ASTM E988-96(2002)

Standard Temperature-Electromotive Force (EMF) Tables for Tungsten-Rhenium Thermocouples (Withdrawn 2011)

SCOPE
1.1 This standard consists of reference tables that give temperature-electromotive force (emf) relationships for 97% Tungsten 3% Rhenium versus 75% Tungsten 25% Rhenium and 95% Tungsten 5% Rhenium versus 74% Tungsten 26% Rhenium thermocouples. These are the refractory metal thermocouple types most commonly used in industry.  
1.2 Also included is a list (Table 1) of initial calibration tolerances for the thermocouple types referred to in 1.1, and their respective compensating extension wires (Table 2).  
1.3 These data are intended for industrial and laboratory use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This standard consists of reference tables that give temperature-electromotive force (emf) relationships for 97 % Tungsten 3 % Rhenium versus 75 % Tungsten 25 % Rhenium and 95 % Tungsten 5 % Rhenium versus 74 % Tungsten 26 % Rhenium thermocouples. These are the refractory metal thermocouple types most commonly used in industry.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee E20 on Temperature Measurement, this standard was withdrawn in January 2011 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-1996
• Withdrawal Date: 31-Dec-2010
• ICS: 17.200.20 - Temperature-measuring instruments
• Technical Committee: E20 - Temperature Measurement

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E988-96 - Standard Temperature-Electromotive Force (EMF) Tables for Tungsten-Rhenium Thermocouples
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1996
• Referred By: ASTM E696-23 - Standard Specification for Tungsten-Rhenium Alloy Thermocouple Wire
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1996
• Referred By: ASTM E452-02(2023) - Standard Test Method for Calibration of Refractory Metal Thermocouples Using a Radiation Thermometer
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1996

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E988–96 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Temperature-Electromotive Force (EMF) Tables for
Tungsten-Rhenium Thermocouples
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E988; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope tory for most industrial uses but may not be adequate for
computer and similar applications. If greater precision is
1.1 This standard consists of reference tables that give
required, the reader should refer to the equations in Table 7
temperature-electromotive force (emf) relationships for 97%
which permit further generation of the temperature-emf rela-
Tungsten 3% Rhenium versus 75% Tungsten 25% Rhenium
tionships. In addition, Tables 8 and 9 present polynomial
and 95% Tungsten 5% Rhenium versus 74% Tungsten 26%
approximations giving temperature as a function of the ther-
Rhenium thermocouples. These are the refractory metal ther-
mocouple EMF.
mocouple types most commonly used in industry.
1.2 Also included is a list (Table 1) of initial calibration
4. Identification of Thermocouple Types
tolerances for the thermocouple types referred to in 1.1, and
4.1 Letter symbols have not been assigned. Identification is
their respective compensating extension wires (Table 2).
made by composition.
1.3 These data are intended for industrial and laboratory
4.2 W3Re/W25Re—97% Tungsten 3% Rhenium (+) ver-
use.
sus 75% Tungsten 25% Rhenium (−).
2. Referenced Documents 4.3 W5Re/W26Re—95% Tungsten 5% Rhenium (+) ver-
sus 74% Tungsten 26% Rhenium (−).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units
5. Initial Calibration Tolerances
(SI) (the Modernized Metric System)
5.1 Thermocouples and matched thermocouple wire are
3. Source of Data supplied to the initial calibration tolerances listed in Table 1.
3.1 The data in these tables are based upon the SI volt (see
6. List of Tables
Practice E380) and the International Temperature Scale of
6.1 Following is a list of tables included in this standard:
1990.
Table
3.2 All temperature-electromotive force data in Tables 3-6
Title
Number
have been developed from wire manufacturers’ data.
1 Initial Calibration Tolerances and Suggested Temperature
3.3 These tables give emf values to three decimal places (1 Ranges for Thermocouples
2 Initial Calibration Tolerances and Suggested Temperature
µV) for each degree of temperature. Such tables are satisfac-
Ranges for Thermocouple Compensating Extension Wires
3 Temperature versus EMF for W3Re/W25Re from 0 to 2315°C
4 Temperature versus EMF for W3Re/W25Re from 32 to 4200°F
1 5 Temperature versus EMF for W5Re/W26Re from 0 to 2315°C
These tables are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E20 on Tempera-
6 Temperature versus EMF for W5Re/W26Re from 32 to 4200°F
ture Measurement and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E20.04 on
7 Equations Used to Derive Tables 3-6
Thermocouples.
8 Polynomial Coefficients for the Computation of Temperatures in
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1996. Published October 1996. Originally
°C as a Function of the Thermocouple EMF
published as E988–84. Last previous edition E988–90. DOI: 10.1520/E0988-
9 Polynomial Coefficients for the Computation of Temperatures in
96R02.
°F as a Function of the Thermocouple EMF
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
7. Keywords
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 7.1 emf; rhenium; thermocouple; tungsten
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E988–96 (2002)
TABLE 1 Initial Calibration Tolerances and Suggested
A
Temperature Ranges for Thermocouples
NOTE 1—Initial calibration tolerances in this table apply to new
thermocouple wire, normally in the size range 0.125 to 0.5 mm in
diameter (No. 36 to 24Awg) and used at temperatures not exceeding the
suggested upper temperatures of Table 1. If used at higher temperatures
these initial calibration tolerances may not apply.
NOTE 2—Initialcalibrationtolerancesapplytonewwireasdeliveredto
the user and do not allow for calibration drift during use. The magnitude
ofsuchchangesdependsonsuchfactorsaswiresize,temperature,timeof
exposure, and environment.
NOTE 3—Where initial calibration tolerances are given in percent, the
percentage applies to the temperature being measured when expressed in
degreesFahrenheit.TodeterminethetoleranceindegreesCelsiusmultiply
the tolerance in degrees Fahrenheit by 5/9.
NOTE 4—Tables 1 and 2 also describe suggested upper temperature
limits for the thermocouples and extension wires. These limits apply to
protected thermocouples, that is, thermocouples in inert or non-oxidizing
atmospheres.
Thermocouple Temperature Initial Calibration
Type Range Tolerances
W3%Re/W25%Re 0 to 426°C 64.4°C
and 32 to 800°F 68°F
426 to 2315°C
W5%Re/W26%Re 61 % of actual
temperature
800 to 4200°F%
A
CAUTION—Users should be aware that certain characteristics of thermocouple
materials including calibration may change in time with use; consequently, test
results obtained at time of manufacture may not necessarily apply throughout an
extended period of use.
TABLE 2 Initial Calibration Tolerances and Suggested
Temperature Ranges for Thermocouple Compensating Extension
Wires
Temperature Initial Calibration
Designation
Range Tolerances
For
W3%Re/W25%Re
A
0 to 330°C
300P( + ) 97.7Ni BAL Cr,Al,Si
60.125 mV
A
300N(−) 96Ni, 4W 32 to 625°F
%
B
203( + ) 90Ni, 10Cr 0 to 260°C
60.110 mV
B
225(−) 98Ni, 2Cr 32 to 500°F%
For
W5%Re/W26%Re 0 to 871°C
60.110 mV
B
405( + ) 94.5Ni 32 to 1600°F%
2Mn
1Si
1.5 AL
B
426(−) 80 Ni, 20 Cu
A
U.S. Patent 3,502,510 assigned to Engelhard Industries.
B
Designation of Hoskins Mfg.
E988–96 (2002)
TABLE 3 Tungsten-3% Rhenium versus Tungsten-25% Rhenium Thermocouples—
Thermoelectric Voltage as a Function of Temperature (°C)
EMF in Millivolts Reference Junctions at 0°C
DEGC 0123456789 10 DEGC
Thermoelectric Voltage in Millivolts
E988–96 (2002)
TABLE 3 (continued)
EMF in Millivolts Reference Junctions at 0°C
DEGC 0123456789 10 DEGC
Thermoelectric Voltage in Millivolts
E988–96 (2002)
TABLE 3 (continued)
EMF in Millivolts Reference Junctions at 0°C
DEGC 0123456789 10 DEGC
Thermoelectric Voltage in Millivolts
E988–96 (2002)
TABLE 3 (continued)
EMF in Millivolts Reference Junctions at 0°C
DEGC 0123456789 10 DEGC
Thermoelectric Voltage in Millivolts
E988–96 (2002)
TABLE 3 (continued)
EMF in Millivolts Reference Junctions at 0°C
DEGC 0123456789 10 DEGC
Thermoelectric Voltage in Millivolts
E988–96 (2002)
TABLE 4 Tungsten-3% Rhenium versus Tungsten-25% Rhenium Thermocouples—
Thermoelectric Voltage as a Function of Temperature (°F)
EMF in Millivolts Reference Junctions at 32°F
DEGF 0123456789 10 DEGF
Thermoelectric Voltage in Millivolts
E988–96 (2002)
TABLE 4 (continued)
EMF in Millivolts Reference Junctions at 32°F
DEGF 0123456789 10 DEGF
Thermoelectric Voltage in Millivolts
E988–96 (2002)
TABLE 4 (continued)
EMF in Millivolts Reference Junctions at 32°F
DEGF 0123456789 10 DEGF
Thermoelectric Voltage in Millivolts
E988–96 (2002)
TABLE 4 (continued)
EMF in Millivolts Reference Junctions at 32°F
DEGF 0123456789 10 DEGF
Thermoelectric Voltage in Millivolts
E988–96 (2002)
TABLE 4 (continued)
EMF in Millivolts Reference Junctions at 32°F
DEGF 0123456789 10 DEGF
Thermoelectric Voltage in Millivolts
E988–96 (2002)
TABLE 4 (continued)
EMF in Millivolts Reference Junctions at 32°F
DEGF 0123456789 10 DEGF
Thermoelectric Voltage in Millivolts
E988–96 (2002)
TABLE 4 (continued)
EMF in Millivolts Reference Junctions at 32°F
DEGF 0123456789 10 DEGF
Thermoelectric Voltage in Millivolts
E988–96 (2002)
...