ASTM A358/A358M-24

Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service and General Applications

ABSTRACT
This specification covers electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel pipe suitable for corrosive or high-temperature service, or both, or for general applications. The pipes shall be sorted into five different classes. Class 1 pipes shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be completely radiographed. Pipes of Class 2 shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes with no radiography. Both Class 3 and Class 4 pipes shall be single welded except that the weld pass of the latter exposed to the inside pipe surface may be without the addition of filler metal. Pipes of Class 5 shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal and shall be spot radiographed. Weld defects shall be repaired by removal to sound metal and rewelding. Subsequent heat treatment shall be as required on the original welds. The finished pipes shall be subjected to transverse tension test, transverse guided-bend weld test, and hydrostatic test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel pipe suitable for corrosive or high-temperature service, or both, or for general applications.
Note 1: The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”  
1.2 This specification covers the grades of alloy and stainless steel listed in Table 1. The selection of the proper grade and requirements for heat treatment shall be at the discretion of the purchaser, dependent on the service conditions to be encountered.    
1.3 Five classes of pipe are covered as follows:  
1.3.1 Class 1—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be completely radiographed.  
1.3.2 Class 2—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes. No radiography is required.  
1.3.3 Class 3—Pipe shall be single welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be completely radiographed.  
1.3.4 Class 4—Same as Class 3 except that the weld pass exposed to the inside pipe surface may be made without the addition of filler metal (see 6.2.2.1 and 6.2.2.2).  
1.3.5 Class 5—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be spot radiographed.  
1.4 Supplementary requirements covering provisions ranging from additional testing to formalized procedures for manufacturing practice are provided. Supplementary Requirements S1 through S6 are included as options to be specified when desired.  
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 29-Feb-2024
• ICS: 23.040.10 - Iron and steel pipes
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.10 - Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A358/A358M-19 - Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service and General Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Referred By: ASTM A778/A778M-24 - Standard Specification for Welded, Unannealed Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubular Products
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Referred By: ASTM A999/A999M-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024

Overview

ASTM A358/A358M-24 is the standard specification developed by ASTM International for electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel pipe. This specification is intended for piping used in corrosive environments, high-temperature service, or for general industrial applications. It covers pipes manufactured with strict requirements for weld quality, material composition, mechanical properties, and heat treatment. ASTM A358/A358M provides guidelines for multiple classes of pipe, ensuring suitability for a range of challenging conditions in demanding industries.

Typical uses include power generation, chemical processing, oil and gas transportation, and other environments where both corrosion resistance and structural integrity at high temperatures are critical.

Key Topics

• Pipe Classes: The standard defines five classes, each with different welding and radiographic examination requirements:

  • Class 1: Double welded using filler metal in all passes, with complete radiography.
  • Class 2: Double welded using filler metal, no radiography required.
  • Class 3: Single welded using filler metal in all passes, completely radiographed.
  • Class 4: Like Class 3, but the internal weld pass may be without filler metal.
  • Class 5: Double welded with filler metal and spot radiographed.

• Material Grades: Covers a wide range of austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steels and alloys, including popular grades like 304, 304L, 316, 316L, and others for tailored corrosion resistance and temperature performance.

• Manufacturing & Testing:

  • Pipe must be made from plate conforming to ASTM A240/A240M.
  • Required tests include transverse tension, transverse guided-bend weld, and hydrostatic inspection.
  • Welds must meet stringent quality requirements, and any defects must be repaired and re-tested.

• Heat Treatment: Pipes are generally supplied in the heat-treated condition, with supplementary options based on the specific service environment.

• Radiographic and Non-Destructive Testing: Complete or spot radiography is required depending on the class, ensuring weld integrity. Supplementary options include penetrant and powder examinations.

Applications

ASTM A358/A358M-24 stainless steel pipes are widely used in applications requiring superior corrosion resistance and mechanical performance at elevated temperatures. Common sectors include:

• Power Generation: Boiler, heat exchanger, and superheater piping in fossil and nuclear power plants.
• Chemical Processing: Conveyance of aggressive chemicals and process fluids where corrosion control is critical.
• Oil & Gas: Onshore and offshore piping systems exposed to harsh environments.
• Pharmaceutical & Food Industries: Systems requiring high cleanliness standards along with durability.
• Industrial Plant Construction: Structural and process piping in refineries, mills, and high-temperature facilities.

The standard’s requirements for comprehensive testing and quality control ensure reliability and safety in service, making it a preferred choice for critical infrastructure.

Related Standards

When specifying or working with ASTM A358/A358M-24, several related standards may apply:

• ASTM A240/A240M: Covers chromium and chromium-nickel stainless steel plate, sheet, and strip.
• ASTM A262: Practices for detecting susceptibility to intergranular attack in austenitic stainless steels.
• ASTM A480/A480M: General requirements for flat-rolled stainless and heat-resisting steel.
• ASTM A999/A999M: General requirements for alloy and stainless steel pipe.
• ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (Sections II, III, VIII, IX): Addresses construction, testing, and qualification requirements for boiler and pressure vessel components.
• AWS Specifications: Various filler metals and welding electrode standards relevant to the fabrication of stainless steel pipes.

These related documents provide further technical context and requirements often referenced in procurement and manufacturing processes.

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Keywords: ASTM A358, stainless steel pipe, electric-fusion-welded, high-temperature service, corrosion resistant piping, chromium-nickel alloy, welded steel pipe standard, industrial piping specification, power plant piping, chemical process piping.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A358/A358M − 24 Used in USDOE-NE Standards
Standard Specification for
Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel
Stainless Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service and
General Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A358/A358M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* manufacturing practice are provided. Supplementary Require-
2 ments S1 through S6 are included as options to be specified
1.1 This specification covers electric-fusion-welded auste-
when desired.
nitic chromium-nickel stainless steel pipe suitable for corrosive
or high-temperature service, or both, or for general applica-
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
tions.
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
NOTE 1—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
1.2 This specification covers the grades of alloy and stain-
specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
less steel listed in Table 1. The selection of the proper grade
designation of this specification is specified in the order.
and requirements for heat treatment shall be at the discretion of
the purchaser, dependent on the service conditions to be
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
encountered.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.3 Five classes of pipe are covered as follows: ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.3.1 Class 1—Pipe shall be double welded by processes
employing filler metal in all passes and shall be completely mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
radiographed.
1.3.2 Class 2—Pipe shall be double welded by processes
employing filler metal in all passes. No radiography is re- 2. Referenced Documents
quired.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3.3 Class 3—Pipe shall be single welded by processes
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-
employing filler metal in all passes and shall be completely
Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
radiographed.
Vessels and for General Applications
1.3.4 Class 4—Same as Class 3 except that the weld pass
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
exposed to the inside pipe surface may be made without the
Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
addition of filler metal (see 6.2.2.1 and 6.2.2.2).
A480/A480M Specification for General Requirements for
1.3.5 Class 5—Pipe shall be double welded by processes
Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,
employing filler metal in all passes and shall be spot radio-
Sheet, and Strip
graphed.
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related
1.4 Supplementary requirements covering provisions rang-
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
ing from additional testing to formalized procedures for
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved March 1, 2024. Published April 2024. Originally
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as A358/A358M – 19. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/A0358_A0358M-24. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cations SA-358 in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A358/A358M − 24
TABLE 1 Plate and Filler Metal Specifications
A B
Filler Metal Classification and UNS Designation for Applicable AWS Specification
UNS ASTM Plate
Material,
Grade Desig- Specification No. A5.4/A5.4M A5.9/A5.9M A5.11/A5.11M A5.14/A5.14M A5.22/A5.22M A5.30/A5.30M
Type
nation and Grade
Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS
A240/A240M . . .
. . . N08020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
N08020
A240/A240M . . .
. . . N08367 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo-3 W86112 ERNiCrMo-3 N06625 . . . . . . . . .
N08367
A240/A240M . . .
. . . N08700 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo-3 W86112 ERNiCrMo-3 N06625 . . . . . . . . .
N08700
A240/A240M . . .
E
800 N08800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrFe-3 W86182 ERNiCr-3 N06082 . . . . . . . . .
N08800
A240/A240M . . .
E F F F F
800H N08810 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrFe-3 W86182 ERNiCr-3 N06082 . . . . . . . . .
N08810
A240/A240M
F F F F
. . . N08811 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrFe-3 W86182 ERNiCr-3 N06082
N08811
A240/A240M . . .
. . . N08904 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
N08904
A240/A240M . . .
. . . N08926 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo–3 W86112 ERNiCrMo–3 N06625 . . . . . . . . .
N08926
A240/A240M
201 S20100 201 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type 201
A240/A240M
201LN S20153 201LN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type 201LN
A240/A240M
. . . S20400 . . . E 209 W32210 ER209 S20980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S20400
A240/A240M
XM-19 S20910 XM-19 E209 W32210 ER209 S20980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type XM-19
A240/A240M
XM-29 S24000 XM-29 E240 W32410 ER240 S24080 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type XM-29
A240/A240M
304 S30400 304 E308 W30810 ER308 S30880 . . . . . . . . . . . . E308T W30831 IN308 S30880
Type 304
A240/A240M
304L S30403 304L E308L W30813 ER308L S30883 . . . . . . . . . . . . E308LT W30835 IN308L S30883
Type 304
A240/A240M
304H S30409 304H E308H W30810 ER308 S30880 . . . . . . . . . . . . E308T W30831 IN308 S30880
Type 304H
A240/A240M
. . . S30415 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S30415
A240/A240M
. . . S30416 . . . E316L W31613 ER316L S31683 . . . . . . . . . . . . E316LT W31635 IN316L S31683
S30416
A358/A358M − 24
TABLE 1 Continued
A B
Filler Metal Classification and UNS Designation for Applicable AWS Specification
UNS ASTM Plate
Material,
Grade Desig- Specification No. A5.4/A5.4M A5.9/A5.9M A5.11/A5.11M A5.14/A5.14M A5.22/A5.22M A5.30/A5.30M
Type
nation and Grade
Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS
A240/A240M
304N S30451 304N E308 W30810 ER308 S30880 . . . . . . . . . . . . E308T W30831 IN308 S30880
Type 304N
A240/A240M
304LN S30453 304LN E308L W30813 ER308L S30883 . . . . . . . . . . . . E308LTT W30835 IN308L S30883
Type 304LN
A240/A240M
D
. . . S30600 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
D
S30600
A240/A240M
S30815 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S30815
A240/A240M
309S S30908 309S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type 309S
A240/A240M
309Cb S30940 309Nb E309Cb W30917 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type 309Cb
A240/A240M
310S S31008 310S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type 310S
A240/A240M
310Cb S31040 310Cb E310NB W31017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type 310Cb
A240/A240M
. . . S31254 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo-3 W86112 ERNiCrMo-3 N06625 . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31254
S31266 A240/A240M
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo–13 W86059 ERNiCrMo–13 N06059 . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31266
S31266 A240/A240M
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo–10 W86022 ERNiCrMo–10 N06022 . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31266
A240/A240M S31680
316 S31600 316 E316 W31610 ER316 . . . . . . . . . . . . E316T W31631 IN316 S31680
Type 316 W31640
A240/A240M
316L S31603 316L E316L W31613 ER316L S31683 . . . . . . . . . . . . E316LT W31635 IN316L S31683
Type 316L
A240/A240M
316H S31609 316H E316H W31610 ER316H S31680 . . . . . . . . . . . . E316T W31631 IN316 S31680
Type 316H
A240/A240M
316N S31651 316N E316 W31610 ER316 S31680 . . . . . . . . . . . . E316T W31631 IN316 S31680
Type 316N
A240/A240M
316LN S31653 316LN E316L W31613 ER316L S31683 . . . . . . . . . . . . E316LT W31635 IN316L S31683
Type 316LN
A240/A240M
. . . S31655 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31655
A240/A240M
317 S31700 317 E317 W31710 ER 317 S31780 . . . . . . . . . . . . E317LT W31735 . . . . . .
Type 317
A358/A358M − 24
TABLE 1 Continued
A B
Filler Metal Classification and UNS Designation for Applicable AWS Specification
UNS ASTM Plate
Material,
Grade Desig- Specification No. A5.4/A5.4M A5.9/A5.9M A5.11/A5.11M A5.14/A5.14M A5.22/A5.22M A5.30/A5.30M
Type
nation and Grade
Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS
A240/A240M
317L S31703 317L E317L W34713 ER317L S31783 . . . . . . . . . . . . E317LT W31735 . . . . . .
Type 317L
A240/A240M
. . . S31725 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo-3 W86112 ERNiCrMo-3 N06625 . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31725
A240/A240M
. . . S31726 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo-3 W86112 ERNiCrMo-3 N06625 . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31726
A240/A240M
. . . S31727 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31727
A240/A240M . . .
. . . S32050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S32050
A240/A240M
. . . S32053 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S32053
ER321
A240/A240M S32180
321 S32100 321 E347 W34710 . . . . . . . . . . . . E347T W34731 IN348 S34780
Type 321 S34780
ER347
A240/A240M ER321 S32180
C C C
321H S32109 321H W34710 E347T W34731 IN348 S34780
C
Type 321H ER347 S34780
A240/A240M
. . . S32654 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S32654
A240/A240M
. . . S34565 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S34565
A240/A240M
347 S34700 347 E347 W34710 ER347 S34780 . . . . . . . . . . . . E347T W34731 IN348 S34780
Type 347
A240/A240M
C C C
347H S34709 347H ER347 S34780 E347T W34731 IN348 S34780
C
Type 347H
A240/A240M
347LN S34751 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type 347LN
A240/A240M
. . . S34752 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S34752
A240/A240M
348 S34800 348 E347 W34710 ER347 S34780 . . . . . . . . . . . . E347T W34731 IN348 S34780
Type 348
A
New designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086.
B
Choice of American Welding Society specification depends on the welding process used.
C
Minimum carbon content of the filler metal shall be 0.040 mass %.
D
In previous editions, S30600 was incorrectly shown as S01815.
E
Common name, not a trademark, widely used, not associated with any one producer.
F
These filler metals have a high nickel content and, therefore, lower creep strength than the parent metal at temperatures exceeding about 1470 °F [800 °C], and its resistance to sulphurous media is inferior in certain
cases.
A358/A358M − 24
2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: 4.1.16 Certification requirements (see Section on Certifica-
Section II tion of Specification A999/A999M).
Section III
Section VIII 5. General Requirements
Section IX
5.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to
2.3 AWS Specifications:
the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specifi-
A5.4/A5.4M Stainless Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal
cation A999/A999M unless otherwise provided herein.
Arc Welding
A5.9/A5.9M Bare Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes and
6. Materials and Manufacture
Rods
6.1 Materials:
A5.11/A5.11M Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Welding Electrodes
for Shielded Metal Arc Welding 6.1.1 The steel plate material shall conform to the require-
A5.14/A5.14M Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Bare Welding Elec- ments of one of the grades of Specification A240/A240M,
trodes and Rods listed in Table 1, except as provided in 6.3.2.3.
A5.22/A5.22M Stainless Steel Flux Cored and Metal Cored
6.2 Welding:
Welding Electrodes and Rods
6.2.1 The joints shall be full penetration double-welded or
A5.30/A5.30M Consumable Inserts
single-welded butt joints employing fusion welding processes
2.4 Other Standard:
as defined under “Definitions,” ASME Boiler and Pressure
SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
Vessel Code, Section IX. This specification makes no provision
(UNS)
for any difference in weld quality requirements regardless of
the weld joint type employed (single or double) in making the
3. Terminology
weld. Where backing rings or strips are employed, the ring or
3.1 Definitions:
strip material shall be of the same P-Number (Table QW-422
3.1.1 The definitions in Specification A999/A999M and
of Section IX) as the plate being joined. Backing rings or strips
Terminology A941 are applicable to this specification.
shall be completely removed after welding, prior to any
required radiography, and the exposed weld surface shall be
4. Ordering Information
examined visually for conformance to the requirements of
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify
6.2.3. Welds made by procedures employing backing strips or
all requirements that are necessary for product under this
rings that remain in place are prohibited. Welding procedures,
specification. Such requirements to be considered include, but
and welding operators shall be qualified in accordance with
are not limited to, the following:
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
6.2.2 Except as provided in 6.2.2.1 and 6.2.2.2, welds shall
4.1.2 Name of material (electric-fusion-welded pipe),
be made in their entirety by processes involving the deposition
4.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
of filler metal.
4.1.4 Class (see 1.3),
6.2.2.1 For Class 4 pipe employing multiple passes, the
4.1.5 Size (outside diameter and nominal wall thickness),
root-pass may be without the addition of filler metal.
4.1.6 Length (specific or random),
6.2.2.2 For Class 4 pipe, the weld surface exposed inside the
4.1.7 End finish (Section on Ends of Specification A999/
pipe may result from a single pass made from the inside of the
A999M),
pipe without the addition of filler metal.
4.1.8 Authorization for repair of plate defects by welding
6.2.2.3 All single-welded pipe shall be completely radio-
and subsequent heat treatment without prior approval if such is
graphed.
intended (see 9.3),
6.2.3 The weld surface on either side of the weld is
4.1.9 Specification designation,
permitted to be flush with the base plate or to have a reasonably
4.1.10 Special requirements,
uniform crown, not to exceed ⁄8 in. [3 mm]. It is permitted at
4.1.11 Statement invoking requirements of 16.4 if such is
the option of the manufacturer or by agreement between the
intended.
manufacturer and purchaser to remove any weld reinforce-
4.1.12 Circumferential weld permissibility (see Section 16),
ment. The contour of the reinforcement should be reasonably
4.1.13 Supplementary Requirements (S1 through S8),
smooth and free from irregularities. The deposited metal shall
4.1.14 Applicable ASME Code if known,
be fused uniformly into the plate surface. No concavity of
4.1.15 For ASME Code Section III applications, the service
contour is permitted unless the resulting thickness of weld
classification intended, and
metal is equal to or greater than the minimum thickness of the
adjacent base metal.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
6.2.4 Weld defects shall be repaired by removal to sound
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
metal and rewelding. Subsequent heat treatment and examina-
www.asme.org.
tion (that is, visual, radiographic, and dye penetrant) shall be as
Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,
Miami, FL 33126, http://www.aws.org.
required on the original welds.
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org. 6.3 Heat Treatment:
A358/A358M − 24
6.3.1 Unless otherwise stated in the order, all pipe shall be 7.2 Except for Grade S34751 and S34752, the chemical
furnished in the heat-treated condition in accordance with the composition of the welding filler metal shall conform to the
requirements of Table 2. requirements of the applicable AWS specification for the
6.3.2 The purchase order shall specify one of the following corresponding grade shown in Table 1, or shall conform to the
conditions if the heat-treated condition specified in 6.3.1 is not chemical composition specified for the plate in Specification
desired by the purchaser: A240/A240M, or shall, subject to purchaser approval, be a
6.3.2.1 A final heat-treatment temperature under 1900 °F filler metal more highly alloyed than the base metal when
[1040 °C]—Each pipe supplied under this requirement shall be needed for corrosion resistance or other properties. Use of a
stenciled with the final heat-treatment temperature in degrees filler metal other than that listed in Table 1 or conforming to the
Fahrenheit or degrees Celsius after the suffix “HT.” Controlled chemical composition specified for the plate in Specification
structural or special service characteristics may be specified as A240/A240M shall be reported and the filler metal identified
a guide for the most suitable heat treatment. on the certificate of tests. When nitrogen and cerium are
6.3.2.2 No final heat treatment of pipe fabricated of plate specified elements for the ordered grade, the method of
that has been solution heat treated at tempera
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A358/A358M − 19 A358/A358M − 24 Used in USDOE-NE Standards
Standard Specification for
Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel
Stainless Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service and
General Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A358/A358M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel pipe suitable for corrosive or
high-temperature service, or both, or for general applications.
NOTE 1—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,”
“size,” and “nominal size.”
1.2 This specification covers the grades of alloy and stainless steel listed in Table 1. The selection of the proper grade and
requirements for heat treatment shall be at the discretion of the purchaser, dependent on the service conditions to be encountered.
1.3 Five classes of pipe are covered as follows:
1.3.1 Class 1—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be completely radiographed.
1.3.2 Class 2—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes. No radiography is required.
1.3.3 Class 3—Pipe shall be single welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be completely radiographed.
1.3.4 Class 4—Same as Class 3 except that the weld pass exposed to the inside pipe surface may be made without the addition
of filler metal (see 6.2.2.1 and 6.2.2.2).
1.3.5 Class 5—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be spot radiographed.
1.4 Supplementary requirements covering provisions ranging from additional testing to formalized procedures for manufacturing
practice are provided. Supplementary Requirements S1 through S6 are included as options to be specified when desired.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The
inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.10
on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019March 1, 2024. Published November 2019April 2024. Originally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 20152019
as A358/A358M – 15.A358/A358M – 19. DOI: 10.1520/A0358_A0358M-19.10.1520/A0358_A0358M-24.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifications SA-358 in Section II of that Code.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A358/A358M − 24
TABLE 1 Plate and Filler Metal Specifications
A B
Filler Metal Classification and UNS Designation for Applicable AWS Specification
UNS ASTM Plate
Material,
Grade Desig- Specification No. A5.4/A5.4M A5.9/A5.9M A5.11/A5.11M A5.14/A5.14M A5.22/A5.22M A5.30/A5.30M
Type
nation and Grade
Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS
A240/A240M . . .
. . . N08020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
N08020
A240/A240M . . .
. . . N08367 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo-3 W86112 ERNiCrMo-3 N06625 . . . . . . . . .
N08367
A240/A240M . . .
. . . N08700 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo-3 W86112 ERNiCrMo-3 N06625 . . . . . . . . .
N08700
A240/A240M . . .
E
800 N08800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrFe-3 W86182 ERNiCr-3 N06082 . . . . . . . . .
N08800
A240/A240M . . .
E F F F F
800H N08810 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrFe-3 W86182 ERNiCr-3 N06082 . . . . . . . . .
N08810
A240/A240M
F F F F
. . . N08811 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrFe-3 W86182 ERNiCr-3 N06082
N08811
A240/A240M . . .
. . . N08904 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
N08904
A240/A240M . . .
. . . N08926 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo–3 W86112 ERNiCrMo–3 N06625 . . . . . . . . .
N08926
A240/A240M
201 S20100 201 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type 201
A240/A240M
201LN S20153 201LN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type 201LN
A240/A240M
. . . S20400 . . . E 209 W32210 ER209 S20980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S20400
A240/A240M
XM-19 S20910 XM-19 E209 W32210 ER209 S20980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type XM-19
A240/A240M
XM-29 S24000 XM-29 E240 W32410 ER240 S24080 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type XM-29
A240/A240M
304 S30400 304 E308 W30810 ER308 S30880 . . . . . . . . . . . . E308T W30831 IN308 S30880
Type 304
A240/A240M
304L S30403 304L E308L W30813 ER308L S30883 . . . . . . . . . . . . E308LT W30835 IN308L S30883
Type 304
A240/A240M
304H S30409 304H E308H W30810 ER308 S30880 . . . . . . . . . . . . E308T W30831 IN308 S30880
Type 304H
A240/A240M
. . . S30415 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S30415
A240/A240M
. . . S30416 . . . E316L W31613 ER316L S31683 . . . . . . . . . . . . E316LT W31635 IN316L S31683
S30416
A358/A358M − 24
TABLE 1 Continued
A B
Filler Metal Classification and UNS Designation for Applicable AWS Specification
UNS ASTM Plate
Material,
Grade Desig- Specification No. A5.4/A5.4M A5.9/A5.9M A5.11/A5.11M A5.14/A5.14M A5.22/A5.22M A5.30/A5.30M
Type
nation and Grade
Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS
A240/A240M
304N S30451 304N E308 W30810 ER308 S30880 . . . . . . . . . . . . E308T W30831 IN308 S30880
Type 304N
A240/A240M
304LN S30453 304LN E308L W30813 ER308L S30883 . . . . . . . . . . . . E308LTT W30835 IN308L S30883
Type 304LN
A240/A240M
D
. . . S30600 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
D
S30600
A240/A240M
S30815 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S30815
A240/A240M
309S S30908 309S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type 309S
A240/A240M
309Cb S30940 309Nb E309Cb W30917 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type 309Cb
A240/A240M
310S S31008 310S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type 310S
A240/A240M
310Cb S31040 310Cb E310NB W31017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type 310Cb
A240/A240M
. . . S31254 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo-3 W86112 ERNiCrMo-3 N06625 . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31254
S31266 A240/A240M
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo–13 W86059 ERNiCrMo–13 N06059 . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31266
S31266 A240/A240M
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo–10 W86022 ERNiCrMo–10 N06022 . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31266
A240/A240M S31680
316 S31600 316 E316 W31610 ER316 . . . . . . . . . . . . E316T W31631 IN316 S31680
Type 316 W31640
A240/A240M
316L S31603 316L E316L W31613 ER316L S31683 . . . . . . . . . . . . E316LT W31635 IN316L S31683
Type 316L
A240/A240M
316H S31609 316H E316H W31610 ER316H S31680 . . . . . . . . . . . . E316T W31631 IN316 S31680
Type 316H
A240/A240M
316N S31651 316N E316 W31610 ER316 S31680 . . . . . . . . . . . . E316T W31631 IN316 S31680
Type 316N
A240/A240M
316LN S31653 316LN E316L W31613 ER316L S31683 . . . . . . . . . . . . E316LT W31635 IN316L S31683
Type 316LN
A240/A240M
. . . S31655 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31655
A240/A240M
317 S31700 317 E317 W31710 ER 317 S31780 . . . . . . . . . . . . E317LT W31735 . . . . . .
Type 317
A358/A358M − 24
TABLE 1 Continued
A B
Filler Metal Classification and UNS Designation for Applicable AWS Specification
UNS ASTM Plate
Material,
Grade Desig- Specification No. A5.4/A5.4M A5.9/A5.9M A5.11/A5.11M A5.14/A5.14M A5.22/A5.22M A5.30/A5.30M
Type
nation and Grade
Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS Class. UNS
A240/A240M
317L S31703 317L E317L W34713 ER317L S31783 . . . . . . . . . . . . E317LT W31735 . . . . . .
Type 317L
A240/A240M
. . . S31725 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo-3 W86112 ERNiCrMo-3 N06625 . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31725
A240/A240M
. . . S31726 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ENiCrMo-3 W86112 ERNiCrMo-3 N06625 . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31726
A240/A240M
. . . S31727 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S31727
A240/A240M . . .
. . . S32050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S32050
A240/A240M
. . . S32053 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S32053
ER321
A240/A240M S32180
321 S32100 321 E347 W34710 . . . . . . . . . . . . E347T W34731 IN348 S34780
Type 321 S34780
ER347
A240/A240M ER321 S32180
C C C
321H S32109 321H W34710 E347T W34731 IN348 S34780
C
Type 321H ER347 S34780
A240/A240M
. . . S32654 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S32654
A240/A240M
. . . S34565 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S34565
A240/A240M
347 S34700 347 E347 W34710 ER347 S34780 . . . . . . . . . . . . E347T W34731 IN348 S34780
Type 347
A240/A240M
C C C
347H S34709 347H ER347 S34780 E347T W34731 IN348 S34780
C
Type 347H
A240/A240M
347LN S34751 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Type 347LN
A240/A240M
. . . S34752 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S34752
A240/A240M
348 S34800 348 E347 W34710 ER347 S34780 . . . . . . . . . . . . E347T W34731 IN348 S34780
Type 348
A
New designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086.
B
Choice of American Welding Society specification depends on the welding process used.
C
Minimum carbon content of the filler metal shall be 0.040 mass %.
D
In previous editions, S30600 was incorrectly shown as S01815.
E
Common name, not a trademark, widely used, not associated with any one producer.
F
These filler metals have a high nickel content and, therefore, lower creep strength than the parent metal at temperatures exceeding about 1470 °F [800 °C], and its resistance to sulphurous media is inferior in certain
cases.
A358/A358M − 24
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and
for General Applications
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A480/A480M Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
Section II
Section III
Section VIII
Section IX
2.3 AWS Specifications:
A5.4/A5.4M Stainless Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
A5.9/A5.9M Bare Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes and Rods
A5.11/A5.11M Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
A5.14/A5.14M Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Bare Welding Electrodes and Rods
A5.22/A5.22M Stainless Steel Flux Cored and Metal Cored Welding Electrodes and Rods
A5.30/A5.30M Consumable Inserts
2.4 Other Standard:
SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 The definitions in Specification A999/A999M and Terminology A941 are applicable to this specification.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for product under this specification.
Such requirements to be considered include, but are not limited to, the following:
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
4.1.2 Name of material (electric-fusion-welded pipe),
4.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
4.1.4 Class (see 1.3),
4.1.5 Size (outside diameter and nominal wall thickness),
4.1.6 Length (specific or random),
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd., Miami, FL 33126, http://www.aws.org.
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
A358/A358M − 24
4.1.7 End finish (Section on Ends of Specification A999/A999M),
4.1.8 Authorization for repair of plate defects by welding and subsequent heat treatment without prior approval if such is intended
(see 9.3),
4.1.9 Specification designation,
4.1.10 Special requirements,
4.1.11 Statement invoking requirements of 16.4 if such is intended.
4.1.12 Circumferential weld permissibility (see Section 16),
4.1.13 Supplementary Requirements (S1 through S8),
4.1.14 Applicable ASME Code if known,
4.1.15 For ASME Code Section III applications, the service classification intended, and
4.1.16 Certification requirements (see Section on Certification of Specification A999/A999M).
5. General Requirements
5.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specification
A999/A999M unless otherwise provided herein.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 Materials:
6.1.1 The steel plate material shall conform to the requirements of one of the grades of Specification A240/A240M, listed in Table
1, except as provided in 6.3.2.3.
6.2 Welding:
6.2.1 The joints shall be full penetration double-welded or single-welded butt joints employing fusion welding processes as
defined under “Definitions,” ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX. This specification makes no provision for any
difference in weld quality requirements regardless of the weld joint type employed (single or double) in making the weld. Where
backing rings or strips are employed, the ring or strip material shall be of the same P-Number (Table QW-422 of Section IX) as
the plate being joined. Backing rings or strips shall be completely removed after welding, prior to any required radiography, and
the exposed weld surface shall be examined visually for conformance to the requirements of 6.2.3. Welds made by procedures
employing backing strips or rings that remain in place are prohibited. Welding procedures, and welding operators shall be qualified
in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.
6.2.2 Except as provided in 6.2.2.1 and 6.2.2.2, welds shall be made in their entirety by processes involving the deposition of filler
metal.
6.2.2.1 For Class 4 pipe employing multiple passes, the root-pass may be without the addition of filler metal.
6.2.2.2 For Class 4 pipe, the weld surface exposed inside the pipe may result from a single pass made from the inside of the pipe
without the addition of filler metal.
6.2.2.3 All single-welded pipe shall be completely radiographed.
6.2.3 The weld surface on either side of the weld is permitted to be flush with the base plate or to have a reasonably uniform crown,
not to exceed ⁄8 in. [3 mm]. It is permitted at the option of the manufacturer or by agreement between the manufacturer and
purchaser to remove any weld reinforcement. The contour of the reinforcement should be reasonably smooth and free from
A358/A358M − 24
irregularities. The deposited metal shall be fused uniformly into the plate surface. No concavity of contour is permitted unless the
resulting thickness of weld metal is equal to or greater than the minimum thickness of the adjacent base metal.
6.2.4 Weld defects shall be repaired by removal to sound metal and rewelding. Subsequent heat treatment and examination (that
is, visual, radiographic, and dye penetrant) shall be as required on the original welds.
6.3 Heat Treatment:
6.3.1 Unless otherwise stated in the order, all pipe shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition in accordance with the
requirements of Table 2.
6.3.2 The purchase order shall specify one of the following conditions if the heat-treated condition specified in 6.3.1 is not desired
by the purchaser:
6.3.2.1 A final heat-treatment temperature under 1900 °F [1040 °C]—Each pipe supplied under this requirement shall be stenciled
with the final heat-treatment temperature in degrees Fahrenheit or degrees Celsius after the suffix “HT.” Controlled structural or
special service characteristics may be specified as a guide for the most suitable heat treatment.
6.3.2.2 No final heat treatment of pipe fabricated of plate that has been solution heat treated at temperatures required by this
specification—Each pipe supplied under this requirement shall be stenciled with the suffix “HT-O.”
6.3.2.3 No final heat treatment of pipe fabricated of plate that has not been solution heat treated—Each pipe supplied under this
requirement shall be stenciled with the suffix “HT-SO.”
6.4 A solution annealing temperature above 1950 °F [1065 °C] may impair the resistance to intergranular corrosion after
subsequent exposure to sensitizing conditions in Grades 321, 321H, 347, 347H, and 348. When specified by the purchaser, a lower
temperature stabilization or re-solution anneal shall be used subsequent to the initial high temperature solution anneal (see
Supplementary Requirement S5).
TABLE 2 Annealing Requirements
A
Grade or UNS Designation Heat Treating
...