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ASTM G217-16(2022)

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Corrosion Monitoring in Laboratories and Plants with Coupled Multielectrode Array Sensor Method

Standard Guide for Corrosion Monitoring in Laboratories and Plants with Coupled Multielectrode Array Sensor Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Guide G96 describes a linear-polarization method and an electrical resistance method for online monitoring of corrosion in plant equipment without the need to enter the system physically to withdraw coupons. These two online monitoring techniques are useful in systems in which process upsets or other problems can create corrosive conditions. An early warning of corrosive attack can permit remedial action before significant damage occurs to process equipment. The two methods described in Guide G96 are suitable for uniform corrosion, but may not be sensitive enough for non-uniform corrosion, especially localized corrosion. This guide describes a new method for monitoring non-uniform corrosion, especially localized corrosion.  
4.2 The CMAS technique measures the net anodic current or net cathodic current from each of the individual electrodes (Iaex or Icex in Fig. 1), which is the characteristic of non-uniform corrosion such as localized corrosion and uneven general corrosion. Therefore, the CMAS technique can be used to estimate the rate of uneven general corrosion and localized corrosion (see Section 5).
FIG. 1 Principle of CMAS Probe
Note 1: The upper section shows the electron flows from the corroding area to the less corroding areas inside a metal when localized corrosion takes place; the lower section shows the electron flows after the anodic and cathodic areas are separated into individual small electrodes and coupled through an external circuit that measures the anodic current (Iaex) and cathodic current (Icex) through each of the individual electrodes (4).  
4.3 Unlike uniform corrosion, the rate of non-uniform corrosion, especially localized corrosion, can vary significantly from one area to another area of the same metal exposed to the same environment. Allowance shall be made for such variations when the measured non-uniform corrosion rate is used to estimate the penetration of the actual metal structure or the actual wall of process equipment. T...
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1.1 This guide outlines the procedure for conducting corrosion monitoring in laboratories and plants by use of the coupled multielectrode array sensor (CMAS) technique.  
1.2 For plant applications, this technique can be used to assess the instantaneous non-uniform corrosion rate, including localized corrosion rate, on a continuous basis, without removal of the monitoring probes, from the plant.  
1.3 For laboratory applications, this technique can be used to study the effects of various testing conditions and inhibitors on non-uniform corrosion, including pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Apr-2022
ICS
19.040 - Environmental testing
Technical Committee
G01 - Corrosion of Metals
Drafting Committee
G01.11 - Electrochemical Measurements in Corrosion Testing
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM G217-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Corrosion Monitoring in Laboratories and Plants with Coupled Multielectrode Array Sensor MethodASTM G217-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Corrosion Monitoring in Laboratories and Plants with Coupled Multielectrode Array Sensor Method
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ASTM G217-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Corrosion Monitoring in Laboratories and Plants with Coupled Multielectrode Array Sensor Method
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: G217 − 16 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Guide for
Corrosion Monitoring in Laboratories and Plants with
1
Coupled Multielectrode Array Sensor Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G217; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope G4 Guide for Conducting Corrosion Tests in Field Applica-
tions
1.1 This guide outlines the procedure for conducting corro-
G16 Guide for Applying Statistics to Analysis of Corrosion
sionmonitoringinlaboratoriesandplantsbyuseofthecoupled
Data
multielectrode array sensor (CMAS) technique.
G46 Guide for Examination and Evaluation of Pitting Cor-
1.2 For plant applications, this technique can be used to
rosion
assess the instantaneous non-uniform corrosion rate, including
G48 Test Methods for Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resis-
localized corrosion rate, on a continuous basis, without re-
tance of Stainless Steels and Related Alloys by Use of
moval of the monitoring probes, from the plant.
Ferric Chloride Solution
G96 Guide for Online Monitoring of Corrosion in Plant
1.3 For laboratory applications, this technique can be used
to study the effects of various testing conditions and inhibitors Equipment (Electrical and Electrochemical Methods)
G102 Practice for Calculation of Corrosion Rates and Re-
on non-uniform corrosion, including pitting corrosion and
crevice corrosion. lated Information from Electrochemical Measurements
G193 Terminology and Acronyms Relating to Corrosion
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
G199 Guide for Electrochemical Noise Measurement
as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in
this standard.
3. Terminology
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions—The terminology used herein, if not spe-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
cifically defined otherwise, shall be in accordance with Termi-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
nology G193. Definitions provided herein and not given in
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Terminology G193 are limited only to this guide.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.1 coupled multielectrode array sensor, CMAS,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
n—device with multiple working electrodes that are coupled
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
through an external circuit such that all the electrodes operate
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
at the same electrode potential to simulate the electrochemical
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
behavior of a single-piece metal.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.2.2 non-uniform corrosion, n—corrosion that occurs at
2. Referenced Documents various rates across the metal surface, with some locations
2
exhibiting higher anodic rates while others have higher ca-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
thodic rates, thereby requiring that the electron transfer occurs
G1 Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corro-
between these sites within the metal.
sion Test Specimens
3.2.2.1 Discussion—Non-uniform corrosion includes both
3
localized corrosion and uneven general corrosion (1). Non-
uniform corrosion also includes the type of general corrosion
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee G01 on Corrosion of
Metals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.11 on Electrochemical that produces even surfaces at the end of a large time interval,
Measurements in Corrosion Testing.
but uneven surfaces during small time intervals.
Current edition approved May 1, 2022. Published May 2022. Originally
3.2.3 uneven general corrosion, n—corrosion that occurs
approved in 2016. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as G217–16. DOI:
10.1520/G0217-16R22.
overthewholeexposedsurfaceoralargeareaatdifferentrates.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of
the ASTM website. this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West
...

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4.1 Results obtained from this practice can be used to compare the relative durability of materials subjected to the specific test cycle used. No accelerated test can be specified as a perfect simulation of natural or field exposures. Results obtained from this practice can be considered as representative of natural weathering only when a sufficient magnitude of mathematical correlation exists between exposures.  
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4.1 The purpose of this guide is to introduce the hazards and risks associated with oxygen-enriched systems. This guide explains common hazards that often are overlooked. It provides an overview of the standards and documents produced by ASTM Committee G04 and other knowledgable sources as well as their uses. It does not highlight standard test methods that support the use of these practices. Table 1 provides a graphic representation of the relationship of ASTM G04 standards. Table 2 provides a list of standards published by ASTM and other organizations.  
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1.1 This guide applies to nonmetallic materials, (hereinafter called materials) under consideration for oxygen or oxygen-enriched fluid service, direct or indirect, as defined below. It is intended for use in selecting materials for applications in connection with the production, storage, transportation, distribution, or use of oxygen. It is concerned primarily with the properties of a material associated with its relative susceptibility to ignition and propagation of combustion; it does not involve mechanical properties, potential toxicity, outgassing, reactions between various materials in the system, functional reliability, or performance characteristics such as physical aging, degradation, abrasion, hardening, or embrittlement, except when these might contribute to an ignition.  
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5.1 The use of this apparatus is intended to induce property changes consistent with the end use conditions, including the effects of the UV portion of sunlight, moisture, and heat. Typically, these exposures would include moisture in the form of condensing humidity. Exposures are not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena, such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure. Alternatively, the exposure may simulate the effects of sunlight through window glass. (Warning—Refer to Practice G151 for full cautionary guidance applicable to all laboratory weathering devices.)  
5.2 This practice provides general procedures for operating fluorescent UV lamp weathering devices that allow for a wide range of exposure conditions. Therefore, no reference shall be made to results from the use of this practice unless accompanied by a report detailing the specific operating conditions in conformance with Section 10.  
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5.2.3 Comparison of results obtained from specimens exposed in different models of apparatus should not be made unless correlation has been established among devices for the material to be tested (see Guide D6631 for guidance).
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1.1 This practice is limited to the basic principles for operating a fluorescent UV lamp and water apparatus; on its own, it does not deliver a specific result.  
1.2 It is intended to be used in conjunction with a practice or method that defines specific exposure conditions for an application along with a means to evaluate changes in material properties. This practice is intended to reproduce the weathering effects that occur when materials are exposed to sunlight (either direct or through window glass) and moisture as rain or dew in actual usage. This practice is limited to the procedures for obtaining, measuring, and controlling conditions of exposure.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 If not properly qualified, chemicals and chemical processes can attack metals used during aircraft maintenance and production. It is important to qualify only processes and chemical formulas that do not have any deleterious effects on aircraft metallic skins, fittings, components, and structures. This test procedure is used to detect and measure intergranular attack or pitting depth caused by aircraft maintenance chemical processes, hence, this test procedure is useful in selecting a process that will not cause intergranular attack or end grain pitting on aircraft alloys.  
4.2 The purpose of this practice is to aid in the qualification or process conformance testing or production of maintenance chemicals for use on aircraft.  
4.2.1 Actual aircraft processes in the production environment shall give the most representative results; however, the test results cannot be completely evaluated with respect to ambient conditions which normally vary from day to day. Additionally, when testing chemicals requiring dilutions, water quality and composition can play a role in the corrosion rates and mechanism affecting the results.  
4.2.2 Some examples of maintenance and production chemicals include: organic solvents, paint strippers, cleaners, deoxidizers, water-based or semi-aqueous cleaners, or etching solutions and chemical milling solutions.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for testing and measuring intergranular attack (IGA) and end grain pitting on aircraft metals and alloys caused by maintenance or production chemicals.  
1.2 The standard does not purport to address all qualification testing parameters, methods, critical testing, or criteria for aircraft production or maintenance chemical qualifications. Specific requirements and acceptance testing along with associated acceptance criteria shall be found where applicable in procurement specifications, materials specifications, appropriate process specifications, or previously agreed upon specifications.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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    English language
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