ASTM B408-06(2011)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Rod and Bar
Standard Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Rod and Bar
ABSTRACT
This specification covers nickel-iron-chromium alloys UNS N08120, UNS N08800, UNS N08810, UNS N08811, and UNS N08890 in the form of hot-worked and cold-worked rod and bar. The material shall be subjected to heat treatment, and its composition shall conform to the chemical requirements for nickel, chromium, iron, manganese, carbon, copper, silicon, sulfur, aluminum, titanium, columbium, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, phosphorus, tungsten, cobalt, nitrogen, and boron. The material shall conform to mechanical property requirements for tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. Test methods (chemical analysis, tension test, grain size test) shall be performed in accordance to referenced ASTM documents itemized herein.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers UNS N08120, UNS N08800, UNS N08810, UNS N08811,* and UNS N08890 in the form of hot-worked and cold-worked rod and bar. Alloy UNS N08800 is normally employed in service temperatures up to and including 1100°F (593°C). Alloys UNS N08120, UNS N08810, UNS N08811, and UNS N08890 are normally employed in service temperatures above 1100°F (593°C) where resistance to creep and rupture is required, and they are annealed to develop controlled grain size for optimum properties in this temperature range.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:B408 −06(Reapproved2011)
Standard Specification for
Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Rod and Bar
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B408; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1.1 This specification covers UNS N08120, UNS N08800,
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
UNS N08810, UNS N08811,* and UNS N08890 in the form of
E1473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel,
hot-worked and cold-worked rod and bar. Alloy UNS N08800
Cobalt, and High-Temperature Alloys
is normally employed in service temperatures up to and
including 1100°F (593°C). Alloys UNS N08120, UNS
3. Terminology
N08810, UNS N08811, and UNS N08890 are normally em-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
ployed in service temperatures above 1100°F (593°C) where
3.1.1 bar, n—material of rectangular (flats), hexagonal, or
resistance to creep and rupture is required, and they are
square solid section up to and including 10 in. (254 mm) in
annealed to develop controlled grain size for optimum proper-
width and ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) and over in thickness in straight
ties in this temperature range.
lengths.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Hot-worked rectangular bar in widths
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
10in.(254mm)andundermaybefurnishedashot-rolledplate
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
with sheared or cut edges in accordance with Specification
and are not considered standard.
B408, provided the mechanical property requirements of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Specification B408 are met.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2 rod, n—material of round solid section furnished in
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
straight lengths.
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material 4. Ordering Information
as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate
4.1 Orders for material to this specification should include
safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of
information with respect to the following:
regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1.1 ASTM designation, and year of issue.
4.1.2 Alloy designation or UNS number.
2. Referenced Documents
4.1.3 Section—Rod (round) or bar (square, hexagonal, or
2.1 ASTM Standards:
rectangular).
B880 Specification for General Requirements for Chemical
4.1.4 Dimensions—Dimensions including length (Section 8,
Check Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys and
Tables 1-4 incl).
Cobalt Alloys
4.1.5 Condition (Table 5 and Appendix X1).
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
4.1.6 Finish (Appendix X1).
4.1.7 Quantity (feet or number of pieces).
4.1.8 Certification—State if certification or a report of test
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
results is required (Section 16).
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.1.9 Samples for Product (Check) Analysis—State whether
B02.07 on Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
samples for product (check) analysis should be furnished.
Current edition approved May 1, 2011. Published May 2011. Originally
approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as B408 – 06. DOI:
4.1.10 Purchaser Inspection—If purchaser wishes to wit-
10.1520/B0408-06R11.
ness tests or inspection of material at place of manufacture, the
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
purchase order must so state indicating which test or inspec-
cation SB-408 in Section II of that Code.
tions are to be witnessed.
* New designations established in accordance with Practice E527 and
SAE J1086, Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 5. Materials and Manufacture
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1 Heat Treatment—The final heat treatment of UNS
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. N08120 shall be 2150°F (1177°C) minimum, UNS N08810,
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B408−06(2011)
TABLE 1 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance Between
barshallbeasprescribedinTable1,andofhot-workedrodand
Parallel Surfaces of Cold-Worked Rod and Bar
bar as prescribed in Table 2.
Permissible Variations from
Specified Dimension, in. 8.2 Out-of-Round—Hot-worked rods and cold-worked rods
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
A
(mm)
(except“forgingquality”)allsizes,instraightlengths,shallnot
+−
be out-of-round by more than one half the total permissible
Rounds:
1 3
⁄16 (1.6) to ⁄16 (4.8), excl 0 0.002 (0.05) variations in diameter shown in Table 1 and Table 2, except for
3 1
⁄16 (4.8) to ⁄2 (12.7), excl 0 0.003 (0.08) 1
hot-worked rods ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter and under, which
1 15
⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄16 (23.8), incl 0.001 (0.03) 0.002 (0.05)
may be out-of-round by the total permissible variations in
15 15
Over ⁄16 (23.8) to 1 ⁄16 (49.2), incl 0.0015 (0.04) 0.003 (0.08)
15 1
Over 1 ⁄16 (49.2) to 2 ⁄2 (63.5), incl 0.002 (0.05) 0.004 (0.10) diameter shown in Table 2.
Hexagons, squares, rectangles:
1 8.3 Corners—Cold-worked bars will have practically exact
⁄2 (12.7) and less 0 0.004 (0.10)
1 7
Over ⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄8 (22.2), incl 0 0.005 (0.13)
angles and sharp corners.
7 1
Over ⁄8 (22.2) to 1 ⁄4 (31.8), incl 0 0.007 (0.18)
1 8.4 Machining Allowances for Hot-Worked Materials—
Over 1 ⁄4 (31.8) to 2 (50.8), incl 0 0.009 (0.23)
A
When the surfaces of hot-worked products are to be machined,
Dimensionsapplytodiameterofrounds,todistancebetweenparallelsurfacesof
hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles. the allowances prescribed in Table 3 are recommended for
normal machining operations.
8.5 Length—The permissible variations in length of cold-
TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance
worked and hot-worked rod and bar shall be as prescribed in
Permissible Variations from Specified
Table 4.
Specified Dimension, in.
Dimensions, in. (mm)
A
(mm)
8.5.1 Rods and bars ordered to random or nominal lengths
+−
will be furnished with either cropped or saw-cut ends; material
Rod and bar, hot-worked:
1 (25.4) and under 0.016 (0.41) 0.016 (0.41) ordered to cut lengths will be furnished with square saw-cut or
Over 1 (25.4) to 2 (50.8), incl 0.031 (0.79) 0.016 (0.41)
machined ends.
Over 2 (50.8) to 4 (101.6), incl 0.047 (1.19) 0.031 (0.79)
Over 4 (101.6) 0.125 (3.18) 0.063 (1.60) 8.6 Straightness:
Rod, rough turned or ground:
8.6.1 The permissible variations in straightness of cold-
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
B
Forging quality rod: straightness shall be as prescribed in Table 7.
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
8.6.2 The permissible variations in straightness of hot-
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rods, to distance between parallel surfaces of
straightness shall be as specified in Table 8.
hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
B
Spot grinding is permitted to remove minor surface imperfections. The depth of
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
these spot ground areas shall not exceed 3 % of the diameter of the rod.
9.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and condition,
smooth, commercially straight or flat, and free of injurious
imperfections.
2050°F (1121°C) minimum, UNS N08811, and UNS N08890,
2100°F (1149°C) minimum.
10. Sampling
6. Chemical Composition 10.1 Lot:
10.1.1 A lot for chemical analysis shall consist of one heat.
6.1 The material shall conform to the composition limits
10.1.2 Alot for mechanical properties and grain size testing
specified in Table 6.
shall consist of all material from the same heat, nominal
6.2 If a product (check) analysis is performed by the
diameter or thickness, and condition.
purchaser, the material shall conform to the product (check)
10.1.2.1 Where material cannot be identified by heat, a lot
analysis variations in Specification B880.
shall consist of not more than 500 lb (227 kg) of material in the
same size and condition except that a single piece weighing
7. Mechanical Properties and Other Requirements
over 500 lb shall be considered as one lot.
7.1 Mechanical Properties—The material shall conform to
10.2 Test Material Selection:
the mechanical properties specified in Table 5.
10.2.1 Chemical Analysis—Representative samples from
7.2 Grain Size—Annealed UNS Alloys N08120, N08810,
each lot shall be taken during pouring or subsequent process-
N08811, and N08890 shall conform to an average grain size of
ing.
ASTM No. 5 or coarser.
10.2.1.1 Product (check) analysis shall be wholly the re-
sponsibility of the purchaser.
8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
10.2.2 Mechanical Properties and Grain Size—Samples of
8.1 Diameter, Thickness, or Width—The permissible varia-
the material to provide test specimens for mechanical proper-
tions from the specified dimensions as measured on the ties shall be taken from such locations in each lot as to be
diameter or between parallel surfaces of cold-worked rod and representative of that lot.
B408−06(2011)
TABLE 3 Normal Machining Allowances for Hot-worked Material
Normal Machining Allowance, in. (mm)
Finished-Machined Dimensions for Finishes as
Distance Between Parallel
For Rectangular Bar
A On Diameter,
Indicated Below, in. (mm)
Surfaces, for Hexagonal and
for Rods
On Thickness On Width
Square Bar
B
Hot-worked:
7 1 1 1 3
Up to ⁄8 (22.2), incl ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8)
7 7 1 3 1 3
Over ⁄8 to 1 ⁄8 (22.2 to 47.6), incl ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8)
7 7 3 1 3
Over 1 ⁄8 to 2 ⁄8 (47.6 to 73.0), incl ⁄16 (4.8) ⁄4 (6.4) . ⁄16 (4.8)
7 13 1 3
Over 2 ⁄8 to 3 ⁄16 (73.0 to 96.8), incl ⁄4 (6.4) . . ⁄16 (4.8)
13 1 3
Over 3 ⁄16 (96.8) ⁄4 (6.4) . . ⁄8 (9.5)
Hot-worked rods:
C
Rough-turned or Rough Ground:
15 1
⁄16 to 4 (23.8 to 101.6), incl in diameter ⁄16 (1.6) . . .
Over 4 to 12 (101.6 to 304.8), incl in diameter ⁄8 (3.2) . . .
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rods, to distance between parallel surfaces of hexagonal and square bar, and separately to width and thickness of rectangular bar.
B
The allowances for hot-worked material in Table 5 are recommended for rods machined in lengths of 3 ft (0.91 m) or less and for bars machined in lengths of 2 ft (0.61
m) or less. Hot-worked material to be machined in longer lengths should be specified showing the finished cross-sectional dimension and the length in which the material
will be machined in order that the manufacturer may supply material with sufficient oversize, including allowance for out-of-straightness.
C
Applicable to 3 ft (0.91 m) max length.
TABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Length of Rods and Bars
Random mill lengths:
A
Hot-worked 6 to 24 ft (1.83 to 7.31 m) long with not more than 25 weight % between 6 and 9 ft (1.83 and 2.74 m)
Cold-worked 6 to 20 ft (1.83 to 6.1 m) long with not more than 25 weight % between 6 and 10 ft (1.83 and 3.05 m).
Multiple lengths furnished in multiples of a specified unit length, within the length limits indicated above. For each multiple,
an allowance of ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) will be made for cutting, unless otherwise specified. At the manufacturer’s
option, individual specified unit lengths may be furnished.
B
Nominal lengths specified nominal lengths having a range of not less than 2 ft (610 mm) with no short lengths allowed
Cut lengths a specified length to which all rods and bars will be cut with a permissible variation of plus ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm),
minus 0 for sizes 8 in. (203 mm) and less in diameter or distance between parallel surfaces. For larger sizes,
the permissible variation shall be + ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm), − 0.
A
For hot-worked sections weighing over 25 lb/ft (37 kg/m) and for smooth forged products, all sections, short lengths down to 2 ft (610 mm) may be furnished.
B
Forcold-workedrodsandbarsunder ⁄2in.(12.7mm)indiameterordistancebetweenparallelsurfacesorderedtonominalorstocklengthswitha2-ft(610-mm)range,
atleast93 %ofsuchmaterialshallbewithintherangespecified;thebalancemaybeinshorterlengthsbutinnocaseshalllengthslessthan4ft(1220mm)befurnished.
TABLE 5 Mechanical Properties of Rods and Bars
Yield Strength Elongation in 2
Tensile Strength,
Alloy Condition (0.2 % offset) min, in.or50mm(or
min, psi (MPa)
psi (MPa) 4D), min, %
UNS N08120 Cold-worked and hot-worked, annealed 90 000 (621) 40 000 (276) 30
A
UNS N08800 Hot worked, as-hot-worked 80 000 (550) 35 000 (240) 25
Cold-worked and hot-worked, annealed 75 000 (515) 30 000 (205) 30
UNS N08810 and UNS N08811 Cold-worked and hot-worked, annealed 65 000 (450) 25 000 (170) 30
UNS N08890 Cold-worked and hot-worked, annealed 75 000 (520) 30 000 (205) 35
BB B
UNS N08800, UNS N08810 Forging quality
and UNS N08811
A
For hot-worked as-hot-worked rectangular bar ⁄16 in. (7.94 mm) and under in thickness the elongation shall be 20 % min.
B
Forging quality is furnished to chemical requirements and surface inspection only. No tensile properties are required.
11. Number of Tests rectangularbarupto ⁄2in.(12.7mm),inclusive,inthicknesses
which are too wide to be pulled full size.
11.1 Chemical Analysis—One test per lot.
11.2 Tension—One test per lot. 13. Test Method
11.3 Grain Size—One test per lot. 13.1 The chemical composition, mechanical, and other
properties of the material as enumerated in this specification
12. Specimen Preparation
shall be determined, in case of disagreement, in accordance
with the following methods:
12.1 Tension test specimens shall be taken from material in
the final condition and tested in the direction of fabrication.
Test ASTM Designation
12.1.1 All rod and bar shall be tested in full cross-section
Chemical Analysis E1473
size when possible. When a full cross-section size test cannot
Tension E8
be performed, the largest possible round specimen shown in Rounding Procedure E29
Grain Size E112
Test Methods E8 shall be used. Longitudinal strip specimens
shall be prepared in accordance with Test Me
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