ASTM D3716-14

Standard Test Methods for Use of Emulsion Polymers in Floor Polishes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The purpose of this test is not to fully identify and characterize a polymer, but to identify a variety of basic parameters needed to predetermine the usefulness of the polymer in formulations as well as for Quality Control purposes.  
3.2 A statement of precision and accuracy is not appropriate in this case.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover test procedures for emulsion polymers that are used in water-based floor polishes. The term “emulsion polymers” is used primarily to denote those materials produced by regular emulsion polymerization techniques, but may be extended to those polymers that are subsequently emulsified or dispersed after polymerization. Unless otherwise noted, the tests may be used for any polymer or copolymer systems. The methods appear in the following order:    
Section  
Sampling  
4  
Total Solids  
5  
pH Value  
6  
Apparent Viscosity  
7  
Sediment  
8  
Storage Stability  
9  
Freeze-thaw Stability  
10  
Specific Gravity  
11  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2014
• ICS: 83.140.01 - Rubber and plastics products in general
• Technical Committee: D21 - Polishes
• Drafting Committee: D21.03 - Chemical and Physical Testing

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3716 − 14
Standard Test Methods for
1
Use of Emulsion Polymers in Floor Polishes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3716; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope parameters needed to predetermine the usefulness of the
polymer in formulations as well as for Quality Control pur-
1.1 These test methods cover test procedures for emulsion
poses.
polymers that are used in water-based floor polishes. The term
“emulsion polymers” is used primarily to denote those mate- 3.2 Astatementofprecisionandaccuracyisnotappropriate
rials produced by regular emulsion polymerization techniques, in this case.
but may be extended to those polymers that are subsequently
4. Sampling
emulsified or dispersed after polymerization. Unless otherwise
noted, the tests may be used for any polymer or copolymer
4.1 Outline of Test Method—Since stratification may occur
systems. The methods appear in the following order:
in emulsion polymers, they must be thoroughly agitated to
Section
obtain a homogeneous blend as a representative sample. The
procedure required differs with the type of container and
Sampling 4
facilities available.
Total Solids 5
pH Value 6
4.2 Sampling from Tank Cars—Take three samples of at
Apparent Viscosity 7
least 1 pt (473 mL) each, one at the center of the tank, another
Sediment 8
Storage Stability 9
half way between the center and the bottom, and the third half
Freeze-thaw Stability 10
way between the center and the top. Take the top sample first,
Specific Gravity 11
then the center sample, and the bottom sample last. Use a
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
weighted sampler with a remotely operated, removable top, or
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
other suitable sampling device that will accomplish the same
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
results. Determine the applicable specified or characteristic
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
properties of the samples by the standard procedures or
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
methods. If there is any evidence that stratification has
occurred, then thoroughly agitate the contents of the car until
2. Referenced Documents
samples obtained agree within 1% of total solids.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.3 Sampling from Drums:
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
4.3.1 Blending of Contents—Blend the emulsion polymer
E70Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the
by one of the following methods:
Glass Electrode
4.3.1.1 Method A—If the drum is fitted with a bung and
E100Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
contains 2% air space, lay it on its side and roll to and fro
briskly for not less than 10 min. Then turn the drum upside
3. Significance and Use
down for about 15 min and repeat the rolling operation for an
3.1 The purpose of this test is not to fully identify and
additional10min.Ifthedrumcontainslessthan2%airspace,
characterize a polymer, but to identify a variety of basic
transfer the contents to a larger vessel and thoroughly stir,
preferablybymeansofaperforatedsteeldiskplunger.Stirring
for about 10 min will normally suffice.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D21 on
4.3.1.2 Method B—Agitate the contents of the drum by
PolishesandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD21.03onChemicaland
means of a suitable motor-driven stirrer for as long as is
Physical Testing.
necessary to obtain uniformity. Excessive stirring and unnec-
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originally
essary exposure of the emulsion polymer to air must be
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3716–99(2008).
DOI: 10.1520/D3716-14.
avoided. A suitable type of stirrer consists of a collapsible
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
two-bladed stainless steel propeller of 110-mm minimum
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
diameter,whenfullyopened,mountedonastainlesssteelshaft
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. sufficiently long for the propeller to be distant about one
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3716 − 14
quarter the height of the emulsion polymer from the bottom of 6.4 Report—Report the pH value for the polymer emulsion.
the drum. Operate stirrer at a minimum speed of
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3716 − 99 (Reapproved 2008) D3716 − 14
Standard Test Methods for
1
Use of Emulsion Polymers in Floor Polishes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3716; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover test procedures for emulsion polymers that are used in water-based floor polishes. The term
“emulsion polymers” is used primarily to denote those materials produced by regular emulsion polymerization techniques, but may
be extended to those polymers that are subsequently emulsified or dispersed after polymerization. Unless otherwise noted, the tests
may be used for any polymer or copolymer systems. The methods appear in the following order:
Section
Sampling 4
Total Solids 5
pH Value 6
Apparent Viscosity 7
Sediment 8
Storage Stability 9
Freeze-thaw Stability 10
Specific Gravity 11
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the Glass Electrode
E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
3. Significance and Use
3.1 The purpose of this test is not to fully identify and characterize a polymer, but to identify a variety of basic parameters
needed to predetermine the usefulness of the polymer in formulations as well as for Quality Control purposes.
3.2 A statement of precision and accuracy is not appropriate in this case.
4. Sampling
4.1 Outline of Test Method—Since stratification may occur in emulsion polymers, they must be thoroughly agitated to obtain
a homogeneous blend as a representative sample. The procedure required differs with the type of container and facilities available.
4.2 Sampling from Tank Cars—Take three samples of at least 1 pt (473 mL) each, one at the center of the tank, another half
way between the center and the bottom, and the third half way between the center and the top. Take the top sample first, then the
center sample, and the bottom sample last. Use a weighted sampler with a remotely operated, removable top, or other suitable
sampling device that will accomplish the same results. Determine the applicable specified or characteristic properties of the
samples by the standard procedures or methods. If there is any evidence that stratification has occurred, then thoroughly agitate
the contents of the car until samples obtained agree within 1 % of total solids.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D21 on Polishes and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.03 on Chemical and Physical
Testing.
Current edition approved March 1, 2008Sept. 1, 2014. Published April 2008October 2014. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 20062008 as
D3716 – 99(2006).(2008). DOI: 10.1520/D3716-99R08.10.1520/D3716-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3716 − 14
4.3 Sampling from Drums:
4.3.1 Blending of Contents—Blend the emulsion polymer by one of the following methods:
4.3.1.1 Method A—If the drum is fitted with a bung and contains 2 % air space, lay it on its side and roll to and fro briskly for
not less than 10 min. Then turn the drum upside down for about 15 min and repeat the rolling operation for an additional 10 min.
If the drum contains less than 2 % air space, transfer the contents to a larger vessel and thoroughly stir, preferably by means of
a perforated steel disk plunger. Stirring for about 10 min will normally suffice.
4.3.1.2 Method B—Agitate the contents of the drum by means of a suitable motor-driven stirrer for as long as is necessary to
obtain uniformity. Excessive stirring and unnecessary exposure of the emulsion polymer to air must
...