ASTM A501-01(2005)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing
Standard Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers black and hot-dipped galvanized hot-formed welded and seamless carbon steel square, round, rectangular, or special shape structural tubing for welded, riveted, or bolted construction of bridges and buildings, and for general structural purposes.
1.2 Square and rectangular tubing is furnished in sizes 1 to 10 in. (25.4 to 254 mm) across flat sides with wall thicknesses 0.095 to 1.000 in. (2.41 to 25.40 mm), dependent upon size; round tubing is furnished in NPS 1/2 to NPS 24 (see Note 0) inclusive, with nominal (average) wall thicknesses 0.109 to 1.000 in. (2.77 to 25.40 mm), dependent upon size. Special shape tubing and tubing with other dimensions is permitted to be furnished, provided that such tubing complies with all other requirements of this specification.
Note 1--The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as "nominal diameter," "size," and "nominal size."
1.3 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portion of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions of the values in inch-pound units to SI units.
1.5 The text of this specification contains notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. Such notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, do not contain any mandatory requirements.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 501 – 01 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Specification for
Hot-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural
Tubing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers black and hot-dipped galva- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
nized hot-formed welded and seamless carbon steel square, A 53/A 53M Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-
round, rectangular, or special shape structural tubing for Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless
welded, riveted, or bolted construction of bridges and build- A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for MechanicalTesting
ings, and for general structural purposes. of Steel Products
1.2 Square and rectangular tubing is furnished in sizes 1 to A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
10 in. (25.4 to 254 mm) across flat sides with wall thicknesses Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
0.095 to 1.000 in. (2.41 to 25.40 mm), dependent upon size; A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
round tubing is furnished in NPS ⁄2 to NPS 24 (see Note 1) Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
inclusive, with nominal (average) wall thicknesses 0.109 to A 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-
1.000 in. (2.77 to 25.40 mm), dependent upon size. Special lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys
shape tubing and tubing with other dimensions is permitted to 2.2 AIAG Standard:
be furnished, provided that such tubing complies with all other B-1 Bar Code Symbology Standard
requirements of this specification.
3. Terminology
NOTE 1—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this speci-
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
fication, refer to Terminology A 941.
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
1.3 The following precautionary statement pertains only to
4. Ordering Information
thetestmethodportionofthisspecification: This standard does
4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall contain
not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associ-
information concerning as many of the following items as are
ated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
required to describe the desired material adequately:
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
4.1.1 Quantity (feet or number of lengths),
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
4.1.2 Name of material (hot-formed tubing),
to use.
4.1.3 Method of manufacture (seamless or welded) (see
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Section 6),
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
4.1.4 Finish (black or galvanized),
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4.1.5 Size (outside diameter and calculated nominal wall
and are not considered standard.
thickness for round tubing and the outside dimensions and
1.5 The text of this specification contains notes and foot-
calculated nominal wall thickness for square and rectangular
notes that provide explanatory material. Such notes and foot-
tubing (Section 11),
notes, excluding those in tables and figures, do not contain any
4.1.6 Length (random, multiple, or specific; see 12.3),
mandatory requirements.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloys, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
A01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products. the ASTM website.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally Available from Automotive Industry Action Group, 26200 Lahser Road, Suite
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as A 501 – 01. 200, Southfield, MI 48034.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 501 – 01 (2005)
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements
4.1.7 End condition (see 17.3),
4.1.8 Burr removal (see 17.3), Tensile strength, min, psi (MPa) 58 000 (400)
Yield strength, min, psi (MPa) 36 000 (250)
4.1.9 Certification (see Section 19),
Elongation in 2 in. (50.8 mm), min, % 23
4.1.10 ASTM specification designation and year of issue,
4.1.11 End use,
4.1.12 Special requirements, and
4.1.13 Bar coding (see 20.3).
9.2 The yield strength corresponding to a permanent offset
of 0.2 % of the gauge length of the specimen or to a total
5. Process
extension of 0.5 % of the gauge length under load shall be
5.1 The steel shall be made by one or more of the following
determined.
processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace.
5.2 When steels of different grades are sequentially strand
10. Bend Test
cast, the steel producer shall identify the resultant transition
10.1 The bend test shall be made on square or rectangular
material and remove it using an established procedure that
tubing manufactured in accordance with this specification.
positively separates the grades.
10.2 The bend test specimen shall be taken longitudinally
from the tubing, and shall represent the full wall thickness of
6. Manufacture
material. It shall be permissible for the sides of the bend test to
6.1 The tubing shall be made by one of the following
have their corners rounded out to a radius of ⁄16 in. (1.59 mm)
processes: seamless; furnace-butt welding (continuous weld-
maximum.
ing); or electric-resistance welding followed by reheating
10.3 The bend test specimen shall stand being bent cold
throughout the cross section and hot forming by a reducing or
through 180°, without cracking on the outside of the bent
shaping process, or both.
portion, to an inside diameter which shall have a relation to the
thickness of the specimen as prescribed in Table 3.
7. Heat Analysis
7.1 Each heat analysis shall conform to the requirements
11. Dimensions
specified in Table 1 for heat analysis.
11.1 Square Structural Tubing—The outside dimensions
(across the flats), the weight per foot, and the calculated
8. Product Analysis
nominal wall thickness of common sizes of square structural
8.1 The tubing shall be capable of conforming to the
tubing included in this specification are listed in Table 4.
requirements specified in Table 1 for product analysis.
11.2 Rectangular Structural Tubing—The outside dimen-
8.2 If product analyses are made, they shall be made using
sions (across the flats), the weight per foot, and the calculated
test specimens taken from two lengths of tubing from each lot
nominal wall thickness of common sizes of rectangular struc-
of 500 lengths, or fraction thereof, or two pieces of flat-rolled
tural tubing included in this specification are listed in Table 5.
stock from each lot of a corresponding quantity of flat-rolled
11.3 Round Structural Tubing—The NPS and outside diam-
stock.Methodsandpracticesrelatingtochemicalanalysisshall
eter dimensions, the weight per foot, and the calculated
be in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminol-
nominal wall thickness of common sizes of round structural
ogy A 751. Such product analyses shall conform to the
tubing included in this specification are listed in Table 6.
requirements specified in Table 1 for product analysis.
11.4 Special Shape Structural Tubing—The dimensions and
8.3 If both product analyses representing a lot fail to
tolerances of special shape structural tubing are available by
conform to the specified requirements, the lot shall be rejected.
inquiry and negotiation with the manufacturer.
8.4 If only one product analysis representing a lot fails to
11.5 Other Sizes—The dimensional tolerances for hot-
conform to the specified requirements, product analyses shall
formed welded and seamless structural tubing manufactured in
bemadeusingtwoadditionaltestspecimenstakenfromthelot.
accordancewiththerequirementsofthisspecification,butwith
Both additional product analyses shall conform to the specified
ordered dimensions other than those listed in Table 4, Table 5,
requirements or the lot shall be rejected.
and Table 6, shall be consistent with those given in this
specification for similar sizes and type of product.
9. Tensile Requirements
9.1 The material, as represented by the test specimen, shall
12. Permissible Variations in Dimensions of Square,
conform to the requirements as to tensile properties prescribed
Round, Rectangular, and Special Shape Structural
in Table 2.
Tubing
12.1 Outside Dimensions:
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Element Heat Product
TABLE 3 Bend Test Requirements
analysis analysis
Thickness of Material, in. (mm) Ratio of Bend Diameter to
Carbon, max 0.26 0.30
Specimen Thickness
Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.045
3 1
Sulfur, max 0.035 0.045 ⁄4 (19.0) and under ⁄2
Copper, when copper steel is specified, min 0.20 0.18 Over ⁄4 to 1 (19.0 to 25.4), incl 1
A 501 – 01 (2005)
TABLE 4 Dimensions of Common Sizes of Square Structural TABLE 5 Dimensions of Common Sizes of Rectangular
Tubing Structural Tubing
Size Given in Outside Weight per Calculated Nominal Size Given in Outside Weight per Calculated Nominal Wall
Dimensions Across Flat Unit Length, Wall Thickness, Dimensions Across Flat Unit Length, Thickness, in. (mm)
Sides, in. (mm) lb/ft (kg/m) in. (mm) Sides, in. (mm) lb/ft (kg/m)
3by2 4.32 (6.43) 0.141 (3.58)
(76.2 by 50.8) 5.59 (8.32) 0.188 (4.78)
1 by 1 1.09 (1.62) 0.095 (2.41)
7.10 (10.56) 0.250 (6.35)
(25.4 by 25.4) 1.41 (2.10) 0.133 (3.38)
4by2 5.78 (8.60) 0.156 (3.96)
2 by 2 2.69 (4.00) 0.110 (2.79)
(101.6 by 50.8) 6.86 (10.21) 0.188 (4.78)
(50.8 by 50.8) 3.04 (4.52) 0.125 (3.18)
8.80 (13.09) 0.250 (6.35)
3.65 (5.44) 0.154 (3.91)
4.31 (6.41) 0.188 (4.78)
4 by 3 6.88 (10.24) 0.156 (3.96)
(101.6 by 76.2) 8.14 (12.11) 0.188 (4.78)
1 1
2 ⁄2 by 2 ⁄2 4.32 (6.43) 0.141 (3.58)
10.50 (15.62) 0.250 (6.35)
(63.5 by 63.5) 5.59 (8.32) 0.188 (4.78)
12.69 (18.88) 0.312 (7.92)
7.10 (10.56) 0.250 (6.35)
5 by 3 9.31 (13.85) 0.188 (4.78)
3 by 3 5.78 (8.60) 0.156 (3.96)
(127.0 by 76.2) 12.02 (17.89) 0.250 (6.35)
(76.2 by 76.2) 6.86 (10.21) 0.188 (4.78)
14.52 (21.61) 0.312 (7.92)
8.80 (13.09) 0.250 (6.35)
16.84 (25.06) 0.375 (9.52)
1 1
3 ⁄2 by 3 ⁄2 6.88 (10.24) 0.156 (3.96)
6 by 3 10.58 (15.74) 0.188 (4.78)
(88.9 by 88.9) 8.14 (12.11) 0.188 (4.78)
(152.4 by 76.2) 13.72 (20.42) 0.250 (6.35)
10.50 (15.62) 0.250 (6.35)
16.65 (24.78) 0.312 (7.92)
12.69 (18.88) 0.312 (7.92)
19.39 (28.85) 0.375 (9.52)
4 by 4 9.31 (13.85) 0.188 (4.78)
(101.6 by 101.6) 12.02 (17.89) 0.250 (6.35)
6 by 4 11.86 (17.65) 0.188 (4.78)
14.52 (21.61) 0.312 (7.92)
(152.4 by 101.6) 15.42 (22.94) 0.250 (6.35)
16.84 (25.06) 0.375 (9.52)
18.77 (27.93) 0.312 (7.92)
20.88 (31.07) 0.500 (12.70)
21.94 (32.65) 0.375 (9.52)
27.68 (41.19) 0.500 (12.70)
5 by 5 11.86 (17.65) 0.188 (4.78)
(127.0 by 127.0) 15.42 (22.94) 0.250 (6.35)
7 by 5 14.41 (21.44) 0.188 (4.78)
18.77 (27.93) 0.312 (7.92)
(177.8 by 127.0) 18.82 (28.00) 0.250 (6.35)
21.94 (32.65) 0.375 (9.52)
23.02 (34.25) 0.312 (7.92)
27.68 (41.19) 0.500 (12.70)
27.04 (40.28) 0.375 (9.52)
34.48 (51.31) 0.500 (12.70)
6 by 6 14.41 (21.44) 0.188 (4.78)
(152.4 by 152.4) 18.82 (28.00) 0.250 (6.35)
8 by 4 14.41 (21.44) 0.188 (4.78)
23.02 (34.25) 0.312 (7.92)
(203.2 by 101.6) 18.82 (28.00) 0.250 (6.35)
27.04 (40.28) 0.375 (9.52)
23.02 (34.25) 0.312 (7.92)
34.48 (51.31) 0.500 (12.70)
27.04 (40.28) 0.375 (9.52)
34.48 (51.31) 0.500 (12.70)
7 by 7 16.85 (25.07) 0.188 (4.78)
(177.8 by 177.8) 22.04 (32.80) 0.250 (6.35)
8 by 6 16.85 (25.07) 0.188 (4.78)
26.99 (39.16) 0.312 (7.92)
(203.2 by 152.4) 22.04 (32.80) 0.250 (6.35)
31.73 (47.21) 0.375 (9.52)
26.99 (39.16) 0.312 (7.92)
40.55 (60.34) 0.500 (12.70)
31.73 (47.21) 0.375 (9.52)
40.55 (60.34) 0.500 (12.70)
8 by 8 25.44 (37.85) 0.250 (6.35)
(203.2 by 203.2) 31.24 (46.49) 0.312 (7.92)
10 by 6 25.44 (37.85) 0.250 (6.35)
36.83 (54.80) 0.375 (9.52)
(254.0 by 152.4) 31.24 (46.49) 0.312 (7.92)
47.35 (70.46) 0.500 (12.70)
56.98 (84.79) 0.625 (15.88) 36.83 (54.80) 0.375 (9.52)
47.35 (70.46) 0.500 (12.70)
65.73 (97.81) 0.750 (19.05)
10 by 10 32.23 (47.96) 0.250 (6.35)
(254.0 by 254.0) 39.74 (59.13) 0.312 (7.92)
47.03 (69.98) 0.375 (9.52)
positions at least 2 in. (50.8 mm) from the ends of the tubing,
60.95 (90.69) 0.500 (12.70)
73.98 (110.08) 0.625 (15.88)
shall not vary from the specified outside dimensions by more
86.13 (128.16) 0.750 (19.05)
than the applicable amount given inTable 7, which includes an
107.79 (160.39) 1.000 (25.40)
allowance for convexity or concavity.
12.2 Weight—The weight of the structural tubing shall be
12.1.1 Round Structural Tubing—For round hot-formed not more than 3.5 % under its theoretical weight, as calculated
structuraltubingNPS2andover,theoutsidediametershallnot using its length and the applicable weight per unit length given
vary more than 61 % from the specified outside diameter. For in Table 4, Table 5,or Table 6.
NPS 1 ⁄2 and under, the outside diameter shall not vary more 12.3 Length—Structural tubing is commonly produced in
1 1
than ⁄64 in. (0.40 mm) over or more than ⁄32 in. (0.79 mm) random lengths of 16 to 22 ft. (4.9 to 6.7 m) or 32 to 44 ft. (9.8
under the specified outside diameter. to 13.4 m), in multiple lengths, and in specific lengths. When
12.1.2 Square, Rectangular, and Special Shape Structural specific lengths are ordered, the permissible variations in
Tubing—The outside dimensions, measured across the flats at length shall be as given in Table 8.
A 501 – 01 (2005)
TABLE 6 Dimensions of Common Sizes of Round Structural TABLE 7 Permissible Variations in Outside Flat Dimensions for
Tubing Square, Rectangular, and Special Shape Structural Tubing
NPS Outside Diameter, Weight per Calculated Nominal Specified Outside Large Flat Permissible Variations Over and
Designa- in. (mm) Unit Length, Wall Thickness, in. Dimension, in. (mm) Under
tor lb/ft (kg/m) (mm) Specified Outside Flat
A
Dimensions,
⁄2 0.840 (21.3) 0.85 (1.27) 0.109 (2.77)
in. (mm)
0.840 (21.3) 1.09 (1.62) 0.147 (3.73)
3 1
⁄4 1.050 (26.7) 1.13 (1.69) 0.113 (2.87) 2 ⁄2 (63.5) and under 0.020 (0.51)
1 1
1.050 (26.7) 1.47 (2.20) 0.154 (3.91) Over 2 ⁄2 to 3 ⁄2 (63.5 to 88.9), incl 0.025 (0.64)
1 1
1 1.315 (33.4) 1.34 (2.00
...
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