ASTM D6543-20

Standard Guide to the Evaluation of Measurements Made by Online Coal Analyzers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Online analyzers are used to provide quality data on lots of coal. The resulting quality data are used as a production tool or for some contractual application. This guide provides the means of evaluating the analyzer system and the data produced.  
5.2 Become familiar with the document's terminology and layout. The section on test design and data collection will provide the means by which all the analysis data will be gathered. The test should be carefully designed to ensure the user’s requirements are met.  
5.3 The procedures defined in this guide can be used to estimate the accuracy and precision of an online analyzer: (1) to conduct acceptance testing following installation and (2) to monitor the accuracy and precision (a) during routine use (quality control), (b) when significant changes are made to the analyzer, and (c) when a significant change in the coal being analyzed occurs (for example, a different seam at a mine, or a new coal source at a power plant). These procedures can also be used for calibration purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides techniques to be used for the evaluation of the measurement performance of online coal analyzers.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2020
• ICS: 73.040 - Coals
• Technical Committee: D05 - Coal and Coke
• Drafting Committee: D05.23 - Sampling

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6543 − 20
Standard Guide to
the Evaluation of Measurements Made by Online Coal
1
Analyzers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6543; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.1 analyzer system, n—a coal quality measurement sys-
tem which includes an online coal analyzer and which may
1.1 This guide provides techniques to be used for the
include one or more stages of a coal-sampling system.
evaluation of the measurement performance of online coal
3.2.2 calibration, n—mathematical modeling of analyzer
analyzers.
and comparative coal sampling and analysis data.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.2.1 Discussion—Factors from the model are used in the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
online analyzer control software.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.3 full-stream analyzer, n—an analyzer system that inter-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
rogates the coal on a process belt.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.4 Grubbs estimator, n—an estimate of the measurement
4
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
precision of an online analyzer (1-3).
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2.5 Latent Variable Model, n—a mathematical model that
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
can estimate each system’s precision, when the analyzer is
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
compared to two independent reference systems.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.2.6 online analyzer, n—an analytical tool consisting of an
instrumentandsystems,whichtogetherprovidemeasurements,
2. Referenced Documents
or estimates, or both, of coal quality parameters.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.7 outlier, n—an extreme value that statistical tests indi-
D121Terminology of Coal and Coke
cate to be far enough from other results in a population under
D2013Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
considerationtocausesuspicionthatthevalueisnotamember
D2234/D2234MPractice for Collection of a Gross Sample
of the population.
of Coal
D6518Practice for Bias Testing a Mechanical Coal Sam- 3.2.8 reference material, n—material of stable composition
3
pling System (Withdrawn 2008) that may be used to generate static analyzer measurements.
D7430Practice for Mechanical Sampling of Coal
3.2.9 reference system, n—a measurement system used to
E178Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations
measure the characteristics of a lot of coal that are also
measured by an online analyzer, and against which the online
3. Terminology
analyzer measurements are compared.
3.1 Definitions—For additional definitions of terms used in
3.2.10 sample stream analyzer, n—an analyzer system that
this standard, refer to Terminology D121.
is fed a save or reject stream from a sampling system.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.11 standardization, n—calibration of an instrument to a
reference material using static stability measurements.
1 3.2.12 static stability, n—an estimate of the measurement
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and
Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.23 on Sampling. precision of an instrument obtained on material that is not
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2020. Published February 2020. Originally
moving.
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D6543–17a. DOI:
3.2.12.1 Discussion—The estimate normally is expressed as
10.1520/D6543-20.
2
the standard deviation and average of the measurements for a
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
given period of time.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
4
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Theboldfacenumbersinparenthesesrefertothelistofreferencesattheendof
www.astm.org. this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D6543 − 20
3.2.13 synchronization error, n—an error that occurs from 6.1.3 Whenever there is a major change to the operating
comparing measurements made by an online analyzer and a parameters, the configuration, the calibration, the processes,
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6543 − 17a D6543 − 20
Standard Guide to
the Evaluation of Measurements Made by Online Coal
1
Analyzers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6543; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide provides techniques to be used for the evaluation of the measurement performance of online coal analyzers.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample of Coal
3
D6518 Practice for Bias Testing a Mechanical Coal Sampling System (Withdrawn 2008)
D7430 Practice for Mechanical Sampling of Coal
E178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For additional definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology D121.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 analyzer system, n—a coal quality measurement system which includes an online coal analyzer and which may include
one or more stages of a coal-sampling system.
3.2.2 calibration, n—mathematical modeling of analyzer and comparative coal sampling and analysis data. Factors from the
model are used in the online analyzer control software.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.23 on Sampling.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017Feb. 1, 2020. Published January 2018February 2020. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as
D6543D6543 – 17a.-17. DOI: 10.1520/D6543-17A.10.1520/D6543-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
3.2.2.1 Discussion—
Factors from the model are used in the online analyzer control software.
3.2.3 full-stream analyzer, n—an analyzer system that interrogates the coal on a process belt.
4
3.2.4 Grubbs estimator, n—an estimate of the measurement precision of an online analyzer (1-3).
4
Rose, C. D., “Calibration and Testing of On-Line Coal Analyzers,”The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the Journalend of ASTM
International,this standard. Vol 1, No. 4, April 2004.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D6543 − 20
3.2.5 Latent Variable Model, n—a mathematical model that can estimate each system’s precision, when the analyzer is
compared to two independent reference systems.
3.2.6 online analyzer, n—an analytical tool consisting of an instrument and systems, which together provide measurements, or
estimates, or both, of coal quality parameters.
3.2.7 outlier, n—an extreme value that statistical tests indicate to be far enough from other results in a population under
consideration to cause suspicion that the value is not a member of the population.
3.2.8 reference material, n—material of stable composition that may be used to generate static analyzer measurements.
3.2.9 reference system, n—a measurement system used to measure the characteristics of a lot of coal that are also measured by
an online analyzer, and against which the online analyzer measurements are compared.
3.2.10 sample stream analyzer, n—an analyzer system that is fed a save or reject stream from a sampling system.
3.2.11 standardization, n—calibration of an instrument to
...