coils for concrete
reinforcement. These bars are furnished in three alloy types depending on the chromium range content. The standard sizes and
dimensions of deformed bars and their number designations are given in Table 1.
1.2 Bars are of two minimum yield strength levels as defined in 9.2: namely, 100 000 psi [690 MPa], and 120 000 psi [830 MPa]
designated as Grade 100 [690] and Grade 120 [830], respectively.
1.3 Bars are furnished to three different chemical compositions, designated as Alloy Type CL, CM, and CS. Chemical
compositions are shown in Table 2.
1.4 Plain bars, in sizes up to and including 2.25 in. [57.2 mm] 2 ⁄2 in. [63.5 mm] in diameter in coils and cut lengths, when ordered
shall be furnished under this specification in Grade 100 [690] and Grade 120 [830]. For ductility properties (elongation and
bending), test provisions of the nearest smaller nominal diameter deformed bar size shall apply. Requirements providing for
deformations and marking shall not be applicable.
NOTE 1—Welding of the material in this specification should be approached with caution since no specific provisions have been included to enhance its
weldability. When this steel is to be welded, a welding procedure suitable for the chemical composition and intended use or service should be used.
NOTE 2—Designers need to be aware that design codes and specifications may not recognize the use of the No. 20 [64] bar, the largest bar size included
in this specification. Structural members reinforced with No. 20 [64] bars may require approval of the building official or other appropriate authority and
require special detailing to ensure adequate performance at service and factored loads.
1.5 Requirements for alternate bar sizes are presented in Annex A1. The requirements in Annex A1 only apply when specified by
the purchaser (see 4.2.4).
1.6 A supplementary requirement (S1) is provided for use where bend testing of bar designation Nos. 14 and 18 [43, 57], and bar
designation Nos. 40, 50, and 60 in Annex A1, is required by the purchaser. The supplementary requirement applies only when
specified in the purchase order.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.05
on Steel Reinforcement.
Current edition approved March 1, 2023Nov. 1, 2023. Published April 2023November 2023. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20202023
as A1035/A1035M – 20.A1035/A1035M – 23. DOI: 10.1520/A1035_A1035M-23.10.1520/A1035_A1035M-23A.
Commercial Metals Company has several patented materials (US Patents #6,273,968, #6,709,534, #7,118,637, #7,214,278) that meet this specification. Interested parties
are invited to submit information regarding the identification of an alternative(s) to this patented item to the ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive
careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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A1035/A1035M − 23a
TABLE 1 Deformed Bar Designation Numbers, Nominal Weights [Masses], Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation Requirements
A
Nominal Dimensions Deformation Requirements, in. [mm]
Maximum Gap
Bar Designation Nominal Weight, lb/ft
Cross-Sectional Maximum Minimum (Chord of 12.5 %
Diameter, Perimeter
No. [Nominal Mass, kg/m]
Area, Average Average of
in. [mm] in. [mm]
2 2
in. [mm ] Spacing Height Nominal
Perimeter)
3 [10] 0.376 [ 0.560] 0.375 [ 9.5] 0.11 [ 71] 1.178 [ 29.9] 0.262 [ 6.7] 0.015 [0.38] 0.143 [ 3.6]
4 [13] 0.668 [ 0.994] 0.500 [12.7] 0.20 [ 129] 1.571 [ 39.9] 0.350 [ 8.9] 0.020 [0.51] 0.191 [ 4.9]
5 [16] 1.043 [ 1.552] 0.625 [15.9] 0.31 [ 199] 1.963 [ 49.9] 0.437 [11.1] 0.028 [0.71] 0.239 [ 6.1]
6 [19] 1.502 [ 2.235] 0.750 [19.1] 0.44 [ 284] 2.356 [ 59.8] 0.525 [13.3] 0.038 [0.97] 0.286 [ 7.3]
7 [22] 2.044 [ 3.042] 0.875 [22.2] 0.60 [ 387] 2.749 [ 69.8] 0.612 [15.5] 0.044 [1.12] 0.334 [ 8.5]
8 [25] 2.670 [ 3.973] 1.000 [25.4] 0.79 [ 510] 3.142 [ 79.8] 0.700 [17.8] 0.050 [1.27] 0.383 [ 9.7]
9 [29] 3.400 [ 5.060] 1.128 [28.7] 1.00 [ 645] 3.544 [ 90.0] 0.790 [20.1] 0.056 [1.42] 0.431 [10.9]
10 [32] 4.303 [ 6.404] 1.270 [32.3] 1.27 [ 819] 3.990 [101.3] 0.889 [22.6] 0.064 [1.63] 0.487 [12.4]
11 [36] 5.313 [ 7.907] 1.410 [35.8] 1.56 [1006] 4.430 [112.5] 0.987 [25.1] 0.071 [1.80] 0.540 [13.7]
14 [43] 7.65 [11.38 ] 1.693 [43.0] 2.25 [1452] 5.32 [135.1] 1.185 [30.1] 0.085 [2.16] 0.648 [16.5]
18 [57] 13.60 [20.24 ] 2.257 [57.3] 4.00 [2581] 7.09 [180.1] 1.58 [40.1] 0.102 [2.59] 0.864 [21.9]
B
20 [64] 16.69 [24.84 ] 2.500 [63.5] 4.91 [3167] 7.85 [199.5] 1.75 [44.5] 0.113 [2.86] 0.957 [24.3]
A
The nominal dimensions of a deformed bar are equivalent to those of a plain round bar having the same weight [mass] per foot [metre] as the deformed bar.
B
Refer to Note 2.
TABLE 2 Chemical Compositions of Alloy Type
A
Composition Max, %
Alloy Type Carbon Chromium Manganese Nitrogen Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon
1035 CL 0.3 2.0–3.9 1.5 0.05 0.035 0.045 0.5
1035 CM 0.2 4.0–10.9 1.5 0.05 0.035 0.045 0.5
1035 CS 0.15 8.0–10.9 1.5 0.05 0.035 0.045 0.5
TABLE 2 Chemical Compositions of Alloy Type
A
Composition Max, %
Alloy Type Carbon Chromium Manganese Nitrogen Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon
1035 CL 0.3 2.0–3.9 1.5 0.05 0.035 0.045 0.75
1035 CM 0.2 4.0–10.9 1.5 0.05 0.035 0.045 0.75
1035 CS 0.15 8.0–10.9 1.5 0.05 0.035 0.045 0.75
A
Maximum unless range is indicated; percentages refer to weight [mass] percentages.
1.7 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.8 This specification is applicable for orders in either inch-pound units (as Specification A1035) or in SI units (as Specification
A1035M).
1.9 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the specification.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
A1035/A1035M − 23a
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A6/A6M Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A510/A510M Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and Alloy Steel
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E290 Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductility
2.2 U.S. Military Standard:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
2.3 U.S. Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Specification:
3.1.1 deformations, n—transverse protrusions on a deformed bar.
3.1.2 deformed bar, n—steel bar with protrusions; a bar that is intended for use as reinforcement in reinforced concrete
construction.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
The surface of the bar is provided with protrusions that inhibit longitudinal movement of the bar relative to the concrete
surrounding the bar in such construction. The protrusions conform to the provisions of this specification.
3.1.3 lot, n—all the bars of one bar size and pattern of deformations contained in an individual shipping release or shipping order.
3.1.4 plain bar, n—steel bar without protrusions.
3.1.5 rib, n—longitudinal protrusion on a deformed bar.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for low-carbon, chromium steel bars for concrete reinforcement under this specification shall contain the following
information:
4.1.1 Quantity (weight) [mass];
4.1.2 Deformed or plain;
4.1.3 Bar designation number (size) of deformed bars, or nominal diameter (size) of plain bars;
4.1.4 Cut lengths or coils;
4.1.5 Alloy Type (see Table 2);
4.1.6 Grade; and
4.1.7 ASTM designation A1035 [A1035M] and year of issue.
4.2 The purchaser shall have the option to specify additional requirements, including, but not limited to, the following:
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
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A1035/A1035M − 23a
4.2.1 Special package marking requirements (20.2);
4.2.2 Requirements for inspection (17.1),
4.2.3 Supplementary Requirement S1, bend tests for bar designation Nos. 14 and 18 [43 and 57], or bar designation Nos. 40, 50,
and 60 in Annex A1;
4.2.4 Requirements for alternate bar sizes in Annex A1; and
4.2.5 Other special requirements, if any.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 The bars shall be rolled from properly identified heats of mold-cast or strand-cast steel. The steel shall be made by any
commercially accepted process.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The chemical analysis of each heat shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods, Practice, and Terminology A751.
The manufacturer shall make the analysis on test samples taken preferably during the pouring of the heat. The percentages of
carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, and nitrogen, shall be determined and reported as required in Section
16.
6.2 The chemical composition for the different Alloy Types as shown by heat analysis shall be limited to Table 2 of this
specification.
7. Requirements for Deformations
7.1 Deformations shall be spaced along the bar at substantially uniform distances. The deformations on opposite sides of the bar
shall be similar in size, shape, and pattern.
7.2 The deformations shall be placed with respect to the axis of the bar so that the included angle is not less than 45°. Where the
line of deformations forms an included angle with the axis of the bar from 45 to 70° inclusive, the deformations shall alternately
reverse in direction on each side, or those on one side shall be reversed in direction from those on the opposite side. Where the
line of deformations is over 70°, a reversal in direction shall not be required.
7.3 The average spacing or distance between deformations on each side of the bar shall not exceed seven tenths of the nominal
diameter of the bar.
7.4 The overall length of deformations shall be such that the gap (measured as a chord) between the ends of the deformations on
opposite sides of the bar shall not exceed 12 ⁄2 % of the nominal perimeter of the bar. Where the ends terminate in a longitudinal
rib, the width of the longitudinal rib shall be considered the gap. Where more than two longitudinal ribs are involved, the total
width of all longitudinal ribs shall not exceed 25 % of the nominal perimeter of the bar; furthermore, the summation of gaps shall
not exceed 25 % of the nominal perimeter of the bar. The nominal perimeter of the bar shall be 3.1416 times the nominal diameter.
7.5 The spacing, height, and gap of deformations shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.
8. Measurements of Deformations
8.1 The average spacing of deformations shall be determined by measuring the length of a minimum of 10 spaces and dividing
that length by the number of spaces included in the measurement. The measurement shall begin from a point on a deformation at
the beginning of the first space to a corresponding point on a deformation after the last included space. Spacing measurements shall
not be made over a bar area containing bar marking symbols involving letters or numbers.
A1035/A1035M − 23a
8.2 The average height of deformations shall be determined from measurements made on not less than two typical deformations.
Determinations shall be based on three measurements per deformation, one at the center of the overall length and the other two
at the quarter points of the overall length.
8.3 Insufficient height, insufficient circumferential coverage, or excessive spacing of deformations shall not constitute cause for
rejection unless it has been clearly established by determinations on each lot tested that typical deformation height, gap, or spacing
do not conform to the minimum requirements prescribed in Section 7. No rejection shall be made on the basis of measurements
if fewer than ten adjacent deformations on each side of the bar are measured.
9. Tensile Requirements
9.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens, shall conform to the requirements for tensile properties prescribed in Table
3.
9.2 The yield strength shall be determined by the offset method (0.2 % offset), described in Test Methods and Definitions A370.
9.3 When material is furnished in coils, the test specimen shall be taken from the coil and straightened prior to placing it in the
jaws of the tensile testing machine. (See Note 3.)
NOTE 3—Straighten the test specimen to avoid formation of local sharp bends and to minimize cold work. Insufficient straightening prior to attaching the
extensometer can result in lower-than-actual yield strength readings.
9.3.1 Test specimens taken from post-fabricated material shall not be used to determine conformance to this specification. (See
Note 4.)
NOTE 4—Multiple bending distortion from mechanical straightening and fabricating machines can lead to excessive cold work, resulting in higher yield
strengths, lower elongation values, and a loss of deformation height.
9.4 The percentage of elongation shall be as prescribed in Table 3.
10. Bending Requirements
10.1 The bend test specimen shall withstand being bent around a pin without cracking on the outside radius of the bent portion.
The requirements for degree of bending and sizes of pins are prescribed in Table 4. When material is furnished in coils, the test
specimen shall be straightened prior to placement in the bend tester.
10.2 The bend test shall be made on specimens of sufficient length to ensure free bending and with apparatus that provides:
10.2.1 Continuous and uniform application of force throughout the duration of the bending operation.
10.2.2 Unrestricted movement of the specimen at points of contact with the apparatus and bending around a pin free to rotate.
10.2.3 Close wrapping of the specimen around the pin during the bending operation.
TABLE 3 Tensile Properties Requirements
Type A1035 CL A1035 CM A1035 CS
Grade Grade 100 [690] Grade 120 [830] Grade 100 [690] Grade 120 [830] Grade 100 [690] Grade 120 [830]
Tensile strength, min, psi [MPa] 150 000 [1030] 150 000 [1030] 150 000 [1030] 150 000 [1030] 150 000 [1030] 150 000 [1030]
Yield strength (0.2 % offset), min, psi 100 000 [690] 120 000 [830] 100 000 [690] 120 000 [830] 100 000 [690] 120 000 [830]
[MPa]
Elongation in 8 in. [200 mm], min, %:
Bar Desig
...