ASTM D4889-98
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Polyurethane Raw Materials Determination of Viscosity of Crude or Modified Isocyanates
Standard Test Methods for Polyurethane Raw Materials Determination of Viscosity of Crude or Modified Isocyanates
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods determine the viscosity of crude or modified iso cyanates. It is applicable to products derived from toluene di iso cyanate, methylene-bis-(4-phenyl iso cyanate), and polymethylene polyphenyl iso cyanates. (See Note
1.)
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements see Note 2 and 10.5. Note 1-There is no equivalent ISO standard.
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Designation: D 4889 – 98
Standard Test Methods for
Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Viscosity of
Crude or Modified Isocyanates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4889; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Note 2). Usual sampling methods (for example, sampling an
open drum thief), even when carried out rapidly, can cause
1.1 These test methods determine the viscosity of crude or
contamination of the sample with insoluble urea. Therefore, the
modified isocyanates. It is applicable to products derived from
sample must be blanketed with dry air or nitrogen at all times.
toluene diisocyanate, methylene-bis-(4-phenylisocyanate), and
polymethylene polyphenylisocyanates. (See Note 1.)
NOTE 2—Caution: —Organic isocyanates are toxic when they are
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
absorbed through the skin, or when the vapors are breathed. Adequate
ventilation should be provided and protective gloves and eyeglasses
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
should be worn.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6. Test Conditions
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards
6.1 Since isocyanates react with moisture, laboratory hu-
statements see Note 2 and 10.5.
midity should be kept low, preferably around 50 % relative
NOTE 1—There is no equivalent ISO standard.
humidity.
2. Referenced Documents
TEST METHOD A—BROOKFIELD VISCOSITY
2.1 ASTM Standards:
7. Summary of Test Method
D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic 7.1 The viscosity is measured at 25 6 0.3°C with a Brook-
2 5
Viscosity) field viscometer, either Model LVF or RVF.
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
8. Interferences
E1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
8.1 The temperature and container size are important factors
3. Terminology
in measuring Brookfield viscosity accurately. Deviation from
3.1 For definitions of terms used in these test methods see the prescribed conditions will affect the accuracy of the results.
Terminology D 883.
9. Apparatus
4. Significance and Use
9.1 Brookfield Synchro-lectric Viscometers , Model LVF
4.1 These test methods can be used for research or for with speeds of 60, 30, 12, and 6 r/min, or Model RVF with
quality control to characterize isocyanates used in polyurethane speeds of 20, 10, 4, and 2 r/min, are to be used. The instrument
products. should be calibrated periodically with Brookfield Engineering
4.2 Viscosity measures the resistance of a fluid to unifor- Laboratories 10-cP or 100-cP Viscosity Standard Fluids.
mally continuous flow without turbulence or other forces. 9.2 Spindle No. 1, The No. 1 Spindles for the LVF and RVF
instruments are different and, therefore, it is important to use
5. Sampling
the correct spindle type.
5.1 Since organic isocyanates react with atmospheric mois-
9.3 Constant-Temperature Bath, capable of maintaining a
ture, special precautions must be taken in sampling (Caution, temperature of 25 6 0.3°C.
9.4 Bath and Sample Thermometers, graduated in 0.1°C
subdivisions and standardized for the range of use to the
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-20 on
nearest 0.01°C. An ASTM Saybolt Viscosity Thermometer
Plastics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular
Plastics.
Current edition approved July 10, 1998. Published January 1999. Originally
published as D 4889 – 88. Last previous edition D 4889 – 93.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. Available from Brookfield Engineering Laboratories, 240 Cushing St., Stough-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03. ton, MA 02072.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 4889
having a range of 19–27°C and conforming to the requirements 10.5 Repeat the procedure until the readings (after each 8 to
for Thermometer 17C in Specification E1 is recommended. 10 revolutions) agree to within one scale division. Caution—
9.5 Wide-Mouth 1-Quart Paint Can—Alternatively, a Always release the clutch lever when the spindle is still
1-quart jar or a 600-mL beaker can be used. immersed in the liquid so that pointer will float back rather than
snap back to zero.
10. Procedure
10.1 Place sufficient sample in a 1-quar
...
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