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ASTM C324-01(2007)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Free Moisture in Ceramic Whiteware Clays

Standard Test Method for Free Moisture in Ceramic Whiteware Clays

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of free moisture in ceramic whiteware clays. Whiteware clays may be shipped as a bulk shipment in lumps, a bulk shipment of shredded or coarsely ground clay, or in bagged lots of ground or airfloated clay. Directions are given in this test method for obtaining representative samples of the clay shipment to be used in subsequent tests for the properties of the clay in the shipment. Percentage of free moisture shall be calculated to the nearest 0.1%.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of free moisture in ceramic whiteware clays. Whiteware clays may be shipped as a bulk shipment in lumps, a bulk shipment of shredded or coarsely ground clay, or in bagged lots of ground or airfloated clay. Directions are given in this test method for obtaining representative samples of the clay shipment to be used in subsequent tests for the properties of the clay in the shipment.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2007
ICS
81.060.10 - Raw materials
Technical Committee
C21 - Ceramic Whitewares and Related Products
Drafting Committee
C21.04 - Raw Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C324-01e1 - Standard Test Method for Free Moisture in Ceramic Whiteware Clays
Effective Date
01-May-2007
Referred By
ASTM C837-09(2019) - Standard Test Method for Methylene Blue Index of Clay
Effective Date
01-May-2007
Referred By
ASTM C866-11(2022) - Standard Test Method for Filtration Rate of Ceramic Whiteware Clays
Effective Date
01-May-2007
Referred By
ASTM C867-94(2022) - Standard Test Method for Soluble Sulfate in Ceramic Whiteware Clays (Photometric Method)
Effective Date
01-May-2007

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ASTM C324-01(2007) - Standard Test Method for Free Moisture in Ceramic Whiteware ClaysASTM C324-01(2007) - Standard Test Method for Free Moisture in Ceramic Whiteware Clays
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ASTM C324-01(2007) - Standard Test Method for Free Moisture in Ceramic Whiteware Clays
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C324 −01(Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
1
Free Moisture in Ceramic Whiteware Clays
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C324; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Sampling
1.1 This test method covers the determination of free
3.1 The sample shall be obtained in accordance with Speci-
moisture in ceramic whiteware clays. Whiteware clays may be
fication C332.The sample submitted for testing shall weigh not
shipped as a bulk shipment in lumps, a bulk shipment of
less than 1000 g and shall be kept in an airtight container to
shredded or coarsely ground clay, or in bagged lots of ground
prevent loss of water before testing.
or airfloated clay. Directions are given in this test method for
obtaining representative samples of the clay shipment to be
4. Procedure
used in subsequent tests for the properties of the clay in the
4.1 Remove the sample of clay from its container. Weigh
shipment.
about 500 g of the sample to the nearest 0.1 g. Spread out the
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
weighed portion of the sample in a weighed shallow metal or
safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
porcelain container, and dry at 100 to 110°C for 24 h in a
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
drying oven. Reweigh the dried clay, as quickly as possible, to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
the nearest 0.1 g.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Calculation
2. Referenced Documents
2
5.1 Calculate the percentage of free moisture to the nearest
2.1 ASTM Standards:
0.1 % as follows:
C332 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Insulat-
ing Concrete
Free moisture, dry weight basis,% 5 A 2 B /B 3100 (1)
@~ ! #
Free moisture, wet weight basis,% 5 @ A 2 B /A# 3100 (2)
~ !
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofAS
...

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Standard Test Method for Free Moisture in Ceramic Whiteware Clays

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This test method covers the determination of free moisture in ceramic whiteware clays. Whiteware clays may be shipped as a bulk shipment in lumps, a bulk shipment of shredded or coarsely ground clay, or in bagged lots of ground or airfloated clay. Directions are given in this test method for obtaining representative samples of the clay shipment to be used in subsequent tests for the properties of the clay in the shipment. Percentage of free moisture shall be calculated to the nearest 0.1%.
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This test method covers the procedures for determining soluble sulfate ions present in water or a filtrate using a photometer to measure the turbidity of precipitated barium sulfate. This test method also details a method for standardizing the photometer to be used. The soluble sulfate ions may be removed from clays or clay-water slurries by leaching with water during mixing and then filter pressing. An impractical number of washings would be needed to remove all sulfate ions, therefore, this test method should be considered only as a control test and not a quantitative analysis for sulfate ions. Test apparatus include a balance, high speed mixer, filter press, glass beakers, transfer pipets, spectrophotometer, measuring spoon, and other laboratory equipment. All reagents to be used should be of the required purity and concentration.
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This guide covers the wet sieve analysis of ceramic whiteware clays. This guide is intended for use in testing shipments of clay as well as for plant control tests. The apparatus to be used include stirring device and sieves. The following procedure shall be followed in the analysis of the ceramic whiteware clays: transferring of duplicate portions of the dried clay sample; agitating of the slurry by means of a mechanical stirrer to ensure complete separation of clay from nonplastic impurities; transferring of the slaked and stirred sample, without loss, to the finest sieve to be employed in the test; washing of the residue remaining on the finest sieve into the pan; nesting the top sieve on the pan, which shall contain a certain amount of clear water; refilling of the pan with the proper amount of water, then nesting the top sieve and its residue on the pan; carefully blotting each sieve on its underside with a soft, damp sponge, and placing the sieve either in a drying oven or under infrared lamps until thoroughly dry; nesting the dried residues and sieves in the proper order, with due care to prevent dusting of the residues; and separating the nested sieves and carefully brushing the residue from each onto a weighing paper.
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