ASTM F1055-16a(2022)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Electrofusion Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter Controlled Polyethylene and Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe and Tubing
Standard Specification for Electrofusion Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter Controlled Polyethylene and Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe and Tubing
ABSTRACT
This specification covers electrofusion-type polyethylene fittings for outside diameter controlled polyethylene pipe and tubing. Specimens shall be conditioned prior to joining at the minimum or maximum pipe temperature allowable for fusion. The fittings shall be subjected to several tests to determine conformance to minimum hydraulic burst pressure, sustained pressure, tensile strength, impact resistance, and joint integrity requirements. Fusion evaluation test for fitting failure and evaluation for voids shall also be conducted.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers electrofusion polyethylene fittings for use with outside diameter-controlled polyethylene pipe, covered by Specifications D2513, D2737, D3035, F714, F2623, F2769 and crosslinked polyethylene (PEX), covered by Specifications F876 and F2788/F2788M. Requirements for materials, workmanship, and testing performance are included. All requirements for joining PE electrofusion fittings to PE pipe shall also apply to joining PE electrofusion fittings to PEX pipe. Where applicable in this specification “pipe” shall mean “pipe” or “tubing.”
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F1055 −16a (Reapproved 2022) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Electrofusion Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside
Diameter Controlled Polyethylene and Crosslinked
Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe and Tubing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1055; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe
Under Constant Internal Pressure
1.1 This specification covers electrofusion polyethylene fit-
D1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic
tings for use with outside diameter-controlled polyethylene
Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
pipe, covered by Specifications D2513, D2737, D3035, F714,
D1600 Terminology forAbbreviatedTerms Relating to Plas-
F2623, F2769 and crosslinked polyethylene (PEX), covered by
tics
Specifications F876 and F2788/F2788M. Requirements for
D2513 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Gas Pressure
materials, workmanship, and testing performance are included.
Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
All requirements for joining PE electrofusion fittings to PE
D2737 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Tubing
pipeshallalsoapplytojoiningPEelectrofusionfittingstoPEX
D3035 SpecificationforPolyethylene(PE)PlasticPipe(DR-
pipe. Where applicable in this specification “pipe” shall mean
PR) Based on Controlled Outside Diameter
“pipe” or “tubing.”
D3350 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fit-
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
tings Materials
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
F714 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-
and are not considered standard.
PR) Based on Outside Diameter
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
F876 SpecificationforCrosslinkedPolyethylene(PEX)Tub-
test method portion, Section 9, of this specification: This ing
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
F905 Practice for Qualification of Polyethylene Saddle-
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user Fused Joints
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and F1473 Test Method for Notch Tensile Test to Measure the
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
Resistance to Slow Crack Growth of Polyethylene Pipes
regulatory limitations prior to use. and Resins
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
F2623 Specification for Polyethylene of RaisedTemperature
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- (PE-RT) Systems for Non-Potable Water Applications
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
F2788/F2788M Specification for Metric and Inch-sized
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
F2769 Specification for Polyethylene of RaisedTemperature
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. (PE-RT) Plastic Hot and Cold-Water Tubing and Distri-
bution Systems
2. Referenced Documents
2.2 PPI Standards:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
PPI TR-3 Policies and Procedures for Developing Hydro-
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
static Design Basis (HDB), Pressure Design Basis (PDB),
Strength Design Basis (SDB), and Minimum Required
1 Strength (MRS) Rating for Thermoplastic Piping Materi-
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.10 on Fittings. als or Pipe
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Originally
PPI TR-4 HDB/SDB/PDB/MRS Listed Materials, PPI List-
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F1055 – 16a. DOI:
ing of Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB), Strength Design
10.1520/F1055-16AR22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI), 105 Decker Court, Suite 825,
the ASTM website. Irving, TX 75062, http://www.plasticpipe.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1055−16a (2022)
Basis (SDB), and Minimum Required Strength (MRS) 4.3 Heating Mechanism—The heat mechanism shall be of
Rating for Thermoplastic Piping Materials or Pipe materials and design not detrimental to the performance of the
fitting or the pipe to which it is intended to be joined. Heating
2.3 ISO Standards:
mechanisms, such as wires or materials other than
ISO 13954 Plastics pipe and fittings – Peel decohesion test
polyethylene, shall not exit the fitting in an area exposed to
for polyethylene (PE) electrofusion assemblies of nominal
internal pressure. Heat mechanisms shall be of a design that
diameter greater than or equal to 90 mm
ensuresthatwireterminationsaretowardtheouteredgesofthe
fusionzonelengthandawayfromthepressurecontainingarea.
3. Terminology
Examplesofacceptableandunacceptablewireterminationsare
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
shown in Figs. 1-5.
nology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-
4.4 Pipe with Layers:
nology D1600, unless otherwise specified.
4.4.1 Pipe that has an exterior layer of material for color, or
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
UV resistance, or oxygen transmission resistance, or as a
3.2.1 electrofusion—a heat fusion joining process where the
removable layer to keep the base pipe outer surface clean is
heat source is an integral part of the fitting, such that when
acceptable when such layers comply with the applicable pipe
electric current is applied, heat is produced that melts and joins
specification. When the exterior layer is a material other than
the plastics.
the base pipe material, complete removal of the exterior layer
3.2.2 fusion interface—surface in the heat fusion process
prior to electrofusion joining is required in order to achieve
where the plastic materials of the products being joined bond
proper fusion.
together.
4.4.2 When the exterior layer is removed, the outside
diameter of the base pipe shall meet the outside diameter
3.2.3 fusion zone length—total length of the melted material
dimension and tolerance requirements of the applicable pipe
in the fitting cross-section under evaluation.
specification.
4.4.3 Mid-wall layer pipes—Electrofusion fittings for pipe
4. Materials and Manufacture
that has a mid-wall layer are outside of the scope of this
4.1 This specification covers fittings made from polyethyl-
standard. Pipe that has a mid-wall layer shall not be used to
ene compounds as defined in Specification D3350.
qualify fittings to this standard.
4.1.1 Polyethylene material compounds suitable for use in
the manufacture of electrofusion fittings under this specifica-
5. Performance Requirements
tion shall meet Specification D3350 and shall meet Specifica-
5.1 The following requirements are for electrofusion joints
tion D3350 classification and property requirements shown in
that have been joined using the manufacturer’s recommended
Table 1 and shall have PPI TR-4 HDB and HDS listings at
joining procedures. These requirements must be met by each
73 °F (23 °C) and HDB listings at 140 °F (60 °C).
electrofusion joint design, on each size and type of pipe
4.2 Rework Material—Clean rework polyethylene material
material for which the manufacturer recommends use of his
of the same resin, free of any wire or contaminants generated
fitting. Any revisions to the electrofusion joint design or
from the fitting manufacturer’s own production, may be used
processing by the manufacturer after the initial testing requires
by the same manufacturer, as long as the fittings produced
retesting to ensure these requirements can still be met. Fittings
conform to the requirements of this specification.
intended for use in the distribution of natural gas or liquid
petroleumgasshallalsomeettherequirementsofSpecification
D2513.
5.1.1 Assemblies using PEX pipes joined with electrofusion
fittings shall be limited to the HDS rating of the PE material of
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
the fitting as per 4.1.1 with a maximum usage temperature of
Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,
140 °F.
Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
TABLE 1 Specification D3350 Classification Requirements of
Polyethylene Electrofusion Fitting Materials
Cell Classification and Properties for Polyethylene
Physical Properties Materials
PE2708 PE4710
Density 2 4
Melt Index 3 or 4 4
Flexural Modulus $4 $5
Tensile Strength $3 $4
Slow Crack Growth Re- 77
sistance (F1473)
Hydrostatic Strength 34
Classification
Color and UV Stabilizer C or E C or E
HDB at 73°F (23°C), psi 1250 (8.62) 1600 (11.03)
(MPa)
FIG. 1Correct Wire Termination Coupling–Single Coil
F1055−16a (2022)
FIG. 2Correct Wire Termination Coupling–Dual Coil
FIG. 5Incorrect Wire Termination Saddle–Single Coil
NOTE 1—It is permissible when accomplishing these tests, to do so on
the highest and lowest dimension ratio of the same pipe material. If in
those tests all performance requirements are met, all dimension ratios
between those tested may be considered as having met the requirements.
These tests do not have to cover the full range of dimension ratios
available, only the dimension ratio range on which the manufacturer
recommends his fitting be used.
5.2 Pressure Requirements:
5.2.1 Minimum Hydraulic Burst Pressure—The fitting and
fused joint shall not fail when tested in accordance with 9.1.
The minimum hydraulic burst pressure at 73 °F (23 °C) of the
test specimen shall not be less than that required to produce the
minimum fiber stress in the pipe as required by the controlling
pipe standard for the type of pipe used in the test. In no case
FIG. 3Correct Wire Termination–Saddle Fitting
shall the minimum hydraulic burst pressure be less than that
required to produce 2520 psi (17.4 MPa) fiber stress in the pipe
for medium density PE (density cell 2) and 2900 psi (20 MPa)
fiber stress in the pipe for high density PE (density cell 3 or 4)
test specimens when tested in accordance with 9.1. The test
equipment, procedures, and failures definitions shall be as
specified in Test Method D1599.
5.2.2 Sustained Pressure—The fitting and fused joint shall
not fail when tested in accordance with 9.2. The test pressure,
minimum time-to-failure, and test temperature shall be as
required by the controlling pipe standard for the type of pipe
used in the test. Where the controlling pipe standard requires
testing at multiple temperatures, sustained pressure testing
shall only be performed at the highest test temperature, not to
exceed 180 °F (82 °C). If a pipe standard is not specified, or
does not contain test requirements, the test pressure, minimum
time-to-failure and test temperature shall be as shown in Table
2.
5.3 Tensile Strength Requirements (Coupling Type Joints
FIG. 4Incorrect Wire Termination Coupling–Dual Coil
Only)—Thefittingorthepipetofittingjointmadeonpipeshall
notfailwhentestedinaccordancewith9.3.Specimensshallbe
subjected to a tensile stress that causes the pipe to yield to an
5.1.2 Assemblies using PEX pipes joined with electrofusion elongation no less than 25 % or causes the pipe to break
fittingsshallnotbeusedfordistributionofnaturalgasorliquid outside the joint area.Tensile tests must be made on specimens
petroleum gas. as joined, not on straps cut from the specimen. Yielding must
5.1.3 It is not required that each configuration of a fitting be bemeasuredonlyinthepipe,independentofthefittingorjoint.
tested to meet all of these qualifications (that is, 2 in. main 5.3.1 Equipment needed to conduct full scale tensile tests
saddle joint with multiple outlet configurations offered) as long for sizes 8 IPS and larger is not readily available; therefore, an
as the electrofusion joint design is not altered in the configu- optional alternative to full-scale tensile tests for coupling-type
ration differences. joints 8 IPS and larger is included as mandatory information in
F1055−16a (2022)
TABLE 2 Supplemental Sustained Pressure Test Requirements for the Pipe Material Being Tested
PE2408, PE2706, PE2708 PE3408, PE3608, PE3708, PE3710, PE4708,
PE4710
Condition Test Temperature °F Test Pressure Hoop Minimum Average Time Test Pressure Hoop Minimum Average Time
A
(°C) Stress Before Failure Stress Before Failure
B B
psi Hours psi Hours
A A
(kPa) (kPa)
1 176 (80) 670 (4620) 170 750 (5170) 200
2 176 (80) 650 (4480) 340 730 (5020) 400
3 176 (80) 630 (4345) 510 705 (4870) 600
4 176 (80) 610 (4210) 680 685 (4715) 800
5 176 (80) 590 (4070) 850 660 (4565) 1000
6 176 (80) 580 (4000) 1000 640 (4415) 1200
A
Test temperature tolerance±4°F(±2°C).Testpressure tolerance ± 5 psi (± 35 kPa); test pressure hoop stress values are rounded to the nearest 5 psi or 5 kPa.
Table 2 conditions are based on PE validation requirements per PPI TR-3 with Condition 6 being 85 % of Condition 1 hoop stress and six times greater minimum average
time before failure. Conditions 2 through 5 are linear stress and time interpolations between Condition 1 and 6. The intent of multiple conditions is to maintain equivalent
performance criteria, but provide for retest in the event of a ductile failure. The test pressure hoop stress levels for Conditions 2-5 are linear interpolations for arbitrarily
chosen time increments.An equivalent performance requirement, however, may be determined by arbitrarily choosing a test pressure hoop stress between Conditions 1
and 6 and linearly interpolating the minimum average time before failure. For example for PE4710 material, at 670 psi test pressure hoop stress, the minimum average
time before failure would be 927 hours (200 + (750 – 670) · ((1200 – 200) / (750 – 640)) = 927.
B
Calculate internal test pressure in accordance with:
2S
P 5
Do
S D
t 2 1
where:
P = test pressure, psig (kPa)
S = test pressure hoop stress, psi (kPa)
Do = measured outside pip
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.